上海博物馆文物术语中英文对照

1、瓷器品种陶pottery瓷 porcelain / China原始瓷 proto-porcelain成熟青瓷 mature celadon高温瓷 high-fired glazed ware低温陶 low-fired pottery新石器时代 Neolithic Times夹炭黑陶 charcoal-mixed black pottery印纹硬陶 impressed pottery铅釉陶 lead-glazed pottery熏炉 incense burner罐 jar单色釉 monochrome glaze彩色釉陶 poly-chrome glazed pottery颜色釉 color po

2、rcelain青白釉 porcelain with a bluish-white glaze豆青釉 bean-green建窑黑釉瓷 temmokou青瓷 green ware绿釉 green glaze白釉 white glaze红釉 red glaze青釉 celadon德化白瓷 blanc de China甜白瓷 sweet white秘色瓷 secrete color celadon定窑 Ding ware汝窑 Ru ware官窑 Guan ware (还有一个官窑，意义不同，为窑 kiln民窑 folk kilnofficial kiln )哥窑开片 crackles三足tri-leg

3、ged青花瓷 underglaze blue design / blue and white porcelain釉里红 underglazed red青花釉里红 underglaze blue & red釉上彩 overglazed 珊瑚红 coral red glazed 郎窑红 oxblood豇豆红 cowpea-red / peach-bloom porcelain斗彩contrasting color / designs outlined in underglaze blue and filled in withoverglaze colors五彩famille verte粉彩

4、famille rose珐琅彩 enamel decorate卵白 egg-white glaze影青瓷 light-blue porcelain祭红 sacrificial-red porcelain制作工艺胎体clay body陶片pottery shards弦纹 with string pattern镂孔 with openwork design人形 with human figure pattern曲折纹 with zigzag pattern圆圈纹 with ring pattern鸟纹 with bird pattern缠枝纹 with interlaced floral desi

5、gn刻花 with carved design划花 with incised design堆塑 with modeled design堆贴、贴花 with applied design印花 with moulded design剔花 with raffito desig n几何纹with geometric pattern透雕 openwork露胎贴 un glazed applique绞胎 marbled pottery堆纹 modeling压印 impressing贴印 appliqu e加彩 coloring剔地 cut-off ground剪纸贴花 papercut油滴斑 oil-dr

6、op iron crystals白地黑花 black design on a white ground元素 agent (such as copper, iron)碎片 fragment灰胎黑陶衣 grey clay with a black coating烧成温度 firing temperature光泽 luster苏麻离 Smalt黑斑speckle粗瓷石 crude China stone涩胎瓷雕 unglazed ceramic sculpture雕刻engrave加工refining成型modeling装饰decorating烧成fining补水water-supplying勾线d

7、rawing打箍hooping分水dark-light-processing青花料 cobalt龙窑 dragon kiln柴窑wood kiln炉膛hearth氧化期 oxidation period陈腐aging揉泥kneading拉坯throwing修坯trimming印模impressing云母mica内底interior base支钉spur芒口unglazed rim碗口mouth rim覆烧up-side-down firing叠烧up-stacked firing青铜器镏金 gilt bronze爵 wine vessel鼎 food vessel（所有的青铜器名称不宜用拼音介

8、绍， 最好介绍其用途）兽面纹 animal mask戈 dagger-axe饰品 ornament范 clay molds分铸 casting in several pours合金铸造 bimetallic casting雕塑舍利 sarira袈裟 Gauze Kasaya莲瓣纹 with carved lotus petals窖藏 hoard画像石 painted stone relief拜火教 parseeism陶俑 pottery figurine / pottery木俑painted wood天王Lokapala / heavenly guardian镇墓兽 tomb guardian beast辟邪evil spirit exorciser石碑stele泥塑clay绘画水墨画 ink and wash壁画fresco图卷hand scroll图册album leaves图轴hanging scroll高僧lofty monks人的）字 designated name人的）号 literary name墓室coff