现在完成时用法

1、精品资料欢迎下载现在完成时 (1)基本结构 ：肯定句 :have/has+过去分词 (done)+其他否定句： have+not/havent+过去分词 (done) +其他has+not/ hasnt+过去分词 (done) +其他一般疑问句及回答： Have/Has+主语 +过去分词 +其他Yes, 主语 +have/has.(肯定 )No, 主语 +haven't/hasn't.(否定 )一、表示在过去不确定的时间里发生的对现在造成影响的动作或结果。I have already spent all of my money.含(义是 :现在我没有钱花了 )Guo zijun

2、 has just come. 含(义：郭子君现在在这儿)My father has gone to work.(含义是 :我爸爸现在不在这儿 )过去分词1 、规则动词：规则动词的过去分词的构成规则与规则动词的过去式的构成规则相同。四点变化规则：(1)、一般动词，在词尾直接加“ ed。”work-worked-worked ,visit-visited-visited(2)、以 “ e 结”尾的动词，只在词尾加“ d 。”live-lived-lived ,(3)、以 “辅音字母 + y 结”尾的动词，将 "y" 变为 "i" ，再加 “ ed 。” s

3、tudy-studied-studied ,cry-cried-cried(4)、重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母，先双写该辅音字母，再加“ ed 。”stop-stopped-stopped , drop-dropped-dropped2、不规则动词：do-did-donego-went-gonecome-came-comehave-had-hadsee-saw-seenbe-was/were-been精品资料欢迎下载句型转换：1. He has already gone home.( 否定句)( 疑问句)_(肯定回答 )_( 否定回答 )2. He has had lunch at h

4、ome.( 否定句)( 疑问句)_(肯定回答 )_( 否定回答 )3. He has finished his homework.( 划线提问 )_4. I have had lunch at school. ( 划线提问 )_5. I _ told him the news.（have/has）6. She _ come back from school.(have/has)7. He has visited the Great Wall.( 划线提问 )_8. She has studied English for many years(. 划线提问 )_9. Tom has seen t

5、he film.( 划线提问 )_10. I have washed the clothes(. 划线提问 )_精品资料欢迎下载现在完成时 (2)表示在过去不确定的时间里发生的对现在造成影响的动作或结果 , 常与时间副词already（已经） ，yet（还、已经） ，just(刚刚、仅仅 ) ，ever（曾经） ，never（从不） ，before（以前）等连用。1. already 意为 “已经 ”，通常用于肯定句中，可放在助动词之后，过去分词之前，也可以放在句末。实例：Ive already read this book.Ive washed my clothes already2. ye

6、t 用在疑问句中意为 “已经 ”，用在否定句中意为 “还 ”，常放在句末。实例： Has he found his watch yet？ No，not yetThe woman hasn't found her dog yet3. just 意为 “刚刚 ”，表示行为刚刚过去，常放在助动词与过去分词之间。实例：He has just come back from school4. ever意为 “曾经 ”，放在助动词与过去分词之间。实例：Have you ever been to Hong Kong？I haven t ever spoken to her5. never意为 “从来没

7、有 ”常与 before 连用（ before要放在句尾， 而 never 多放在助动词与过去分词之间。实例：I have never travelled by plane before6. before意为 “以前 ”，指过去不确定的某个时间，总是放在句末，不受句型的限制。实例：Have you ever been to Hainan before？I haventeaten Guangdong food before精品资料欢迎下载把 already，yet，just，ever， never，before 放在句中适当的位置。1、 Jim has finished doing his ho

8、mework. (already)_2、My father has been to the Great Wall before. (never)_3、She hasnt seen the new film.(yet)_4、She has been to Shanghai before.(ever)_5. Have you found your watch?(yet)_6. -Are you thirsty?-No I have had some orange juice.(just)_7. We have returned (return) the book.(already)_8. I ha

9、ventfinished my homework. (yet) Can you help me?_9. My father have read the novel.(ever)_10.Ive arrived by train.(just)_不规则动词：do-_-_go-_-_come-_-_have-_-_see-_-_be-_-_read-read-readeat-ate-eatenspeak-spoke-spokenfind-found-foundget-got-gotten/gotwin-won-won精品资料欢迎下载现在完成时 (3)用法二：现在完成时可以用来表示发生在过去某一时刻的

