初中,总词汇短语

1、1 常用动词习惯用法1.allow sb to do sth 允许某人去做某事（后接动词不定式）my father allowed me to go out for a walk after finishing my homework. 2.asked sb (not) to do sth 叫某人做事某事（叫某人不要去做某事）my father asked me to study hard. he asked me not to swim alone. be asked to do sth 被叫去做某事/被邀请去做某事i was asked to have a dinner with them

2、 yesterday. 3.be afraid to do sth 害怕做某事she is afraid to ask me questions. 4.be afaid of doing sth 害怕做某事i am afraid of going out at night. 5.be afaid of sth 害怕某物he is afraid of snakes. 6.be amazed to do sth 对做某事感到惊讶he was amazed to meet the girl there. be amazed at sth 对某事感到惊讶they were amazed at the

3、news. 7.be busy doing/with sth 忙于做某事（常考）i am busy with my work. e.g: i was busy washing my car at that time. 那时候我正忙于清洗我的车子。be coming/going/leaving/fiying/moving/dying（某些位移动词用进行时态时表将来）the bus is coming/the dog is dying. 8.be excited to do sth 对做感到兴奋jacky was excited to travel there by plane. be excit

4、ed at sth lily was excited at his words. be excited about doing sth he was excited about passing the exam without going over books. 9.be frightened to do sth 害怕去做某事sam is frightened to ride a horse. 10.be glad/happy to do sth 高兴去做某事she is happy to clean the blackboard with me. be pleased to do sth高兴

5、做某事she was pleased to help the old man yesterday. be pleased with sth 对某事感到高兴/满意the teacher was pleased with my answer. 11.be interested in sth/doing sth 对某事感兴趣 /对做某事感兴趣she is interested in swimming in the river. my brother is interested in chinese. 12.be/get ready for/to do sth be ready for sth 为某事

6、做好了准备we are ready for the exam. be ready to do sth 为做某事做好了准备we are ready to have a birthday party for her. get ready for sth 为某事在做准备we are getting ready for the exam. get ready for sth 为做某事而做准备13.be sorry to do sth 对做某事感到抱歉14.be surprised to do sth 对做某事感到惊奇be surprised at sth 对某事感到惊奇15.be worth doin

7、g sth 值得做某事（ worth 后接动词 -ing 形式，常考）16.begin to do sth begin/start to do/doing sth 17.can/be able to afford (to buy) sth 有能力购买（供）18.can/may/must do sth could/would/should/might do sth 19.can t wait to do sth 迫不急待地去做某事20.decide to do sth 决定去做某事make up one s mind to do sth 下决心去做某事（常考）make a decision to

8、 do sth 对做某事作出决定开始去做某事2 21.deserve to do sth 值得 /应该做22.encourage sb to do sth 鼓励某人去做某事23.enjoy doing sth 乐意去做某事24.expect (sb) to do sth 期望去做某事25.fail to do sth 做某事失败succeed in doing sth 成功做了某事26.finish doing sth 做完某事（后接动词-ing 形式）（常考）27.follow sb to do sth 跟随某人去做某事28.get sb to do sth make sb do sth l

9、et sb do sth 29.get/have a chance to do sth 得到一个做某事的机会30.give/pass/show/lend/sell sb sth/sth to sb buy/get/bring sb sth / sth for sb 31.go on to do sth 继续做事（常考）go on doing sth 继续做事（常考）32.hate to do/doing sth 讨厌 /不喜欢做某事33.have fun doing sth 34.have problems doing sth 做某事遇到困难35.have sb do sth have sth

10、 done have sth to do 有事要做36.hear sb do sth 听到某人做某事（后接动词原形，常考）hear sb doing sth 听到某人正在做某事（常见）37.help to do sth 帮忙做某事help sb (to) do sth 帮助某人做某事38.hope/wish to do sth 希望做某事wish sb to do sth 希望某人做某事39.it seems that 这像是（后接从句）seem to do sth seem +adj it s + adj+(for sb) to do sth .e.g: it s great for him

11、 to hear the news. it s+ adj +(of sb) to do sth it s very kind of you to offer us help. 40.it takes sb some time/money to do sth . 花费某人多长时间做某事（常考）41.sb. pay sth for sth. cost sb. time / money sb. spend time / money on sth. take time to do sth 42.it s best for sb to do sth. 对某人来说做某事是最好的had better do

