2020高考英语知识点总结

1、2020 高考英语知识点总结2020 高考就要到来了，英语知识点同学们都掌握了吗？如果还没有可要抓经时间 了。下面就是小编给大家带来的 高考英语知识点总结，希望能帮助到大家！ 高考英语知识点总结 1一、短语归纳1. take after 长相或举止像 （某个长辈 ）（不用进行时 ）Mary really takes after her mother;she has the same eyes ， nose and hair. 玛丽 真像她妈妈，眼睛、鼻子和头发都一个样。2. take apart 把（小型机器、钟表等 ）拆开;拆散;（在体育运动或比赛中 ）把 彻底 打败;对苛求;严厉批评 Ta

2、ke the watch apart and see if you can see whats wrong with it. 把手表拆开来看看你能不能检查出什么毛病。England was really taken apart by Italy in last night在s昨 m晚at的ch比. 赛中，英格兰队可谓给意大利队打得溃不成军了。3. take as 看作，认为 （=regard / consider / look on / treat as）I took your nod as a sign of approval. 我把你的点头看作是同意的表示了。4. take away 拿走

3、;使停学，使离开 ;使消失;减去 The child was taken away（ 辍 学）from school. Now I ll give you some tablets to take away使（ 消失）the pain.Take away（ 减去 ）2 from 4 and you get 2.take away from 贬低（有益或令人满意之事物 ）的作用 His refusal to accept the prize does not take away from his success in winning it. 他拒绝领奖无损于他赢得此 奖的斐然成绩。5. take

4、 back 承认说错了 （话），收回（诺言、话语 ）;使回忆起 ;送回，还回去 ;退（货） I m sorry I was rude;I take back everything I s aid. 对不起我失礼了，我承认我所 说的全都错了。Seeing that old film really took me back! 观看那部旧电影的确使我回想起了过去 的岁月。6. take down 拿下，取下 ;记下来 ;褪下（裤子等穿于腰以下的衣物 ）;把（大型机器或 大物件）拆成零部件;把拆卸开（tear down 推倒;拆毁 pull down 拆毁）When the picture was t

5、aken down ，the wall looked very bare. 把那幅画取下来 后墙壁就显得毫无装饰了。Well have to take the engine down to get to the gearbox. 我们得先拆卸发动机， 才能接触到变速箱。7. take in 接待 （某人）留宿 ;欺瞒，欺骗 ;充分理解，掌握 ;把（衣服）改窄（let out 加宽， 放长，加大 ）;包含，包括 He had nowhere to sleep so we offered to take him in. 他没 有地方可睡，我们于是就提出让他留宿。Don t be taken in

6、by his promises. 不要被他的许诺所蒙骗 !It took me a long time to take in what you were saying.我费了好长时间才弄明白你所说的话。My dress is a bit loose round the waist could you take it in for me? 我衣服的腰 围有点宽松，你能给我改窄一些吗 ?This is the total cost of the holiday ，taking everything in. 这是度假的全部费用， 一切都包括在内。8. take off 脱下，脱去 （尤指衣服）;解（

7、拿）掉（put on 穿上）;（飞机等）升空，起飞 ;休假; 歇（ 天）假;请假;开始有成就 ;开始受欢迎 ;开始成名 ;打折扣;（尤指为了逗笑而 ）模仿（某 人）的谈吐、举止等 Im taking Thursday off because I'm moving into a new ho我use.星期四休假，因为我要搬家。It was at this point that her acting career really took off. 正是从这个时候起，她的 表演生涯真正开始走红了。His shopkeeper took off 5 percent discount for e

8、ach. 他的店员把每样东西都打折 了 5%. The actor made everyone laugh by taking off the members of the royal family. 这个演员模仿某些王室成员，结果逗引得人人发笑。9. take on 开始雇用;开始具有/ 呈现（某种品质、面貌等 ）;露出;接受（工作等）;承担 （责任等 ）;开始和争吵（斗殴、作对、较量等 ）Weve decided to take on a new clerk in the accounts department.我们已决定在会计部雇用一名新职员。His face took on a wor

9、ried expression. 他的脸上露出了担忧的表情。My doctor says I m too tired and has advised me not to take any more work on.医生说我疲劳过度，劝我不要再干更多的工作The trade union made the mistake of trying to take on the government.工会犯了 试图和政府抗争的错误。The bus took on more passengers. 公共汽车搭载更多乘客了。10. take out 带（某人）去（某处参加社交活动等 ）;正式取得，领得，获得

10、;洗去 （污迹）， 使褪色 I m taking the children out to the theatre tonight. 今晚我带孩子们去看戏。Mary and John took out a marriage license. 玛丽和约翰正式领了结婚证。He took out the pencil marks from his drawing. 他擦去了他的画上的铅笔迹。11. take over 接手，接任 ;接管Who do you think will take over now that the governor has been dismissed?州长已被免职，你看会由