10、,持续到现在的动作或状态，常与 for（ +时间段）， since（+时间点或过去时的句子）连用 , 对 for和 since 引导的时间状语提问要用 How longfor + 段时间since+过去一个时间点（译为：自从 以来）since+时段 +agosince+句子（过去时）1) I've lived here for 16 years. I've lived here since 1990I've lived here since 16 years ago.Mr Wang has lived in the factory since he came to th

11、e city2) I haven't seen him for three years我三年没有看见他了。= I haven't seen him since 2013.= since three years ago=I haven't seen him since I saw him last time in 2013.练习 A) （用 for 或 since 填空）1. He has lived in Nanjing _ two years ago.2. I ve known him _ we were children.3. Our teacher has stu

12、died Japanese _ three years.4. She has been away from the city _ about ten years.5. It has been ten years _ she left the city.B)（完成下列句子）1. 她在这所教学已经有五年了。She_ at this school _ .She_ at this school _ .自从她来到这所城市，她就在这所学校教学。She_ at this school _ .2. 从 2006 年， 他就在这里工作。He_ here _.精品资料欢迎下载He_ here _.自从他来这里以来

13、，他就在这家工厂工作。He_ here _ .3. He has lived in the small town for 20 years.对(划线部分提问 )_ .4. Wu Dong _(be) a soldier for one year.5. The students _(study) in the middle school since last month.6. How long _ you _(know) him?7. Mike _ (make) quite a few friends since he came to China.8. These children _ (sta

14、y) in the park for two hours.9. I have been to Macau before.改(为否定句 )I _ _ been to Macau before.10 .He has learned English for 5 years就.(划线部分提问 )_ _ _ _ learned English ?11. I bought a new bike just now.(用 just 改写 ) I _ just _ a new bike.do-_-_go-_-_come-_-_have-_-_see-_-_be-_-_read-_-_eat-_-_ find-_

15、-_ get-_-_win-_-_ speak-_-_teach-taught-taughtsing-sang-sungdrink-drank-drunkswim-swam-swumbegin-began-begunrun-ran-run精品资料欢迎下载现在完成时用法 (4)have gone to, have been to, have been inhave gone to指去某地还没回来。have been to指到过某地且已经回来，可以和once, twice, three times, often,never, ever连用，也可和 just，never， ever 等连用。have

16、 been in指一直待在某地，常与 for, since 时间状语连用例如：1. Where is Jim？ He has gone to England.2. My father has been to Beijing twice.3. I have been in Shanghai for three years.用 have been to, have gone to，have been in的各种形式填空。1. Where are the boys?They _ the teachersoffice.2. My father _ Japan twice.3. Tom _ China

17、since 1998.4. She_ never_ London before.5. How long _you_ London?6. Where _ you , Lily? I_ the bookshop and bought many books.7. Jack, I haven t seen your brother for a long time. He _ Shanghai on business for two months.二、翻译下列句子：1. 格林先生在北京已经有 10 年了。_2. 你曾经去过美国吗？去过，我去过三次。_3. 玛丽哪去了？她去超市了。_精品资料欢迎下载一、选

18、择题。1.We have been friends since _.A. childrenB. five yearsC. five years ago D. five years before2.You _ that question three times.A. already askedB. have already askedC. already have askedD. asked already3.Those foreign friends left Guangzhou _.A. since last weekB. a week agoC. for a weekD. since a

19、week ago4.I _ at this school for two years.A. am studyingB. studyC. studiedD. have studied5.They _ in the city since last summer.A. liveB. didn t liveC. have livedD. live6.Mrs. Wang has lived in Haikou _ 1992.A. sinceB. fromC. afterD. in二、用动词的适当形式填空。1. _ you _ (read) today s newspaper yet?2. They _a

20、lready_(do) their homework.3. -_ you _ (see) the film last night?-No, I _ (see) it for several times.4. She _ (be) ill for three days.5. My father _ ( buy) a book for me yesterday.6. She_ (never read) this book before.7. _ you ever _ (travel) on a train before?8. - _ Wei Hua _ (come) yet?-Yes. She_

