2015高考英语二轮写作复习资料及复习题

1、第五部分歸作专题一阅读填空亘1专题训练passage 1since the earliest civilizatio ns, people have con trolled rivers to meet societys demands.today rivers are con trolled for many reas on primarily to main ta in reliable watersupplies for daily, agricultural and in dustrial n eeds for power gen erati on, for navigation（航行

2、）,and to prevent flooding.river control is achieved by channelization , a term that covers a range of riverengineer in works, including widening , deepening straightening and stabilization ofbanks, and by the con struct ion of dams.an important period of channelization took place in europe during th

3、e 19th cen tury,whe n many large rivers were straighte ned and their beds deepe ned. one of the mostdramatically cha nged was the tisza river , a branch of the danube that flows throughhun gary.the con trolli ng of the tisza, desig ned to reduce flood ing and make land foragriculture , included cutt

4、ing off more than 100 meanders 河曲）,shortening the riverslen gth by n early 400 kilometers.one of the most com mon ways in which people con trol rivers is by dammi ngthem.the past 50 years or so has see n an in crease in dam con struct ion worldwjctendat the begi nning of the 21st cen tury there were

5、 about 800,000 dams globally sometowering more than 200 meters in height.despite their successes many dams also cause significant environmental changesthat prove harmful.some particularly deep reservoirs （水库）can bring about1 / 72 / 7earthquakes due to the stress on their bottom rocks caused by huge

6、volumes ofwater.dow nstream of a reservoir, the river is certa in ly in flue need in many ways：water volume, speed and quality are all affected leading to changes in the iandscape andamong pla nts and ani mals.io 3 adequate water for:io 3 adequate water for:* * daily iand industrydaily iand industry

7、* * pnwfir generationpnwfir generation” ” navigationnavigationtn stop rivers fromtn stop rivers from予channelized on:channelized on:title:title: angineeringangineering widening widening百antiantislraightening riversslraightening rivers* *7 river banka7 river banka an example: the an example: the r r n

8、f the tisza bynf the tisza bywayswaysnearly 400 kmnearly 400 km* * achievements: ii00achievements: ii00t too0 dams builtoo0 dams built* * problems: causing harmful changes tn 1problems: causing harmful changes tn 1答案 i.river control 2.reasons 3.supply 4.agriculture 5.flooding6.deepening 7.stabilizin

9、g 8.shortening 9.dam construction10.theen vir onmentpassage 2passage 2a professor of en vir onmen tal health and his stude nts bega n study ing the idea ofrooftop gardening for cities. “ i think vertical farming is an idea that can work in a bigway,” said despommier.why would we want to build skyscr

10、apers filled with vegetables whe n weve bee nfarming on the ground for 10,000 years? because as the worlds population grows from6.8 billi on now to as much as 9 billi on by 2050 we could run out of productive soil andwater.most of the population growth will occur in cities that cant easily feed them

11、selves.and the fact that moder n agriculture and everyth ing associated with itchemicalfertilizers and transportation full of carbon is a significant con tributor to climate cha nge ,and sudde nly vertical farmi ng does nt seem so magic one in the sky.“ vertical farming could allow food to be grow n

12、 locally and susta in ably，” says3 / 74 / 7glen kertz, ceo of valcent.the result saves spavital in urban areas and allowsfarmers to irrigate and fertilize with far less waste.at valcents el paso lab, crops grow in rows on conveyor belts.moving them givesthe plants the precise amount of light and nut

13、rients neededbtting them grow 15 times asmuch vegetable as on a normal farm with 5% of the water that traditional agriculturedoes.dedspommier plans to build a 30-story, city-block-size vertical farm that would havetran spare nt walls to maximize sun light and would produce eno ugh food for50,000 peo

14、ple.but it would cost hundreds of millions to build a full- scale skyscraperfarm.thats the mai n drawback: con struct ion and en ergy costs would probably makernoflnp gardeningrnoflnp gardeningan idea that can work inan idea that can work infor cilieftfor ciliefta big waya big wayvertically raised f

15、ood more costly than traditional crops. evergrnwing population especially 3evergrnwing population especially 3 lfiss and less productive soil and waterlfiss and less productive soil and water 4 _dne to modern agriculture, chemiral4 _dne to modern agriculture, chemiralfertilizers and transportalion f

16、ull of carbonfertilizers and transportalion full of carbon grow food locally and sustainablygrow food locally and sustainably save 6 in urban areassave 6 in urban areas lrrigaie and fertilize with far less wastelrrigaie and fertilize with far less waste harharvest more with 7vest more with 7 gmw cmp