12、sth 最好做某事（注意had 没有时态和人称的变化，better 后接动词原形）43.it s time for sb to do sth 是某人做某事的时候了44.keep (on)doing sth 坚持做某事（常考）keep sb doing sth 让某人做某事（常考）keep sb from doing sth 阻止某人做某事（常考）keep sb/sth +adj keep the book for 2 days 借这本书两天（不要用borrow 或 lend）45.learn to do sth 学做某事learn sth from sb 向某人学习46.like to do/

13、doing sth 喜欢做某事like sb to do sth 喜欢某人做某事47.need to do sth need doing sth/to be done need sth needn t do sth 让某人做某事（后接动词原形）让某人做某事（后接动词原形）需要做某事3 48.prefer to do sth rather than do sth 宁愿而不愿（常考）prefer doing sth to doing sth 喜欢做胜过做e.g: i prefer reading books to going shopping. 比起购物来，我更爱读书。prefer to do s

14、th 喜欢（爱）做某事49.refuse to do sth 拒绝做50.remember/forget to do sth 记得 /忘记做某事remember/forget doing sth 记得 /忘记做过某事51.see sb do sth 看见某人做某事（结果）see sb doing sth 看见某人正在做某事（正在进行中）be seen to do sth 做某事被看见52.have /get something to eat/drink 一些吃 /喝的东西（词不定式放在something 等后修饰这些词）e.g: i need something to eat. 我要一些吃的东

15、西。53.spend some time (in)doing sth /on sth 花费时间做某事（注意动词要用ing 形式）（常考）spend some money on sth/doing sth 买花了多少钱54.sth is hard/difficult/easy to do . 做好某事很难/容易55.stop to do sth 停下来去某事（两件事）（常考）stop doing sth 停止做某事（一件事）（常考）stop sb (from) doing sth 阻止某人做某事（常考）56.take turns to do sth 轮流做57.tell sb (not) to

16、do sth 叫某人去（不要）做某事be told （not） to do sth 被告知做 /（不要）做某事58.there is no need (for sb) to do sth 对某人来说没必要做某事59.there is no time (for sb ) to do sth have no time to do sth 没时间做某事60.too(for sb) to 太以致不能 so that not enough to do e.g: the boy is too young to go to school. 那男孩太小了以致不能上学。61.try/do one s best

17、to do sth 尽力去做某事try to do sth 试着（图）做某事62.used to do sth 过去常做某事i used to live in the country. 过去我住在农村used to be + adj/a +n) e.g: mr wang used to be a worker. 王先生过去是一位工人。63.want/would like to do sth 想做want/would like sb to do sth 想某人做feel like doing sth 喜爱做某事（注意like 后接动词ing 形式）64.warn sb (not) to do s

18、th 警告某人做某事（或不要做某事）65.why don t you do sth ? why not do sth ? 表示建议的句型还有：what /how about ?（如果是动词，要用ing 形式）shall we ?66.would you like (sb) to do sth ? yes, i d love to . 67.would you mind doing sth? 你介意做某事吗？never mind/not at all/of course not/certainly not . （从不介意 /一点也不介意 /当然不会了）68.would you please (n

19、ot) do sth 你可不可以不做？69.finish doing sth; enjoy doing sth; practise doing sth; be good at doing sth; be good at doing sth; thank you for doing sth; stop doing sth; be good at doing sth; give up doing sth; mind doing sth; （常考）为什么不（表建议的句型，注意用动词原形）4 stop sb from doing sth; go on doing sth; be busy doing

20、sth; see/hear/watch sb doing sth; hate doing sth; feel like doing sth; like doing sth; do well in doing sth; be afraid of doing sth; be interested in doing sth; make a contribution to sth/doing sth 70.非延续性动词 (终止性动词 ) 1.buy-have(has)had 2.borrow-have(has)kept 3.leave-have(has)been away 4.go -have(has

21、)been away/e -have(has)here/in6.die -have(has)been dead 7.join-have(has)been a member of/in 8.begin-have(has)on 8.stop-have(has)been over example: 他的狗死了3 天了 .: his dog has been dead for three days. it is three days since his dog died. his dog died three days ago. 71.感官动词 :(主动语态不带to)1.hear/see/watch

