中考祈使句专题

1、学习必备欢迎下载定义：用于表达命令、请求、劝告、警告、禁止等的句子叫做祈使句，祈使句最常用于表达命令，因此在学校文法中也常称为命令句。祈使句因对象（即主语）是第二人称，所以通常都省略。祈使句的动词都为一般现在时，句末则使用句号来表示结束。祈使句主要有以下几种：i. 肯定结构：1. do 型（行为动词原形+ 其他）stand up! close the door, please. 祈使句中如有呼语，一定要用逗号隔开，放在句首或句尾。sally, put it on.= put it on, sally. 有的祈使句在意思明确的情况下,动词可省略。如:this way, please. = go

2、this way, please. 请这边走。2. be 型（ be+形容词 /副词 /名词 +其他）试译 : 1)请安静 ! be quiet,please./please be quiet. 2)对你的表弟要友好. be friendly to your cousin. 3)明天上午六点到这儿. be here at six tomorrow morning. 4)要做一个好孩子. be a good boy. 3. let +us(me/him/her/it/them)+ 动词原形试译： 1) 让我来帮帮你。let me help you. 2) 让她马上就试一试吧。let her tr

3、y it at once. 【注意】有时，为了加强语气，可以在动词之前加do 或加 be sure to， 可译作 “ 务必 ” ， “ 一定 ”试译 : 1) 务必再来。do come again. 2) 一定要写信告诉我所有的消息。学习必备欢迎下载be sure to write and give me all the news. ii. 否定形式：1. do 型和 be 型的否定式都是在句首加dont 构成。如: 不要忘记我 ! dont forget me! 上学不要迟到! dont be late for school! 2. let 型的否定式有两种: let +us(me/him

4、/her/it/them)+ not+ 动词原形don t let +us(me/him/her/it/them)+动词原形e.g let s not say anything about it. don t let him go alone.iii. 其他形式的祈使句：1.用 no 开头 ,用来表示禁止性的祈使句，尤其用于告示。1). no+v.-ing 禁止钓鱼no fishing 禁止吸烟no smoking 2). no+ 名词禁止拍照no photos 2.以 may 为句首的表示祝愿的祈使句may you + 动词原形1) 祝你成功 ! may you succeed! 2) 祝你

5、一路平安! may you have a safe journey! iv. 使祈使句语气更加婉转的方法: 请把你的字典借给我. please lend me your dictionary. = lend me your dictionary, please. v. 把祈使句变成反意疑问句. 1) 请开门吧 . open the door, will you/won t you? 2) 不要摸它 , 行吗 ? don t touch it, will you? 学习必备欢迎下载3) 我们去打篮球,行吗 ? let s go and play basketball, shall we? 4)

6、我们晚饭后去散步,好吗 ? let us have a walk after dinner, will you? vi. 祈使句有时相当于一个引导的条件状语从句1) 把药服了 , 你就会感觉好一些。take this medicine and you will feel better. =if you take the medicine, you will feel better. 2) 努力学习 , 否则你就会不及格。work hard, or you will fail in the exam. =if you don t work hard, you will fail in the e

7、xam. 练习i. 将下列汉语翻译成英语。1. 请照看好您的包。_. 2. 让我们去学校吧! _! 3. 亲爱的 ,高兴点儿 ! _! 4. 不要把书放这儿。_. 5. 不要让猫进来。_. ii. 单项选择1. _ stand too close to north americans. give them more personal space. a. arent b. didnt c. wont d. dont 2. -is there a no. 2 bus stop near here? -yes, there is. _ at the second crossing, and you

8、will find it. a. turning left b. turn left c. to turn left d. turns left 3. _. the baby is sleeping. im sorry. a. not talk b. not talking c. dont talk d. cant talk 4. if the green light isn t on, _ a minute.a. wait b. waits c. will wait d. waiting 5. _ late for school again, tim! sorry, i promise th

9、at i _. a. don t; wontb. don t be; wontc. don t be; dontd. don t; will6. don t _ shy. everyone may make mistakes at the beginning.a. am b. is c. be d. are 学习必备欢迎下载7. please . the boy is studying. a. not noisy b. don t noisy c. not to be noisy d. don t be noisy8. i m leaving now. _ you turn off the l

10、ights and the computer. a. to make sure b. make sure c. made sure d. making sure 9. tony, _, or you will get heavier. a. doesnt play sports any more b. doesnt eat so much meat c. dont play sports any more d. dont eat so much meat 10. don t _ too much t v. it s bad for your eyes.a. watching b. to wat

11、ch c. watch d. watches 11. would you please _ near the river? oh, sorry, i won t.a. not play b.don t playc. not to play 12. please don t make a noise. _ . i ll be as quiet as a mouse.a. yes, i do b. no, i dontc. yes, i will d. no, i wont13. _, please. k-e-y. a. what s thisb. spell it c. can you spel

12、l it d. what is it 14. _ play in the street. it s very dangerous. a. do b. not c. don t d. doesnt15. climb the tree! it s too small. come down quickly!a. dontb. isn tc. aren td. do 16. don t forget to close the door after school. _. a.ok, i wontb.ok, i will. c.yes, i do. d.no, i don t.18. -sorry for

13、 being late again. -_here on time next time, or you ll be punished.a. be b. being c. to be d. been 19. _ drive too fast .we have enough （足够的） time to get there. a. not b. dontc. doesn t 20. boys and girls, _in bed. it s bad for your eyesa. not read b. doesn t read c. no readd. don t read学习必备欢迎下载keys 1. please look after your bag2. lets go to school 3