高中英语Unit17Disabilities知识精讲人教版第二册

1、高二英语第二册Unit 17 Disabilities人教版【本讲教育信息 】一.教学内容：Unit 17 Disabilities（一）重点单词（二）重点短语（三）重点句型二 . 本周知识精讲：（一）重点单词1. assist vt.帮助；援助 (assisted , assisting, assists)短语 assist (sb.)with sth.assist (sb.) in doing sth帮助某人做某事assist (sb) to do sth.1） Two studentsassistedthe professorwiththe experiment.两个学生帮助教授做这个实

2、验。2） She asked us toassistherin carrying out the plan.她请我们帮她实施那项计划。3） The new mayorassistedusto establisha new company.新市长帮我们成立了一家新公司。assistancen. 帮助；协助 (be of assistance=help)assistantn. 助手；助理1）I can t move the heavy box without yourassistance .没有你的帮助，我搬不动这只重箱子。2） Mary was accepted as theassistanto

3、f the professor.玛丽作为这位教授的助手被接受。2. adjust vt . 调整；调节；使适应；使适合1） Will youadjustthis digital camera?It doesn t work well.这个数码相机不好用，请你调一下好吗？2） You canadjustthis desktothe height of any child.这桌子可以调整，以适应任何孩子的身高。3） Moving out of the well-lit office,my eyes haven tadjusted tothe dark.刚从灯火通明的办公室出来，我的眼睛还不适应黑暗

4、。4） Itneeds some timeforthose new studentsto adjust(themselves)tothe lifeof the school.需要一段时间让新同学适应学校生活。归纳： adjustvt. “调整， 调节”， 后面直接跟名词，代词作宾语。 vi.“调整 ; 适应”常与介词to 连用。构成短语adjust (oneself)to3. participate vi.参与；参加；分享多与介词in 连用1） Eighty-seven developing countries are expected toparticipate.预计有 87 个发展中国家参

5、加。2） The women model workers activelyparticipate inlocal politics.这些女劳模积极参与当地政治。13） I am willing toparticipate inyour suffering.我愿意分担你的痛苦。participation n.参加participant n.参加者1） Now they can seek biggerparticipationin mainland.现在他们可以在大陆寻求更大的参与机会。2） Though he has retired, he is an activeparticipantin s

6、ocial work.尽管他已退休，他仍积极参与社会工作。4. accessible adj.可以使用的；可以得到的；能进入的；易受影响的；可以理解的短语 be accessibleto sb.某人容易得到A telephone is put where it will beaccessible.电话要放在容易拿到的地方。These documents are notaccessibleto the public.这些文件是大众无法得到的。A manager should beaccessibleto his/her staff.经理应该让职员感到平易近人。5. gifted adj.有天赋的

7、；有天资的；有才华的短语： have a gift for（ be gifted in/ at）有的才能They aregifted children.他们是聪慧的儿童。The childrenare gifted atsinging.孩子们有唱歌的天赋。Many thanks for thegiftyou sent me on my birthday.多谢你们在我过生日时送给我的礼物。The blind manhas a giftfor recognizing sound.盲人有识别声音的才能。6. abilityn. 能力；才能（ 1） Un. 表示“能力，行事能力”I doubt his

8、ability to dothe job.我认为他没有做这项工作的能力。（ 2）表示“有能力做某事或具备做某事的能力”常用“ ability to do sth.” 一般不用“ ability of doing sth.”She has theability to speakEnglish fluently.她能够流利地说英文。（ 3）其复数abilities表示“才能；本领；能力”He is a man of manyabilities.他是位多才多艺的人。（ 4）短语： have ability in doing“有的才干”She has great ability in teaching

9、English.她有教英文的才干。（ 5） ability 的反义词是 inability ，“没有能力或没有才能” disability “指因先天缺陷或受伤变残而导致的无能”His inabilityto speak French puts him at a disadvantage.他不会说法语，这使他很吃亏。2Physicaldisabilitycauses mental anguish.生理伤残会引起心理苦闷。Exercises :1. The chief scientist asked us to_ them in carrying through the plan.A. prov

10、ideB. encourageC. assistD. persuade2. Can I be of_?That s what I need.A. assistB. assistance C. assistantD. assisting3.You can t see through the telescope until it_your eyes.A. adjusted toB. adjusts toC. is adjustedD.isadjustedto4.Adjusting oneself_ the fire in the army is what you do at the moment.

