七年级英语时态汇总

1、七年级英语时态汇总一般现在时【用 法】(1)在实际应用中，一般现在时常与以下时间状语联用：always, usually, often, sometimes, every week (day, year, month, once a week, on sundays 例句：he usually plays football on sundays.(2)没有时间状语，可以分以下四种类型：abe型 这一类型由be动词+名词、形容词、副词、代词、数词或介词短语等一起构成谓语，表示主语的个性、特征或状态。如： i am a student.(主语+be动词+名词) they are hungry.（主

2、语+be动词+形容词） he is out.(主语+be动词+副词) that pen is mine.(主语+be动词+代词) i am fifteen.(主语+be动词+数词) the bike is under the tree.(主语+be动词+介词短语)bdo型 do型由行为动词充当谓语，表示经常性或习惯性的动作，其构成为“主语+动词原形或动词第三人称单数形式”。如： i know it. he believes me.cthere be型 there be型句子表示“某地存在”，其构成为“there be+主语+其他”，表示客观事实。用法遵循“就近原则”，即主语是单数或并列主语中的

3、第一个主语是单数，则用there is；主语是复数或并列主语中的第一个主语是复数，则用there are。如： （1）there is an eraser on the teacher's desk.(主语an eraser是单数) （2）there is an orange，five apples and eight bananas in the bag.(并列主语中的第一个主语an orange是单数)d情态动词型 情态动词型句子的构成为“主语+情态动词+动词原形”，情态动词和动词原形一起构成谓语，表示说话人对所叙述的动作或状态的看法。如： he can speak a littl

4、e english.(can+speak) may i have a book, please?(may+have)【结 构】主语+动词原形+宾语 即某人+某个动词+其他。肯定式疑问式否定式否定疑问式i work.do i work?i do not work.dont i work?you work.do you work?you do not work.dont you work?we work.do we work?we do not work.dont we work?they work.do they work?they do not work.dont they work?he(s

5、he,it) works.does he(she,it) work?he(she,it) does not work.doesnt he(she,it) work?否定形式：首先找句子中有没有be动词（is, am或者are）或情态动词（can），如果有，只要在be动词或情态动词后面加上not。如果句子中没有be动词（is, am或者are）或情态动词（can）那么根据主语在后面加入dont(you, i或者复数)或doesnt（第三人称单数）。一般疑问句：首先找句子中有没有be动词（is, am或者are）或情态动词（can），如果有，只要将be动词或情态动词提前，放到主语前面。注意：句中第

6、一人称和第二人称要互换。如果句子中没有be动词（is, am或者are）或情态动词（can）那么根据主语判断加入do(you, i或者复数)或does（第三人称单数）。注意：句中第一人称和第二人称也要互换。特殊疑问句：首先分析划线部分的意思，确定用哪个疑问词（what, where, who, when, which, whose, how, how many, how much, what shape, what colour, what doing, where going, what do）,然后找句子中有没有be动词（is, am或者are）或情态动词（can），如果有，只要将be动词

7、或情态动词放到主语前面（疑问词的后面）。如果句子中没有be动词（is, am或者are）或情态动词（can）那么根据主语判断加入do(you, i或者复数)或does（第三人称单数）。注意：句中第一人称和第二人称也要互换。一般过去时【用 法】abe型 这一类型由be动词（was和were）+名词、形容词、副词、代词、数词或介词短语等一起构成谓语，表示主语以前或过去的个性、特征或状态。如： i was a student ten years ago.(主语+be动词+名词) they were hungry just now.（主语+be动词+形容词） the bike was under th

8、e tree yesterday.(主语+be动词+介词短语) it was rainy last sunday. they were very happy at kangkangs birthday party.b情态动词型情态动词型句子的构成为“主语+情态动词过去式could+动词原形”，情态动词过去式和动词原形一起构成谓语，表示主语过去或曾经能做的事情。如： he could speak a little english last year.(could+speak) what could she do when he was ten.cdid型 did型由行为动词过去式充当谓语，表示以

9、前做过的某事，其构成为“主语+动词过去式动词”。如： i knew him when i was young. he believed me at that time . 【结 构】主语+动词过去式+宾语 即某人+某个动词过去式+其他。肯定式疑问式否定式否定疑问式i worked.did i work?i did not work.didnt i work?you worked.did you work?you did not work.didnt you work?we worked.did we work?we did not work.didnt we work?they worked.

