幼师英语Unit4儿童的运动技能

1、会计学1幼师英语幼师英语Unit4儿童的运动技能儿童的运动技能 Read the expressions for classroom management.（1）让我看看你的手指。）让我看看你的手指。Show me your fingers.（2）先去洗手。）先去洗手。Go and wash your hands first. （3）卷袖。）卷袖。Roll up your sleeves.（4）擦肥皂。）擦肥皂。Use soap. / Put soap on your hands.（5）肥皂冲干净。）肥皂冲干净。Rinse your soap off.1（6）把手甩一甩。）把手甩一甩。Shak

2、e your hands.（7）把手擦干。）把手擦干。Dry your hands.（8）让我看看你们的手。）让我看看你们的手。Show me your hands.（9）请洗手。）请洗手。 Wash your hands, please. （10）吃东西前请先洗手。）吃东西前请先洗手。Please wash your hands before you eat. （11）拿餐巾纸。）拿餐巾纸。Get some tissue paper.Play the following game for children.2 Through the Flowers（经过花丛）（经过花丛） Ask your

3、children to pretend that they are standing in a flower garden. Then give them directions such as these，“Tiptoe through the tulips. Dance through the daffodils. Roll through the roses. Crawl through the carnations. Hop through the heather.”Read the following story.3A Busy Year（忙碌的一年）（忙碌的一年） It was th

4、e first day of January, and for the twins it was their first walk in the winter snow. “Look,”said Willie,“a snowmouse!”“Hes holding a broom,”said Winnie. But then they heard a voice：“I am not a broom. I am woody the tree!”The twins couldnt believe their ears. A talking tree! When they returned a few

5、 weeks later, it was already February, and the snowmouse was melting away. But the tree was still there. “What have you two been up to?”she asked. The twins told woody about the McBarney barn where they lived, and about the cows and the horses and the chickens who lived there too. In March the rain

6、and the wind never seemed to stop, but the twins went to see woody just the same. She had become their friend.“All this rain is fine,”she said. “I need it. And soon it will be Spring, I cant wait. I feel my buds.” And, indeed, when April came, Woodys branches were full of buds. “How do you know whic

7、h ones will be the blossoms and which ones the leaves?”Winnie wondered. To her they all looked the same.“Oh, woody, youre beautiful!”said the twins when they returned in May. “Yes,”said Woody, her branches heavy with blossoms and leaves. “May is my month!”It was warm, and the three friends talked an

8、d played all day. On their way home Willie said, “Its a shame that Woody cant run.” “You look sad,”said the twins when they saw Woody again. “Dont you like June and the summertime! ”“I do,”said Woody, but people are careless with cigarettes and campfires, and many trees die in the flames. And I cant

9、 run. The twins looked at each other. “Dont worry, Woody, well protect you,”they said as they ran back to the barn to find a nose and water. It was July when one morning Winnie and Willie heard screams. “Help! Help! Fire!”It was woody. They unrolled the house as fast as they could. The flames had al

10、most reached their friend, but the twins arrived just in time, “Winnie, Willie, how can I ever thank you!”said Woody gratefully. August was vacation month. The twins went to the seashore with their parents, but first they went to say good-bye to Woody, Woody was sound asleep. “Lets not wake her,”Wil

11、lie said. They hung a note from her bark. It said：“Going to the shore. Good-bye, Woody!” When they returned in September, Woodys branches were full of fragrant, juicy fruit. “Take as many as you want,”said Woody, and the twins ate their bellies full. Nothing had ever tasted so good. October arrived

12、Autumn was almost gone, and winter was coming closer. Icy winds blew Woodys leaves away. “Poor Woody,”said the twins. “Dont worry,”said Woody.“Next year Ill have new leaves. Youll see.” The tree was bare now. “Its November already,”Willie whispered. “What shall we give Woody for Christmas?”“”“She de

13、serves the best,”said Winnie. “I shall give her a nice piece of cheese.”Willie looked at her with dismay. “Cheese?”he said. “Trees dont eat cheese“I know,”said Winnie, laughing. “But its the thought that counts!” December came and then it was Christmas. Winnie stepped forward to give Woody her prese

14、nt. “What is it?”asked Willie. “Manure!”said Winnie triumphantly. “Disgusting,”said Willie. But Woody laughed. “Fertilizer is just what I need.”And she mean it. Then it was Willies turn. His box was full of bulbs and flower seeds to plant around the tree. Woody thanked her two friends. “Merry Christ

15、mas!”they all shouted together. They were happy and ready for another busy year. Read the following rhymes.4Plant a Carrot Seed（种一颗胡萝卜种子）（种一颗胡萝卜种子） Plant a little Carrot seed. Water it Just so. Orange and green. Will start to Grow and grow. A Flower （向日葵）（向日葵） My hand is a bud Closed up tight. Witho