11、A. forB. atC. byD. to5.More than ten countries_ the Iraq war, which has caused great suffering tothe local people.A. attendedB. joinedC. participated inD. made6.Young people are longing to have opportunities of_ the social activities.A. participationB. participating inC. participantsD.participating

12、by7.Some of the houses on the hillside are_ to cars.A. inaccessibleB. impossibleC. inconvenientD. inadequate8.In the classroom he doesnt finda man to ask for help.He has lostall faithin his ability_.A. to succeedB. of successC. to successD. of succeeding答案： 1. C2. B3. D4. D5. C6.B7. A8. A（二）重点短语1.Sh

13、e uses a wheelchair toget aroundand it often takes her a little longer todo everyday things.她用轮椅到处走动，在处理日常事情时，她所花的时间会比其他人稍微多一些。get around vi.（ 1）到处走动；（消息）传播出去；避开；1) He canget around/aboutagain after the leg operation.腿部手术后，他又可以走动了。2)There is a rumourgetting aroundthat the boss has fallen in love wit

14、h hissecretary.有谣传说老板爱上了他的秘书。（ 2）逃避；绕过某困难；讨好；笼络某人vt.1)It s wrong of them toget aroundthe tax.他们逃税是错误的。2)We canget aroundthe problem by building a space station.我们可以通过建立太空站来解决问题。3)He is always trying toget aroundhis heads.他总是设法讨好他的上司们。(3)get的其他短语3get along进展；相处get away离开；离去get back回来；收回get by走过；避开get

15、 down to静下心来；处理；开始认真做某事get in插话；收获get off下来；出发；动身；脱下geton 乘车；进步；相处geton withsth 继续某事 getout 公布；出版getover 越过；克服get through with完成；通过2. Maybe it is time for the rest of the society to accept me as I am andget usedto the factthat whileI may not be able towalk, there are manyother greatthingsI can do.也许

16、是时候让社会上的其他人接受像我这样的人了。他们将会习惯这个事实：虽然我不会走路，但我可以做许多其他的大事。(1)get/be used to sth习惯于某事；适应于某事(to为介词，后加n.;pron& v.-ing)1)The two foreign teachers soongot used to eatingwith chopsticks.两名外教很快就习惯用筷子吃饭了。2)It s difficult for me toget/be used tothis high-speed way of life.适应这种快节奏的生活方式对于我来说很难。（ 2） used to do s

17、th.过去常常干某事（现在不再干）There used to bea lot of trees around the villages.过去这些村庄的周围有很多树。（ 3） be used to do sth.被用来做某事Wood can be used to makefurniture and build houses.木材能用来做家具和建房屋。（ 4）It s no use doing sth. 做没用There is no need to regretforwhat has happened. It s no use cryingover spiltmilk.没有必要后悔所发生的事情，哭

18、也于事无补。课文里的其他短语：3. win/receive an rewards for获奖4.achieve/reach one s goal in life达到生活目标5. realize ones dream实现梦想6. make a contribution to society为社会做贡献7. live with忍受；与共存8.develop one s potential发挥某人的潜力9. gain self-confidence获得自信10. have sympathy for sb.同情某人Exercises :1.All the snow and ice make it di

19、fficult for old people to_ very well.A. get aroundB. turn awayC. pick upD. take off2.I have no formal clothes for the occasion. Perhaps I can _ in a dark suit.A. get aroundB. get downC. get byD. get at3.The new secretary has lived here for more than three weeks and she_the lifehere.A. has got used t

20、oB. gets used toC. was used toD.isgetting used to4.He_ go to work by bus, but now he _riding a bicycle to work.4wish thatA. used to; used toB. used to; is used toC. is used to; used toD. is used to; is used to5. I_ to be quite afraid to live in that country, but now I have_ to thelifethere.A. used;

21、been usedB. used; usedC. was used; got usedD. get used; been used（三）重点句型1. but Iwishthey wouldn t treat me as if I were a child.但是我希望他们不要把我看成小孩子。但愿；要是就好了We wishitwere spring all year round.要是一年到头都是春天就好了。Iwish the committeewould be set up tomorrow.但愿委员会明天就成立。I wish I had seenthe Foreign Minister at t

22、he press meeting yesterday.我要是昨天在记者招待会上见到外交部长就好了。归纳： wish 后的宾语从句要用虚拟语气，表示未能实现或不能实现的愿望，即与现实相反的主观设想。与现在相反时从句中用一般过去时形式；与过去相反时，从句中使用“had+过去分词”；与将来事实相反时，从句中用“would/could/might/should+动词原形”。拓展：与 wish 相同的句型：(1) If only句型中也用虚拟语气表示“要是多好”。 与现在事实相反时，动词用过去时形式；与过去事实相反时，动词用“had+过去分词”；表示与将来事实相反时，动词用“ would/could/m

23、ight/should+动词原形”If onlyIhadmore time to think about this problem.我要是能有更多的时间考虑这个问题就好了。If only I hadnt lost my wallet.我要是没有丢失钱包该多好呀。If only we could graduatefrom university this year.如果我们今年毕业就好了。(2) as if (as though ) “似乎；好像”此句型可引导方式状语从句，从句中可用陈述语气表示可能符合事实的情况，也可用虚拟语气，表示与事实不符或与事实相反的情况。a. 表示与现在的事实不符，用一般