10、did they work?they did not work.didnt they work?he(she,it) worked.did he(she,it) work?he(she,it) did not work.didnt he(she,it) work?否定形式：首先找句子中有没有be动词（was或者were）或情态动词（could），如果有，只要在be动词或情态动词后面加上not。如果句子中没有be动词（was或者were）或情态动词（could）那么在后面加入didnt（无论主语是什么人称）。一般疑问句：首先找句子中有没有be动词（was或者were）或情态动词（could），如

11、果有，只要将be动词或情态动词提前，放到主语前面。注意：句中第一人称和第二人称要互换。如果句子中没有be动词（was或者were）或情态动词（could）那么在主语之前加入did。注意：句中第一人称和第二人称也要互换。特殊疑问句：首先分析划线部分的意思，确定用哪个疑问词（what, where, who, when, which, whose, how, how many, how much, what shape, what colour, what doing, where going, what do）,然后找句子中有没有be动词（was或者were）或情态动词（could），如果有，只

12、要将be动词或情态动词提前，放到主语前面。注意：句中第一人称和第二人称要互换。如果句子中没有be动词（was或者were）或情态动词（could）那么在主语之前加入did。注意：句中第一人称和第二人称也要互换。【规则动词过去式构成形式】规则动词的过去式由“动词原形+-ed”构成，具体变化有：1. 直接在词尾加-ed。如: wantwanted, workworked, needneeded, cleancleaned2. 以不发音的e结尾的在词尾加-d。如：likeliked, livelived, useused, movemoved3. 以一个元音字母加一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节动词，先

13、双写结尾的辅音字母，再加-ed。如：stopstopped, triptripped4. 以辅音字母加y结尾的动词，先把y变成i，再加-ed。如：studystudied, carrycarried, hurryhurried, marrymarried现在（正在）进行时主语+ be（am / is / are）+动词的-ing形式。肯定式疑问式否定式i am working.am i working?i am not work.you are working.are you working?you are not work.we are working.are we working?we a

14、re not work.they are working.are they working?they are not work.he(she,it) isworking.is he(she,it) working?he(she,it) is not work.肯定句形式：i + am 动词ing. 如：i am reading (read) an interesting story book now.she/he/it + is 动词ing. 如：tom is reading (read) an interesting story book now.we/you/they + are动词ing

15、. 如：they are reading (read) an interesting story book now.否定句形式：直接在be（am, is, are）之后加not，其余照抄。如: i am not reading ( not read) an interesting story book now. tom isnt reading ( not read) an interesting story book now. they arent reading ( not read) an interesting story book now.一般疑问句：直接将be（am, is, ar

16、e）提到主语之前，其余照抄。如：is tom reading (read) an interesting story book now? are they reading (read) an interesting story book now?特殊疑问句：首先分析划线部分的意思，确定用哪个疑问词（what, where, who, when, which, whose, how, how many, how much, what shape, what colour, what doing, where going, what do）,然后再将原句变为一般疑问句形式（即将be动词提到主语之前

17、，其余的不变）。如：what time is tom reading(read) an interesting story book?where are they taking(take) pictures? 【动词ing的构成规律】情况构成方法例词一般情况。加 -ingwash-washing； catch-catching；以不发音字母e结尾的动词先去e，再加-ingmake-making； ride-riding；以重读闭音节结尾的动词双写尾字母，再加-ingsit-sitting swim-swimming 现在进行时的时间标志短语汇总：现在（正在）进行时常与一些固定的时间短语搭配使用