16、ut a tiny Speak of light. （close hand into first） Then slowly the petals. Open for me, And here is a beautiful Flower, you see! （slowly open hand）Green vegetables（绿色蔬菜）（绿色蔬菜） Green vegetables Are plants we eat. Theyre so good. What a treat! （Lick lips） Celery, beans, And broccoli- They help us grow

17、So healthy.（Rub tummy and smile） The Little Grapes Hanging on a Vine（小葡萄挂在藤上）（小葡萄挂在藤上）The little grapes hanging on a vine.(Childs name) took one, then there were nine.Nine little grapes hanging near a gate.(Childs name) took one, then there were eight.Eight little grapes looking up to heaven.(Childs

18、 name) took one, then there were seven.Seven little grapes hanging above the sticks.(Childs name) took one, then there were six. Six little grapes hanging near a hive.(Childs name) took one, then there were five. Five little grapes ready for me.(Childs name) took one, then there were three.Three lit

19、tle grapes ready for you.(Childs name) took one, then there were two. Two little grapes hanging in thesun.(Childs name) took one, then there was one. One little grape who was having no fun.(Childs name) took one, then there were none. Pumpkins（南瓜）（南瓜） Pumpkins, pumpkins. Big and round. Pumpkins, pum

20、pkins. On the ground.5Read the following chants. Plant（植物）（植物） Heres a plant. Does it grow? Yes or no? Yes, a plant grows. Heres a book. Does it grow? Yes or no? No, no, no.Grow, Little Seed（种子成长）（种子成长） Plant a little seed. Go ,go, go, little seed. Grow, grow, grow. Water the little seed. Go ,go, go

21、, little seed. Grow, grow, grow. Look at the little seed. Now its a plant. Go, go, go little plant, Grow, grow, grow.Sing the following song.6 Cabbage（卷心菜）（卷心菜）1=C 4/2 3 3 2 1 | 4 4 3 2 5 | 4 4 3 2 | 5 5 4 3 1 |Cabbage is good. Cabbage is yummy. Into the mouth, down to the tummy. 5 6 5 | 5 4 3 4 | 3

22、 3 2 2 | 1 |Mm, Mm， Mm, I li - ke food. Yummy, yummy food.Questions for text discussion1.When do you think a child begin to have physical development?2. What kind of environments shall we provide for the children to develop physically? Childrens Physical Development Development occurs when the brain

23、 and body mature, starting changes in abilities and behavior. Physical development of children refers to their basic physiological changes and motor skills. Children acquire skills gradually, yet the acquisition of skills and changes in the body are unique for each child. Individuality in skill acqu

24、isition results from a persons heredity and environment. Children will acquire skills to balance a three-wheel toy before a two-wheel toy. They will dump a bucket of sand before pouring the contents of the bucket into another container. As children acquire basic motor skills during the early childho

25、od years，they gain more control and confidence to try new tasks. Activities help children develop their capabilities. Two-year-olds，three-year-olds，and four-year-olds generally are in motion. That is what makes young children so observable. They are developing rapidly during the preschool years and

26、showing ranges of physical abilities and capabilities. Motion requires muscular activity. When the large body muscles are in motion，it is called large movement, which is also referred to as gross motor skills and gross motor development. Children use large movements for walking, running, climbing, p

27、edaling and throwingThey are developing their dexterity and skills in body movements during active experiences. As coordination, balance and control mature, childrens participation in large movement activities increase. Appropriate environments for young children need indoor and outdoor climbing str

28、uctures, swings, wheel toys, and space to move, run, and dance. A babys first grasping motions start the beginning of natural exploratory behaviors. Curiosity continues to drive infants, toddlers, and preschoolers to investigate every item in their surroundings. Children use their small muscles in t

29、heir arm, hands, fingers, and faces to interact and to respond. Motor behavior involving the small muscles is called small movement, or fine motor development.matureadj.成熟的成熟的, 到期的到期的 vt.使成熟使成熟 vi. 成熟成熟,basic adj.基本的基本的, 基础的基础的physiological adj.生理学的生理学的, 生理学上的生理学上的motor adj. 肌肉运动的，运动的肌肉运动的，运动的 acqui

30、sition n.获得获得, 获得物获得物balance n.平衡平衡 v.平衡平衡dump vt.倾倒倾倒(垃圾垃圾)bucketn.桶桶, 一桶的量一桶的量pourv.灌注灌注, 倾泻倾泻, 涌入涌入contentn.内容内容, 容量容量,container n.容器容器(箱箱,盆盆,罐罐,壶壶,桶桶,坛子坛子)gain vt.得到得到, 增进增进, 赚到赚到 vi.获利获利, 增加增加capability n.能力能力, 性能性能, 能做某事能做某事的素质的素质observable adj.看得见的看得见的, 引人注目的引人注目的requirevt.需要需要, 要求要求, 命令命令mus