24、过去时。The teacher treats the pupils as if they were her own child.这位老师对待这些学生就像她自己的亲生孩子一样。b. 表示与过去事实不相符，用过去完成时。Mary spoke in such a wayas if she had grown up.玛丽说话的方式好像她已经长大了。c.表示与将来的事实不符，用would/might/could /should+动词原形It looks as if it might rain.天看上去好像要下雨。 （不大可能下雨）比较：5He looks as if he were young.看样子他

25、好像很年轻。 （实际上他不年轻）He looks as if he is young.看样子他好像很年轻。 （用陈述语气表示他就是年轻）注意： as if 引导的方式状语从句可用省略形式，后面接名词、形容词、副词和介词短语，也可跟分词或不定式。1） The wounded soldier opened his mouthas if to speak.那个受伤的战士张开嘴巴好像要说话。2） His eldest son actedas if a fool.他的大儿子表现得像个傻子。3） The old woman set upon the thiefas if mad.那个老妇人发疯似地扑向小偷

26、。4） She talked to the stranger while walking,as if absent-mindedly.她边走边应付着那个陌生人，好像心不在焉。5） He opened the archive,as if in search of some militant information.他打开档案，好像要搜索什么重要军事情报。6） The boy is runningimpatientlyhere and thereas ifsearchingforsomethinglost on the sports ground.这个男孩子急躁地跑来跑去，好像在找丢在操场上的什么

27、东西。7） The football player is rolling on the groundas if hurt badly in the leg.那个足球运动员在地上滚来滚去，好像是腿部受了重伤。 as if也可引导表语从句，用在look, seem, smell, taste, sound等联系动词后，可用陈述语气或虚拟语气；如从句表示的情况不是事实，通常用虚拟语气。It looksas ifwe aregoing tomiss the train.好像我们赶不上火车了。You lookas ifyou wereat least ten years younger.你看上去好像至少

28、年轻了十岁。Exercises:1. We wish you _with us, but we know how busy you are.A. would have comeB. could comeC. could be comingD. had come2. How I wish I_ you about the good news earlier.A. could tellB. had toldC. will tellD.have told3. Look at the trouble I am in! If only I_ your advice.A. followedB. would

29、 followC. had followedD.should follow4. When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it_.A. breaksB. has brokenC. were brokenD. had been broken5. He was working hard as if he_ last week.A. wasnt illB. wouldnt be illC. hadnt been illD. isn t ill6. The two girls talked as if they _frien

30、ds for years.A. should beB. would beC. have beenD. had been6翻译：7. 但愿我再年轻一次就好了。_.8. 我希望能飞到月球上度假。_.9. He walked_(好像是喝醉了 ).10.The young man with long hair_(看上去像个女的 ).11.He looked_(好像已经知道一些情况).答案： 1. B2. B3. C4. C5. C6.D7. I wish I were young again.8. I wish I could fly to the moon for holiday.9. as if

31、he had been drunk.10. looks as if he were a girl.11. as if he had known something about it.2.They need recognition,more thansympathy and help.A. “ more than 名词”表示“不仅仅是”、“不只是”1)Modern science is more than a large amount of information.现代科学不仅仅是指大量的信息。2) Jack is more than a lecturer, he is a writer, to

32、o.杰克不仅是讲师，他还是一名作家。B. “more than 数词，表示“超过”，相当于over3)I have known David for more than 20 years.我认识大卫二十多年了。4) The old man standing over there is over /more than 60.站在那里的那位老人六十多岁了。C. “ more than 形容词”相当于“很”或“非常”的意思5)In doing scientific experiments, one must be more than careful with the instruments.在做科学实

33、验时，必须十分小心实验器具。6)I assure you I am more than glad to help you.我会让你相信，我很乐意帮你。D. 在“ more.than. ”中，肯定“ more”后面的而否定“ than ”后面的，相当于“是而不是” “与其说不如说”7) This book seems to be more a manual than a text.这本书似乎是一本手册，而非课本。8)Hearing the loud noise, the boy was more surprised than frightened.听到那声巨响，那个男孩很吃惊而不是害怕。3. W

34、hile I may not be able to walk, there are many other great things I can do.连词 while 大致有以下五种用法：7（ 1）引导时间状语从句 , 意为 " 当的时候；和同时 ", 此时的主从句谓语动作同时发生 , 从句谓语通常是延续性动词。如 :1 ） Mary watched TV while she ate her supper.玛丽边吃饭边看电视。2） While she was listening to the radio, she fell asleep.她听着收音机睡着了。注意： whil