18、： now“现在”如: jim is playing soccer now. right now= at the moment“此刻”如：the monkeys are climbing up the trees at the momnet. look! listen! “看啊！听啊！”如：look! mr. lee is working on the computer. listen! the birds are sing in the tree. where is?问题的回答，暗指说话的时候。如：where is your mom, tom?oh, she is cooking in th

19、e kitchen. 前面早就阐明是现在的短文中。一般将来时一般将来时表示将来发生的动作或存在的状态结构：助动词shall/will be (is ,am ,are ) going to + 动词原形（当主语第一人称时，一般用shall，当主语为第三人称时，用will，但主语为第一人称时，也用will）肯定式:主语+shall/will+动词原形+其他否定式:主语+shall/will+not+动词原形+其他.疑问式:shall/will+主语+动词原形+其他简略回答:(肯)yes,主语+shall/will . (否)no,主语+shall/will+not 缩写形式: 'll =s

20、hall/will shan't= shall not won't = will not 用法:1.表示将要发生的动 作或情况,常用时间状语有: later (on), soon, in a month, next time, from now on, tomorrow等. eg. i shall be eighteen years old next year. maybe china's population _ (pass) 1,300,000,000 by the year 2005. 2.表示某种必然的趋势 eg. fish will die without w

21、ater. 解析：1.在以第一人称为主语的问句中,常用 shall 表示提议和询问情况,在以第二人称作主语的问句中,用will 表示请求. eg. where shall we have the meeting? will you please lend me your pen? 2.当主语是第一人称时,用will 表示意愿.决心.允诺.命令等. eg. i will give you an english-chinese dictionary for your birthday. 3.在时间或条件状语从句中,一般用一般现在时代替一般将来时. eg. tom will write to me

22、when he gets there. 4.be going to +动词原形也可表示将来时. (1).表示主观意愿.打算等. eg. he's going to learn english next term. (2).根据已有迹象,可能要发生的情况 eg. look at the black clouds!-it is going to rain.现在完成时现在完成时的结构： 主语 + “have(has) + 过去分词”（1）现在完成时用来表示对目前状况仍有影响的，刚刚完成的动作（常与yet，already，just连用），或者过去某一时刻发生的，持续到现在的情况（常与for，s

23、ince连用）。例如：1）i have just finished my homework.2）mary has been ill for three days.注意：与for ,since 连用的动词必须用延续性动词，而不能用短暂性动词如：come be here go be there join be a member borrow keep leave be away 等等（2）常与现在完成时连用的时间状语有：since, for, during, over等引导出的短语；副词already, yet, just, ever, now, before, often, lately, re

24、cently等；状语词组this week (morning, month, year), so far, up to now, many times, up to the present等。例如：1）i havent been there for five years.2）so far, she hasnt enjoyed the summer vacation.3）there have been a lot of changes since 1978.一般过去时和现在完成时的比较与转换 一般过去时: 与之搭配的时间副词常用的有:yesterday, last week, last year

25、, at 5:30 , last weekend, last month. 有时用on weekend, this morning 现在完成时: 常用的时间副词有:ever, never, yet, still, already ， in the past ten years; in my life; todayexamples: linda still hasnt finished her homework.stanley has already gotten bored with the life here in toronto. have you ever gone to paris?

26、i have gone to the post office twice today. 2、 过去完成时（1）表示过去某时间前已经发生的动作或情况，这个过去的时间可以用by，before等介词短语或一个时间状语从句来表示；或者表示一个动作在另一个过去动作之前已经完成。 表示“过去的过去 ” 例如：1）we had just had our breakfast when tom came in.2）by the end of last year they had turned out 5, 000 bicycles.（3）过去完成时常用于以下固定句型：1）by (the end of ) +过去

27、时间，主句中谓语动词用过去完成时。例如：the experiment had been finished by 4 oclock yesterday afternoon.八种时态的比较一般现在时和现在进行时 a.一般现在时：重复发生的习惯性动作和真理。 标志性的时间副词： always often frequently usually sometimes every day every week every month occasionally once a month once a month once a year seldom rarely never examples： she goe