31、cularadj.肌肉的肌肉的, 强健强健的的grossadj.总的总的, 毛重的毛重的pedal v.踩踏板；骑踩踏板；骑车车dexterity n. 灵巧灵巧, 机敏机敏, 灵活度灵活度coordination n.同等同等, 调和调和participation n.分享分享, 参与参与structure n.结构结构, 构造构造, 建筑物建筑物grasp vt.抓住抓住, 抓紧抓紧exploratory adj. 探险的探险的, 探测的探测的, 探探索索infant n.婴儿婴儿, 幼儿幼儿toddlern.初初学走路的孩子学走路的孩子preschooler n. 学龄前儿童学龄前儿童i

32、nvestigate v.调查调查, 研究研究surroundings n.环境环境interact vi.互相作用互相作用, 互相影响互相影响respond v.回答回答, 响应响应, 作出反作出反refer to 指的是指的是, 提到提到, 查阅查阅result from 起因于起因于, 由由造成造成in motion 在在运动中运动中儿童的身体发展指的是他们基本的生理变化和运动技能。儿童的身体发展指的是他们基本的生理变化和运动技能。 refer to v. 指的是指的是, 提到提到, 查阅查阅e.g.Dont refer to the matter again. 不要再提这件事了不要再提

33、这件事了 We can refer to an encyclopedia for information about this subject. 我们可以在百科全书里查阅这问题的有关资料。我们可以在百科全书里查阅这问题的有关资料。physiological ,fizildikl adj. 生理学的，生理的生理学的，生理的 孩子们在获得平衡两个轮子玩具的技能孩子们在获得平衡两个轮子玩具的技能之前，先获得的是平衡三个轮子玩具的技之前，先获得的是平衡三个轮子玩具的技能能活动帮助孩子发展他们的能力。活动帮助孩子发展他们的能力。 capability n.1、 U 能力能力, 能做某事的素质能做某事的素

34、质 e.g. Organizing a whole department is beyond his capability. 组织整个部门是他能力以外的事。组织整个部门是他能力以外的事。 2、复数复数 潜在能力，可发展的能力潜在能力，可发展的能力 e.g. He has great capabilities as a writer. 他极具作家潜质。他极具作家潜质。这使得幼儿的变化是如此显著。这使得幼儿的变化是如此显著。 observable bz:vbl adj. 显著的；觉察得到的；看得见的显著的；觉察得到的；看得见的 n. 物物 可观察量；感觉到的事物可观察量；感觉到的事物(2) req

35、uire doing sth. e.g. The problem requires dealing with immediately. 这个问题要马上处理。这个问题要马上处理。(3) require sth. of sb. e.g. He always requires extra help of me. 他总是要我给他额外的帮助。他总是要我给他额外的帮助。4) required that （should）do e.g. They required that I (should) go there tonight. 他们要求我今晚到那里去。他们要求我今晚到那里去。孩子们用大运动来行走、跑、爬、

36、蹬和仍。孩子们用大运动来行走、跑、爬、蹬和仍。 Pedal pedl v.踩踏板；骑车踩踏板；骑车当协调，平衡和控制力成熟时，儿童在大肌肉运动当协调，平衡和控制力成熟时，儿童在大肌肉运动活动中的参与性就会增加。活动中的参与性就会增加。 一个专为幼儿准备适合的环境，需要提供室内和室一个专为幼儿准备适合的环境，需要提供室内和室外的攀爬支架、秋千、带轮玩具和空间来让孩子外的攀爬支架、秋千、带轮玩具和空间来让孩子们移动、跑和跳舞。们移动、跑和跳舞。 宝宝第一次的抓取动作启动了他们的自然探索行为。宝宝第一次的抓取动作启动了他们的自然探索行为。 好奇心继续驱使着婴儿、学步儿童和学龄前儿童去探索周好奇心继续

37、驱使着婴儿、学步儿童和学龄前儿童去探索周围的每一样事物。围的每一样事物。当他们进入了成年早期之后，他们选择自己的事业和结婚当他们进入了成年早期之后，他们选择自己的事业和结婚伴侣。伴侣。 当然，很多的年轻人在作选择时，还是会为自己的选择寻当然，很多的年轻人在作选择时，还是会为自己的选择寻求父母的建议和赞同。求父母的建议和赞同。 但是当他们一旦在十八到二十一岁左右但是当他们一旦在十八到二十一岁左右“离巢离巢”之后，之后，就希望能够独立。就希望能够独立。 want to be 想成为；想要成为想成为；想要成为 e.g. I want to be a teacher. 我想要做一名教师。我想要做一名教师。 他们在家中的某些特权他们在家中的某些特权-像是看电视或是打电像是看电视或是打电话话-也会被取消一段时间。也会被取消一段时间。 privilege privilid n. 特权；优待；基本权利特权；优待；基本权利 vt. 给与给与特权；特免特权；特免 He enjoys diplomatic privilege. 他享有外交特权。他享有外交特权。