17、ft in nwa on a convfiynr beltgmw cmpft in nwa on a convfiynr belt fiktve thftm to getfiktve thftm to get闿 huilcl 9 tn get as munh sunlighthuilcl 9 tn get as munh sunlightha porribln porriblnv v_dniwharkdniwhark” /- - -1 1high construclionhigh construclionand iq.and iq.答案 . .vertical farming 2.reason

18、s/causes/contributions 3.in cities 4.climatechange 5.advantages 6.vital space 7.less water 8.light and nu trie nts 9.tra nspare ntwalls 10.e nergy costspassage 3passage 3young people are defi nitely less courageous! 勇敢的）tha n they were three decadesago.why is this? its because they are spoil,nd take

19、 for gran ted everyth ing that they5 / 7have or are give n.three decades ago there was nt n early as much blata nt 公然的）disrespect forelders, peers or other people in general.at that time young people were taught that toget anything or get any where in life, theyd have to work for it and earn it.if y

20、oung people arent being taught the basics of respect ing othejsa nd arent beingtaught that they need to work to make a living then where are they to learn courage.courage isnt n ecessarily about risk ing your life for whatever reas on.lt is aboutbeing able to face any kind of hardship and to make de

21、cisi ons and face the con sequences of those decisi ons.courage means being able to learn from hard timesand to take those lessons withyou through life.it means hav ing the resourcef uln ess 足智多谋）to find ways to dealwith your problems yourself , and not being afraid to do so.too many young people no

22、w rely on pare ntssibli ngs, older relatives and others toget them through life.too often they turn to these figures whenever they get into trouble,and expect to have their problems solved for them.if we are to help our young people become more courageouswe should stop spoiling them, stop doing ever

23、yth ing for them , and teach them the skills n ecessary to makebasic life decisi ons on their own.once these basic prin ciples are in stilled灌输） in our young people, i think well findthat they are more courageous tha n we could have dreameda nd more like the youngpeople of three decades ago tha n we

24、 had ever imag in ed.its time to go back to older values and ideas and to bring courage back into ouryoung people and society._1_ young people 30 year ago thosethemeare less courageous.6 / 7they gen erally show _2_ for eldersand other people.the behavior of youngthey take for gran ted whatever theyp

25、eople todayhave or receive.many of them are too _3 their parents or other relatives to get them throughlife.they are not 5 of the basics of respecting others.they are not taught to work hard to maketheir dreams 6.they dont have the _7_ to make wise4decisi ons and overcome difficulties indepe nden tl

26、y.they tend to expect others such as theirparents or siblings to help them out whenthey are _8_.never _9 them only help them whenn ecessary.tipsteach them the skills they n eed to makebasic life decisi ons by themselves.its time we went back to older valuescon clusi onand ideas, and -10_ into our yo

27、ungpeople and society.答案 . .compared with 2.disrespect/little/less respect3.dependent on4.reasons 5.aware e true7. ability 8.in trouble 9.spoil 10.brought courage backpassage 4passage 4is there a “ success pers on asoyne winning comb in ati on of qualities that leadalmost inevitably （不可避免的） to achie

28、vement? if so, exactly what is that secret successformula 公式）, and can anyone develop it?7 / 7at the gallop organization we recently focused in depth on success inquiring intothe attitudes of 1,500 distinguished people selected at random from who is who inamerica.our research finds out a number of q

29、ualities that occur regularly among topachievers.here is one of the most important that is com mon sen se.common sense is the most widely possessed quality of the people surveyed.79%award themselves a top score in this quality.a nd 61% say that com mon sense is veryimporta nt in con tributi ng to th

30、eir success.to most, com mon sense mea ns the ability to prese nt soundpractical judgme nton daily affairs.to do this, one has to remove extra ideas and get right to the key poi ntsof what matters.a texas oil and gas bus in essma nputs it this way“ thekey ability forsuccess is simplifyi ng.ln con du

31、cti on of meeti ng and deali ng with in dustry reducing acomplex problem to the simplest term is highly importnt. ”is com mon sense a quality a pers on is born with, or can you do someth ing toin crease it? the oil ma ns an swer is that com mon sense can defi nitely bedeveloped.he owes his to lear ning how to debate in school.a no ther way to in creaseyour store of com mon sense is to observe it in others , lear ning from their and your ownmistakes.besides com mon sense there are many other factors that in flue nee success:knowing your field,