28、s shopping every week. he reads business news every morning. he seldom goes dancing. the sun rises in the east and sets in the west. susan loves chocolate. b.表示一种状态或性质 examples: this tastes very good. i dont believe my eyes. i need a car. i hate this music. c.在讲述一个过去发生的故事时，有时可用一般现在时表示过去发生的一系列事情。-thi

29、s use is called the “historical present”.如在看图说话一类题时经常用到这一点。 b>examples: h一个美国人描述他到中国旅游的经历 my friend and i arrive at the capital air port in beijing on the morning of may 25 th , 1993. robert comes to meet with us in a taxi, and we drive to what is to be our apartment for nearly three. week. the d

30、rive is culture shock number one. we see people everywhere. also, beijing seems to be more modern than its has been written in all the books on china i have read. my friend and i are extremely astonished by the number of bicycles on the road, truly the kingdom of bicycles. 现在进行时： a.正在进行的动作 常用的时间状语：（

31、right）now at the（this）moment at present ;,?|lmexamples： robert is teaching at this moment。 mendel is working on the first draft of his essay。 im looking for my umbrella right now. hes enjoying a holiday right now. b.表达在现在一段时间内重复发生的动作，但是动作在说话时不一定正在进行。 常用的时间副词：these days nowadays today this semester/q

32、uarter this week/month/year examples: hes relaxing this week. hes working as a librarian this semester. c.对一类经常发生的事情所表达的强烈情感 常用的时间副词：always forever constantly examples: hes always complaining.（他怎么总是抱怨。） youre always dancing.（你怎么总是跳舞，是不是太多了吧。） 一般现在时和现在完成时 一般现在时： 表达的动作不表明动作从何时开始或已进行了多长时间。 examples: he

33、len and tom are happily married. bruce listens to the news every morning. 现在完成时: a.现在完成时所表达的动作正在进行,但句子总是表明动作是什么时候开始的。 examples: helen and tom have been happily married since their wedding day 60 years ago. bruce has listened to the news all his life without missing a day. b.与现在完成时常用的两个词: for and sin

34、ce for:表示动作持续的一段时间。如:for two minutes/weeks/years；for several days/a long time/the past month 而在一般现在时不能与之连用。 since: 表示动作从何时开始时间点. 如:since 6:00/apr. 23/last week /the accident 现在进行时和现在完成时 现在进行时：表示一个正在进行的动作,但不表明动作从什么时候开始的。 examples: he is waiting over there. matthew is studying chinese in beijing. 现在完成

35、时：可表明发生动作的具体数字和次数。 examples: he has tried to pass the exam twice. 一般过去时和过去进行时 a.二者的区别在于一般过去进行时表示在过去某个特定时间正在进行的动作。 examples: my brother was sleeping at 2:00 yesterday afternoon. my neighbors dog was barking at 3:00 this morning. b.二者的区别在于一般过去进行时表示在过去同一时间两个同时进行的动作。 与之常用的时间副词: while, as examples; rober

36、t was moving the lawn while susan was fixing the car. as michael was visiting paris, robert was teaching english classes in beijing. 一般过去时和过去将来时 二者的区别在于过去将来时表示在过去打算做,但是没有做的动作.而一般过去时表示为什么没有做的原因。 examples: i was going to become a rock star but i didnt know the right people in the music business. 一般过去时

37、和过去完成时 二者的区别在于过去完成时表示在过去的过去所发生的动作。 examples: mary was hungry because she hadnt eaten breakfast. charlie lost his way to the hotel although he had been there a few days earlier. i realized that i hadnt eaten a single french fry since i started my diet. 一般现在时和一般将来时 -一般现在时在时间和条件从句当中表示将来时的动作。 examples:

38、as soon as i save enough money ill buy a big house. when he gets back home he will phone a friend in new york. if it rains tomorrow we will cancel the camping trip.过去进行时 be (was,were)+ 现在分词 七年级英语语法上册下册总结：一、七年级英语语法词法1、名词a）、名词的数我们知道名词可以分为可数名词和不可数名词，而不可数名词它没有复数形式，但可数名词却有单数和复数之分，复数的构成如下：一）在后面加s。如：father

39、s, books, americans, germans, apples, bananas二）x, sh, ch, s, tch后加es。如：boxes, glasses, dresses, watches, wishes, faxes三）1）以辅音字母加y结尾的变y为i再加es 如：baby-babies, family-families, duty-duties, comedy-comedies, documentary-documentaries, story-stories2）以元音字母加y结尾的直接加s。如：day-days, boy-boys, toy-toys, key-keys

40、, ways四）以o结尾加s（外来词）。如：radios, photos, 但如是辅音加o的加es：如: tomatoes西红柿, potatoes马铃薯五）以f或fe结尾的变f为v再加es(s)。如：knife-knives, wife-wives, half-halves, shelf-shelves, leaf-leaves, yourself-yourselves六）单复数相同（不变的）有：fish, sheep, deer鹿子, chinese, japanese七）一般只有复数，没有单数的有：people,pants, shorts, shoes, glasses, gloves,

41、 clothes, socks八）单词形式不变，既可以是单数也可以是复数的有：police警察局，警察, class班，同学, family家，家庭成员九）合成的复数一般只加主要名词，多数为后一个单词。如：action movie-action movies, pen pal-pen pals; 但如果是由man或woman所组成的合成词的复数则同时为复数。如：man doctor-men doctors, woman teacher-women teachers十）有的单复数意思不同。如：fish鱼 fishes鱼的种类, paper纸 papers报纸，卷子，论文, work工作 work

42、s作品，工厂, glass玻璃 glasses玻璃杯，眼镜, orange桔子水 oranges橙子, light光线 lights灯, people人 peoples民族, time时间 times时代, 次数, chicken 鸡肉 chickens小鸡十一） 单个字母的复数可以有两种形式直接加s或s。如：is (is), ks (ks)。但如是缩略词则只加s。如：ids, vcds, sars十二） 特殊形式的有：child-children, man-men, woman-women, foot-feet, mouse-mice, policeman-policemen, englis

43、hman-englishmenb）名词的格当我们要表示某人的什么东西或人时，我们就要使用所有格形式。构成如下：一）单数在后面加s。如：brothers, mikes, teachers二）复数以s结尾的直接在s后加，如果不是以s结尾的与单数一样处理。如：teachers day教师节, classmates; childrens day六一节, womens day三八节三）由and并列的名词所有时，如果是共同所有同一人或物时，只加最后一个s，但分别拥有时却分别按单数形式处理。如：mike and bens room迈克和本的房间（共住一间），mikes and bens rooms迈克和本的

44、房间（各自的房间）2、代词项目 人称代词 物主代词 指示代词 反身代词人称 主格 宾格 形容词 名词性第一人称 单数 i me my mine myself复数 we us our ours ourselves第二人称 单数 you you your yours yourself复数 you you your yours yourselves第三人称 单数 she her her hers herselfhe him his his himselfit it its its this that itself复数 they them their theirs these those themse

45、lves3、动词a） 第三人称单数当动词是第三人称单数时，动词应该像名词的单数变动词那样加s，如下：一）一般在词后加s。如：comes, spells, waits, talks, sees, dances, trains二）在x, sh, ch, s, tch后加es。如：watches, washes, wishes, finishes三）1）以辅音字母加y结尾的变y为i再加es。如：study-studies, hurry-hurries, try-tries2）以元音字母加y结尾的直接加s。如：plays, says, stays, enjoys, buys四）以o结尾加es。如：do