22、sb do sth 或 2. hear/see/watch sb doing sth 1.we often hear him sing the song. 2.i saw him swimming in the river just now. 被动语态带to: he is often heard to sing the song. 役使动词 : (主动语态不带to) make/let sb do sth. his father often makes him do this and that. 被动语态带to: he is often made to do this and that by h

23、is father.happen 的用法happen是不及物动词，它的用法常见的有如下几种情况：1. 表示 “ 某地 (某时 )发生了什么事 ” ，常用 “ sth.+ happen +地点 /时间 ” 这一结构来表达，此时主语应是事情。例如：the story happened in 2003. 这个故事发生在2003 年。an accident happened in that street. 那条街上发生了一起事故。2. 表示 “ 某人出了某事(常指不好的事) ” ，要用 “ sth.+ happen+to sb. ”这一结构来表达。例如：a car accident happened

24、to her this morning. 今天上午她发生了交通事故。what happened to you? 你怎么啦？3. 表示 “ 某人碰巧做某事” ，要用 “ sb.+ happen+ to do sth.”这一结构来表达。例如：i happened to meet a friend of mine in the street yesterday. 昨天我碰巧在街上遇到了我的一个朋友。4. happen表示 “ 碰巧或恰巧发生某事” 时，还可用 “ it happens / happened that.”这一结构来表达。 例如：it happened that brian and pe

25、ter were at home that day. 碰巧那天布莱恩和彼得在家了。it happened that he had to take part in a meeting that afternoon. 碰巧那天下午他不得不参加一个会议。注：that 从句中的主语是人时，此种结构可以与“sb.+ happen + to do sth.”结构互换。 例如： it happened that brian and peter were at home that day. = brian and peter happened to be at home that day. （二） happe

26、n 是 发生 ,或偶然发生 的意思 , 按计划发生的事常用take place 或 be done，例如 : how did the accident happen? 这事故是怎样发生的? if anything happens, please let me know. 有什么事发生,请告诉我 . 注:如果 happen后接不定式 ,是 碰巧 的意思 ,例如 : i happened to meet him on my way home. 我在回家的路上碰巧遇到他. 而 take place 也表示 发生 但没有偶然的意思.例如 : the may fourth movement took p

27、lace in 1919. 五四 运动发生在一九一九年. great changes have taken place since liberation.解放以后 ,发生了巨大变化. 5 初三英语总复习词汇专练根据句子意思，用适当的词填空，使句子意思完整。1. there are all kinds of _ in the zoo. 2. we asked the teacher to sing an english _ for us. 3. mother cut the birthday _ with a knife at the party. 4. ninety-nine plus one

28、 is one _. 5. australia is very large, but the population is quite _. 6. its sunny and there is no _ of rain.7. air _ sounds. 8. we all _ with you. your plan is very good. 9. if you study hard , nothing is _ to you. 10. he was ill . the doctor asked him to take this _ twice a day. 11. my coat is _.

29、would you please clean or wash it for me. 12. ill have the seat _ from the window. the farther, the better. 13. some people are good at _, but they never give back. 14. -dont forget the _ when you clean the classroom. - we wont. we four will sweep one each. 15. - what is on channel 5 this weekend? -

30、 nba. dont _ it. or you will feel sorry. 16. the ice is too _. its dangerous to skate on it. 17. there _ any students in the classroom now. 18. theres no _ over the river. we have to cross it by boat. 19. please brush your _ after meals. 20. there are more than 10,000 worlds in the english-chinese _

31、. 21. we use a camera to take all kind of _. 22. michael jordan is very good at playing _. 23. washington d.c is the _ of the usa, new york is only a _of it. 24. the radio says the cloud will _ later on , so i think it will clear up. 25. in china, xinjiang is the largest province in _. 26. the _ of

32、china is becoming larger and larger. 27. on christmas eve children always put their _ at the end of their beds. 28. do you know _ they have done or not? 29. the higher we went up the mountain, the _ we would feel. 30. the _ was founded on july 1st,1921. 31. of all the girls , she isnt the _ , but, t

33、o the opposite of it, the fattest. 32 we usually have three _ a day. 33. we listen with our _ and look with our _. 34. it often _ in the north of china in winter. and the temperature is usually _ zero at night. 35. there are lots of black _ in the sky. its going to rain, i think. 36. the _ goes arou

34、nd the sun while the moon goes around it. 37. jim is a basketball _, he knows a lot about nba. 38. he left a _ on the desk, saying that he would call back later. 39. the letter b makes no _ in the word climb. 40. -how did you get the film ticket? 6 - oh. i didnt pay for it. it s _. 41. may i use you