21、(come) already. She _ (come) just now.9. -How long _you _(learn) English?-For more than two years.10. They _ (live) in China since they _ (move) to China.现在完成时 (5)精品资料欢迎下载延续性动词和终止性动词延续性动词表示能够延续的动作。如 ：study, work, stand, lie, know, walk, keep, have, wait,watch, sing, read, sleep, live, stay等。延续性动词可以与

22、for+ 段时间 ，since+ 过去时间点/ ago/ 过去时的句子连用。He has lived here for 6 years.I stayed there for 2 weeks last year.终止性动词You can keep the book for 5 days. How long did you stay there last year?也称非延续性动词、瞬间动词或点动词，表示不能延续的动作,这种动作发生后立即结束 。 如:open, die, close, begin, finish, come, go, move, borrow, lend, buy, arrive

23、等。终止性动词 在现在完成时中的用法：1 ）终止性动词可用来表示某一动作的完成，因此可用于现在完成时。The plane has arrived飞机到了。I have finished my homework我已完成了作业。2 ）终止性动词表示的动作极其短暂，不能持续，所以其现在完成时, 不能和表示一段时间的状语连用。 如： 他死了三年了。误 ：He has died for three years 他来这儿三个月了。误 ：he has come here for three months 两句中的动词die 和 come 都为终止性动词，它们可用于完成时，但不能同表示一段时间的状语 for

24、three years months连用。那这两句如何译成英语呢？我们可采用下列方法：A 用能够表示持续状态的相应的延续性动词替换句中的终止性动词。如： He has been dead for three years He has been here for three monthsB. 把时间状语改为表示过去的时间状语，把现在完成时改为一般过去时。如： He died three years ago精品资料欢迎下载 He came here three months ago两者的转换 :leave - be away( from),borrow - keep,buy - have,begi

25、n/start - be on,die - be dead,finish - be over,get up-be up,come here - be here,go there - be there,become - be,come back - be back,get to/ arrive/reach - be (in),go (get) out be，output on wearcatch a cold have a cold,join - be in+/ be a member of+,根据提示完成句子1. 他的爷爷去世三年了。His grandfather_ 3 years ago.H

26、is grandfather has_ _ _ 3 years.2. 你买这辆自行车有多长时间了？How long have you_the bike?3. 我买这本故事书三年了。I have _this story book_three years.4.他参军十年了He _the Army（军队） ten years ago.He has _ _the Army for 10 years.5. The film began two minutes ago.（同义句）The film _ _ _ for _ _.6. I bought a pen two hours ago.（同义句）I _

27、_ a pen for _ _.7. He left Fuzhou just now. （同义句）He _ _ _ _ Fuzhou for five minutes.8. He came back two years ago.He _ _ _ for _ _.9. He arrived Beijing five minutes ago.He _ _ _ Beijing for _ _.现在完成时用法 (7)一、单项选择精品资料欢迎下载1. Mary_ to see the film tomorrow because she_ it twice.A. won t go, sawB. won t

28、 go, will seeC. won t go, has seenD. didn t go, sees2.- Would you like some more food?-Thank you. I _ enough（足够） .A. will haveB. have hadC. haveD. had3. - _ you _ England?-Yes, it_a beautiful country.A. Will, gone to, wasB. Have, been to, isC. Had, been to, isD. Have, gone to, is4. -_ you_ to Beijin

29、g?-No, I _. I _ there early next month.A. Have, been, haven t, am goingB. Had, been, hadn t, am goingC. Have, gone, haven t, was goingD. Did, go, didn t, was going5. -You sister_ to London to study English. Is that true?-Yes , she_ there for two months.A. has been, has beenB. will go, has goneC. gon

30、e, will beD. has gone, has been6.He has a computer of his own. He_ it two days agoA. boughtB. is bringC. will bringD. has bought7.Where is Li Lei? He _ Shanghai.A. has gone toB. has been toC. went toD. goes to8.David _ Shanghai for more than three months.A. came toB. has been toC. has been inD. has

31、come to9.- Is your father a Party member?- Yes, he_ the Party(党) three years ago. He _ a Party member for three years.A. joined; has beenB. has joined; has beenC. was joined; isD. joined; was10. It _ ten years since he left the army . is. has. will. was二、根据要求完成句子。精品资料欢迎下载1. He has lived here since 1