46、es, goes五）特殊的有：are-is, have-hasb） 现在分词当我们说某人正在做什么事时，动词要使用分词形式，不能用原形，构成如下：一）一般在后加ing。如：spell-spelling, sing-singing, see-seeing, train-training, play-playing, hurry-hurrying, watch-watching, go-going, do-doing二）以不发音e的结尾的去掉e再加ing。如：dance-dancing, wake-waking, take-taking, practice-practicing, write-wr

47、iting, have-having三）以重读闭音节结尾且一个元音字母一个辅音字母（注意除开字母组合如show showing, draw-drawing）要双写最后的辅音字母再加ing。如：put-putting, run-running, get-getting, let-letting, begin-beginning四）以ie结尾的变ie为y再加ing。如：tie-tying系 die-dying死 lie-lying 位于4、形容词的级我们在对两个或以上的人或物进行对比时，则要使用比较或最高级形式。构成如下：一） 一般在词后加er或est(如果是以e结尾则直接加r或st)。如：gre

48、ater-greatest, shortershortest, taller tallest, longer longest, nicer- nicest, larger -largest二）以重读闭音节结尾且1个元音字母1个辅音字母(字母组合除外，如few-fewer fewest)结尾的双写结尾的辅音再加er /est。如：big-bigger biggest, red-redder reddest, hot-hotter hottest三） 以辅音字母y结尾的变y为i加er/est。如：happy-happier happiest, sorry-sorrier sorriest, fri

49、endly-friendlier friendliest(more friendly most friendly), busy-busier busiest, easy-easier easiest四）特殊情况：(两好多坏，一少老远)good/well - better best many/much - more most bad/ill worse worstlittle- less least old- older/elder oldest/eldest far- farther/further farthest/furthest5、数词 (基变序，有规则；一、二、三，自己背；五、八、九、

50、十二；其它后接th；y结尾，变为i, eth跟上去。) first, second, third; fifth, eighth, ninth, twelfth; seventh, tenth, thirteenth, hundredth; twenty-twentieth, forty-fortieth, ninety-ninetieth二、七年级英语语法句式1.陈述句肯定陈述句 a) this is a book. (be动词)b) he looks very young. (连系动词)c) i want a sweat like this. (实义动词)d) i can bring som

51、e things to school. (情态动词)e) theres a computer on my desk. (there be结构)否定陈述句 a) these arent their books. b) they dont look nice.c) kate doesnt go to no. 4 middle school. d) kate cant find her doll.e) there isnt a cat here. (=theres no cat here.)2. 祈使句肯定祈使句 a) please go and ask the man. b) lets learn

52、 english!c) come in, please.否定祈使句a) dont be late. b) dont hurry.3. 疑问句1) 一般疑问句 a) is jim a student? b) can i help you? c) does she like salad?d) do they watch tv? e) is she reading?肯定回答: a) yes, he is. b) yes, you can. c) yes, she does. d) yes, they do. e) yes, she is.否定回答: a) no, he isnt. b) no, yo

53、u cant. c) no, she doesnt. d) no, they dont. e) no, she isnt.2) 选择疑问句 is the table big or small? 回答 its big./ its small.k 问年龄 how old is lucy? she is twelve. 问种类 what kind of movies do you like? i like action movies and comedies. 问身体状况 how is your uncle? he is well/fine. 问方式 how do/can you spell it?

54、 l-double o-k.how do we contact you? my e-mail address is cindyjones. 问原因 why do you want to join the club? 问时间 whats the time? (=what time is it?) its a quarter to ten a.m.what time do you usually get up, rick? at five oclock.when do you want to go? lets go at 7:00. 问地方 wheres my backpack? its unde

55、r the table. 问颜色 what color are they? they are light blue.whats your favourite color? its black. 问人物 whos that? its my sister.who is the boy in blue? my brother.who isnt at school? peter and emma.who are lisa and tim talking to? 问东西 whats this/that (in english)? its a pencil case.what else can you see in the picture? i can see some broccoli, strawberries and hamburgers.11问姓名 whats your aunts name? her name is helen./she