35、r _,please? i want to draw a line. 42. the boat can take us to the _ in the middle of the lake. 43. a pan is made of _. 44. the more _ you do your exercises, the fewer mistakes youll make. 45. one player does not make a _. 46. canada is on the _ of the usa. 47. the moon moves around the earth once a

36、 _. 48. the great wall has a long history of about twenty _. 49. he is my father, but im not his son. im his _. 50. ann received a lot of presents on her _ birthday. the twelve-year - old girl felt very happy. 51. jim wanted to post a letter, so he bought an eighty-fen _. 52 . tom is a _ boy. he doe

37、snt want to do anything. 53. there are sixty _ in an hour. 54. i think a clock has three _. 55. the doctor asked him to open his _ and say ah. 56. -did you _ the thief? - sorry, he ran away. 57.we can get _ from a cow. we should drink it every day. 58.the little boy had many strange _ to ask. 59. -w

38、hats your _ sport? - basketball. 60. -wheres the nearest hotel? - _ me, please. im going there ,too. 61. - have you ever been _? - no, ive never been to any foreign country. 62. if you want to learn english well, you must _ speaking as much as possible. 63. there are _ students in our class: 21 boys

39、 and 19 girls. 64. you have tried twice. please try a _ time. 65. the child jumped into the river and _ towards the small island. 66. light travels 300000 _ a second. 67. many countries have sent up man-made satellites into _. 68. the radio is giving the _ report, it is going to rain tomorrow. 69. i

40、n autumn the ground is often covered with fallen _after a strong wind. 70. something isnt allowed here. didnt you see the notice _ the audience on the wall. 71. you should think it over carefully before you make a _. 72. dave is one of my cousins, so we are _. 73. he is _. he cant hear anything. she

41、 is _ . she cant see anything. 74. when you go on a trip on a train, the _ will come to check your ticket. 75. the _ of china is like a cock on the map. 76. usually our _ beat 60 - 70 times a minute. 77. he walked _ the forest and went towards the fields. 78. you cant get off the bus until it _. 79.

42、 _ of eighteen is nine. 7 80. if we are _ the clouds . we wont see much. 81. the boy cant walk today because his _ are hurt. 82. its bad to read in bed. its even _ to read in the sun. 83. china _ 150 gold medals in the 14th asian games. 84. can you see a great smoke coming from the tall _of the fact

43、ory. 85. take the first _ on the right , and youll find the hospital. 86. his family is poor, so he wants to make more _. 87. qian xuesen is a famous _. 88. you dont know what to buy. let me make a _ list. 89. dont worry, mum. we are old enough to look after _. 90. the machine is used for _ informat

44、ion is called printer. 根据汉语提示，用词语的适当形式填空。1. dont forget to wash your hands _ _ ( 饭前). 2. mother told mary to _ _ ( 收好) the things and look after them. 3. the development of china and the world started to be _ _ _ (同步) after china joined the wto. 4. we _ _ _ ( 感到震惊) what have happened in iraq. 5. are

45、 you busy _ _（准备）for the important exam _ the_ _ (. 初) next month. 6. he _ _ ( 醒来) and remembered there was an important meeting. 7. mother told his son to do the work _ _ _ ( 独立). 8. please write to me when youre free. _ _ ( 越快), the better. 9. most people dont want to go travelling _ _ ( 因为) sars.

46、 10. - may i speak to mr smith? - im sorry she isnt here _ _ ( 此刻). 11. we won the match. we are _ _ ( 对.感到满意) ourselves. 12. the box is _ _ (装满) books. its too heavy for me to carry. 13. its very important to _ _ _ ( 保护好) our environment. 14. if you finish your composition, youd better _ _ ( 仔细检查)

47、it. 15. i hope everything _ _ (进展顺利). 16. _ _ (举手) if you have any problems. 17. i have never seen _ _ _ (这么大的) house before. 18. they _ _ ( 轮流) to clean the room last month, didnt they? 19. i really _ _ _ ( 感到遗憾) the animals in cages. 20. the soup smells good. may i _ _ _ ( 尝一尝) . 21. her face _ _