35、e 引导从句时 , 如主从句的主语一致 , 且从句谓语又含有be, 则从句主语和 be可省略。 while 后可直接跟现在分词、名词、形容词或介词短语。如:1） We are teachers while (we are) serving as students.我们边当老师边当学生。2） While (he was) yet a youth, he gained many prizes.他年轻时就曾多次获奖。3） He caught a cold while(he was) on vacation.他度假时患了感冒。（ 2）表示对比或转折 , 意为 " 而 ; 然而 "

36、。此时 ,while一般位于句中。1） Some people waste food while others haven't enough.有些人浪费粮食 , 然而有些人却吃不饱。2） You like sports, while I prefer music.你喜欢体育 , 而我更喜欢音乐。（ 3）表示让步 , 通常位于句首 , 意为 " 尽管 ; 虽然 " 。如 : 1 ） While I agree with your reasons, I can't allow it.尽管我同意你的理由，但我不能允许你这样做。2） While he loves h

37、is students, he is very strict with them.虽然他爱他的学生们，可是他对学生们很严格。3） While (he was) respected, he is not liked.他虽受人尊敬 , 但并不被人喜欢。（ 4） . 表示条件 , 意为 " 只要 ", 其意思和用法相当于 as long as。 while 可位于句首 , 也可位于句中。1） You don't have to worry while we are here.只要我们在，你就不用担心。2） There will be life while there is

38、 water and air.只要有空气和水 , 就有生命。3） While there is life, there is hope.留得青山在，不怕没柴烧。（5）.意为"趁着"。如:1） Make hay while the sun shines.晒草要趁阳光好。莫失良机。( 谚 )2） Strike while the iron is hot.趁热打铁。 ( 谚 )3） While the roses are yet in bloom, will you come with me to see them?趁玫瑰花还开着 , 你和我一道去看看好吗？4. It's

39、 very important for us to know that someone far away is also strugglingas we are.5. I've learnt to live with my body as it is and adjusted my way of life.【典型例题】81._I admit thatthereare problems,I dontagree thatthey cantbe solved.A. WhenB. WhileC. AsD. Since2._you know your potential,you have tor

40、elyon many otherpeopletoget whereyou are.A. WhileB. SinceC. IfD. Where3. Tourism,_ it brings in money to a company, can also result in damage to the World Heritage sites there.A. becauseB. asC. whileD. since4. It's hard_ him_ change his mind.A. of you to make; toB. for you to make;/C. for you to

41、 make; toD. of you making;/Unit 18 Inventions预习导学一、本单元重点单词和短语。1. friendly adj.友好的2. advantage n. 有利条件；优点；优势；好处；利益3. decide vt.决定；解决；判决；使下决心vi. 决定；判定4. born adj.出生于；天生的5. throughout prep.遍及；贯穿 adv. 到处，始终6. create vt.创造；创作；引起；产生；造成7. realise vt.认识到；领会；了解；实现（愿望或目的）；变卖（财产）8. highly adv.高度地9. reject vt.抛

42、开；丢弃；拒绝；抵制10. apply v. 应用；使用；适用；申请11. remain vi.剩下；剩余；留下；逗留；保持；仍是12. attempt vt.& n.尝试；企图；试图13. deepen vi.加深 vt. 使变深；加重14. exchange vt.交换；以换；调换；兑换n. 交换；兑换15. similar adj.类似的；相似的16. otherwise adv.否则；要不然17. respectful adj.尊敬人的18. think about思考；考虑；想起19. allow for考虑到；把计算在内20. be aware of意识到21. after

43、 all毕竟；到底22. now that既然；由于23. instead of而不是；代替24. in society在社会上二、句型聚焦观察下列句子，试着归纳加粗部分所包含的句型结构1. .andmake it easier to discovernew possibilities._.92.By thinking about the waywe think and practising good thinking strategies,we can become more creative._.3.To “think outside the box”is to trynew ways t

44、o solve a problem._.4.As with thinking outside the box, the process includes a series of differentattempts and several false starts._.5.A drawing or a model will helpyou see things that may otherwise remain hidden._.【模拟试题】 （答题时间： 40 分钟）一、完形填空Makingfriendsisa skill.Likemostskills,itimproves with _1_.

45、Ifyouwant to meet people and make friends, you must be able to take _2_. You mustfirst go _3_ there are people. You won t make friends staying home alone._4 a clubora group,fortalkingwith thosewho _5_ the same interestsas you do is easier. _6_ join someone in some activity.Many peopleare_7_ when tal

46、king topeople._8_, meeting strangersmeans facingtheunknown. And it s human _9_ tofeela bituncomfortableaboutthe unknown.Most of our fears about dealing with new people come from _10_ aboutourselves. We _11_ other people are judging us, finding us too small or tooshort,toothisor toothat._12_ don tforgetthatthey must be feelingthesame way. Try toacceptyourself_13_ you are,and trytoput theotherpersonsat ease. You ll fee