32、999就.(划线部分提问 )_ _ _ he_ here?2. They have already finished the work（.否定句）They _ _ the work _.3. My father got there two days ago（.同义句）My father _ _ _ for two days.4. Mr. Li began to teach English in this school in 1999（.同义句）Mr. Li _ _ English in this school since 1999.5.They have cleaned the room tw

33、ice this week.就(划线部分提问 )_ _ _ _ they _ the classroom this week?6. My father went to England in 2003 and 2005.（同义句）My father _ _ _ England _.7. John left Beijing three years ago.（同义句）John_ _ _ _ Beijing_ three years.8. My father bought the car half a year ago（.同义句） My father _ _ the car _ half a year

34、.9. The film began ten minutes ago.（同义句）The film _ _ _ for ten minutes.10. I borrowed this book two weeks ago.（同义句）I _ _ this book for two weeks.Notes: 某事发生已经有多长时间了A 用“ It is has been一段时间 since（一般过去时）”结构。如： It is has been three years since he died It is has been three months since he came hereB用“多长时

35、间 has passedsince（一般过去时）”结构。如： Three years has passed since he died Three months has passed since he came here现在完成时用法 (8) ：现在完成时的时间状语 alreadynevereverjustyetbefore精品资料欢迎下载 sincefor in the past/last few weeks/years/months/days up to now/till now （直到现在 ）so far （到目前为止；迄今为止 ） lately recently ( 近来，最近 )现在

36、完成时还往往可以同包括现在时间在内的时间状语连用, 如 now, today, thismorning/week/month/year等 :1. Peter has written six papers so far.2. Mary has now learned to operate the machine.3. There has been too much rain in Beijing this year.4. Up to now everything has been successful.5. Shijiazhuang has changed a lot in the past/l

37、ast 3 years.6. I haven't seen him recently.7. I've only recently started learning French.一、单项选择1. Jim Green _ in China for two years.A. has comeB. has beenC. has arrivedD. came2. The film _ for half an hour.A. has been onB. has begunC. hasn t begunD. began3. Where have you _ these days？ I ha

38、ve _to Beijing with my friendsA. been； goneB. been；beenC. gone； beenD. gone；gone4. How long have you _ this book？A. boughtBborrowedC hadDlent5 I have watched the game When _you _ it？A have；watchedBdo；watchC did； watchDwill ； watch6Miss Brown _ to the Great Wall twiceA have beenBhas beenChave goneD h

39、as gone7.His brother has been to Stone Forest twice _ he came to YunnanA afterBbeforeCsinceDfor精品资料欢迎下载8His grandpa _ for two yearsA was diedBhas been deadC was deadD has died9 Have you ever_ to Haikou？ Yes， I_ there with my family last AugustA gone；wentB been； wentCbeen；went toDbeen；was in10. His s

40、ister _ her hometown for three years. She'll return next yearA leftBhas leftChas been awayDhas been away from11. The famous writer _ one new book in the past two years . . is writing.was writing.wrote. has written12.Our country _ a lot so far .Yes . I hope it will be even _ . . has changed ; wel

41、l. changed ; good . has changed ; better. changed ; better二、翻译下面的句子。1. 我刚刚丢了我的英语书。_2. 我以前从来没去过那个公园。_3. 你已经看过这部电影了吗？_4. 他学英语已经多长时间了？_5. 他离开中国二十年了。_6. 自从 1992 年以来，他就住这儿了。_现在完成时用法 (9) ：使用现在完成时的句型精品资料欢迎下载1）It is the first / second time that ，that 从句要用现在完成时，表示某人第几次做某事。It is the first time that I have vis

42、ited the city.这是我第一次参观这个城市。It is the third time that the boy has been late this week.这是他本周第三次迟到。2）This is the that结构， that 从句要用现在完成时，表示某人做过的最的事情。This is the best film that I've (ever) seen.这是我看过的最好的电影。Harry Potter is the most interesting book I've ever reard.一、用动词的适当形式填空。1. I_ already _ (see) the film. I _ (see) it la