48、( 变红) when she heard what he said. 22. they _ _ ( 结婚) on december 25, 2002. 23. i have _ _ ( 重要的事) to tell you. 24. happy teachers day , with our _ _ ( 最良好的祝愿) . 25. a new film will be _ _ (上演) these days. so they _ _ (挂起) lots of ads for it. 26. its unpolite to _ _ ( 与 .吵架) your classmates. 27. my

49、father told me the good news_ _ _ ( 早餐时). 28. -whats your trouble? - i _ a bad _ ( 咳嗽) last night. 29. -what have you _ _ ( 处理) the cat? - i have sold it. 30. many young people like _ _ ( 交朋友 ) online. 8 义务教育英语课程标准词汇表说明： 1、本表共收约1600 个单词。 2、本词汇表不列词组和短语。3、部分可根据构词法推导出的副词、名词等不单列。4、加“ * ”号的单词只要求理解。a a(an

50、) art , *ability n , able a , about prep & ad , above prep , abroad a & ad , *absent a, *accent n , accept v , accident n , *ache n , *achieve v , across prep , act n & v , action n , active a , activity n , *add v , address n , advantage n , advertisement n , advice n , *advise v , affo

51、rd v , afraid a , after ad , prep & conj , afternoon n , again ad , against prep , age n , ago ad , agree v , *agreement n , air n , *airline , *airplane n , *airport n , alive a , all a & pron , allow v , almost ad , alone a , along ad & prep , aloud ad , already ad , also ad , although

52、 conj , always ad , america n , american a & n , among prep , *ancient a , and conj , angry a , animal n , another a & pron , answer n &v , *ant n , any pron & a , anybody pron , anyone pron , *anyway ad , anywhere ad , appear v , apple n , april n , area n , arm n , *army n , around

53、 prep & ad , arrive v , art n , *article n , as ad , conj & n , ask v , asleep a , at prep , *atlantic n & a , attention n , august n , aunt n , australia n , australian a & n , autumn n , *available a , *avoid n , *awake v , away ad b baby n , back ad & n , *background n , bad (

54、worse , worst ) a , bag n , ball n , balloon n , bamboo n , banana n , bank n , *baseball n , *basic a , basket n , basketball n , *bathroom n , be (is ,am , are , was , were ,being , been ) aux v , beach n , bear n , beat v & n , beautiful a , because conj , become (became , become ) v , bed n

55、, bedroom n , bee n , beef n , before prep , ad & conj , begin ( began ,begun ) v , *behaviour n , behind prep , believe v , bell n , below prep , beside prep , besides prep & ad , between prep , *beyond prep , big a , bike =bicycle n , bill n , bird n , *birth n , birthday n , *biscuit n ,

56、bit n , *bitter a , black a & n , blackboard n , blind a , *blood n , blow (blew , blown ) v , blue n & a , board n , boat n , body n , book n , boring a , born a , borrow v , *boss n , both pron & a , bottle n , bottom n , bowl n , box n , boy n , *brain n , brave a , bread n , break (b

57、roke , broken ) v & n , breakfast n , *breath n , breathe v , bridge n , bright a , bring (brought , brought ) v , brother n , brown n & a , brush v & n , build (built , built ) v , building n , burn (-ed/ ,-ed/burnt , burnt ) v , bus n , business n , busy a , but conj , butter n , *butt

58、erfly n , buy (bought , bought) v , by prep , bye interj c *cabbage n , cake n , call v & n , camel n , camera n , *camp n & v , can modal v canada n , *cancel v , candle n , cancer n , candy n , cap n , capital n , *captain n , car n , card n , care v & n , careful a , careless a , carr

59、y v , cat n , catch (caught , caught ) v , cause n & v , cd n , *cd rom n. , *ceiling n , celebrate v , cent n , centre n , century n , certain a , chair n, *chairman/woman n , chalk n , chance n , change v , *chant n & v , cheap a , *cheat v , check n & v , *cheer n & v , cheese n ,

60、 chemistry n , chess n , *chest n , chicken n , child (pl. children ) n , china n , chinese a & n , chocolate n , *choice n , choose (chose , chosen ) v , 9 8chopsticks n , christmas n , *church n , cinema n & v , circle n & v , city n , *clap v & n , class n , classmate n , classroom n , clean a & v , clear a , clever n , climb v , clock n , *clone v , close v & a , clothes n , cloud n , cloudy a , club n , *coach n , coal n , *coast n , coat n , coffee n , coin n , coke n , cold a & n , collect v , college