11、谁来接任呢 ?12. take to （尤指立刻）对产生好感，喜欢上 ;染上习惯（嗜好等）;到（某处）休 息;到躲藏;逃往 I took to Paul as soon as we met. 我一见到保罗就对他有好感。All this gloomy news is enough to make you take to drink. 所有这些令人沮丧的 消息都足以使人酗起酒来。Father s ，ill so he's taken to his bed. 爸爸病了，因此卧床休息了。13. take up 开始花时间从事 （某项活动 ）;对产生兴趣 ;开始学习（某课程），选 修;（事物或事

12、件）占用了（时间或空间）;接受的建议;继续 John took up acting while he was at college. 约翰在上大学时开始喜欢上演戏了。The job took up most of Sunday. 这项工作占用了大半个星期天。Why dont you take him up on his offer of a meal? 你为什么不接受他的邀请去吃 饭呢?I ll take up the story where I finished yesterday. 这个故事我会从昨天讲完的地方 继续讲下去。14. take for / to be错）当 （ 作，以为是 （

13、mistake for ）I took him for his brother. They are extremely alike. 我把他误作是他弟弟，他们 很像。15. take a chance 碰碰运气，冒 风险16. take a deep / long breath 深吸一口气 （以鼓起勇气或仔细考虑 ）17. take a hand in 干预18. take a load / weight off sb.使s m放i心nd / 安心19. take a risk / risks 冒风险20. take a seat 坐下21. take a vote 投票表决22. take

14、an interest in 对 有兴趣23. take steps / measures to do sth. 采取措施做某事24. take action (on)( 对)采取行动25. take advantage of 利用;占的便宜 ;不正当地利用26. take aim (at) 瞄准27. take by surprise 奇袭;出其不意地做某事 ;使 惊奇28. take care 当心(= look out / be careful )29. take care of 照顾，料理 ;处理，对付 ;当心30. take charge of 负责 ;接管31. take cold

15、 感冒，伤风32. take control of 控制住，管住33. take delight / pleasure in 以 为乐;喜欢34. take effect 开始起作用 ;开始生效35. take for granted 想当然地认为 (会是某种情况 );认为 是理所当然的 ;认 为没有问题36. take for instance / example 以 为例37. take hold of 抓住 ;吸引住38. take into account / consideration 考虑到，把 考虑进去39. take it / things easy 慢慢来，不要过于紧张 /

16、劳累，沉住气40. take it or leave it 要不要都行 ;要么要，要么不要 ;不要还价41. take note (of) 把 记下来42. take notice (of) 注意 ;理会43. take notes 作记录 ;记笔记44. take / come into office 就职，上任45. take one s breath awa令y 人惊异，令人叹为观止46. take one 's chance(碰s)碰自己的运气47. take one s tim慢e 慢来，从容不迫48. take pains 费尽力气，煞费苦心，尽力设法 I took pai

17、ns to explain the facts clearly.49. take (the)trouble 费事，下工夫 You must have taken a lot of trouble to find out what was true.50. take part (in) 参加，参与51. take pity on / upon 可怜，怜悯 (show mercy to / have mercy on)52. take place 发生，举行53. take pride in (be proud of) 为感到自豪/ 骄傲54. take one s plac代e 替某人55. t

18、ake the opportunity 利用这个机会 I shall take the first opportunity of seeing you. He may take the opportunity to point out that56. take turns 轮流(做某事 )They took turns to look after the baby. The two boys took turns at digging the hole.57. take sides 支持;偏袒 You always take sides with brother without even li

19、stening to me.你总是偏袒弟弟，根本不听我的。58. I take it (that) 我想 ;我认为 I take it you ve heard that the mayor 's re我signed. 想你已听说市长已经辞职了。二、考点透视1. 考查特定语境下的词义辨析、短语搭配。(1) take 与其它动词加上同一个介 / 副词的辨析，如 06 山东卷第 34 题;(2) take 与其它动词加上不同介 / 副词的辨析，如 08 山东卷第 29 题、 08 宁夏卷第34 题、08 天津卷第 7题等;(3) take 短语搭配辨析，包括 take + 介词/ 副词短语

20、， take + 名词短语， take + 名 词+ 介词短语等。2. 结合时态语态考查 take 短语，如 06 福建卷第 24 题。3. 结合非谓语动词的用法考查 take 用法，如 03 上海卷第 39 题。高考英语知识点总结 2一. 转化法 (conversion)在英语中，一个单词由一种词性转化为另一种或几种词性而词形不变的方法叫做 转化法。1. 动词转化为名词Let me have a try.让我试试。They are only allowed to sell soft drinks at school. 在学校里只准许他们出售不含酒精的饮料。2. 名词转化为动词He shoul

21、dered his way through the crowd. 他用肩膀推开人群前进。The smell from the kitchen made his mouth water. 从厨房传来的气味使他流口水。3. 形容词转化为动词We will try our best to better our living conditions. 我们要尽力改善我们的生活状况。They tried to perfect the working conditions. 他们努力改善工作条件。4. 形容词转化为名词He didn 't know the difference between ri

22、ght and wrong. 他不辨是非。The old in our village are living a happy life. 我们村的老年人过着幸福的生活。5. 形容词转化为副词How long have you lived there?你在那儿住多久了 ?二. 合成法 (composition) 由两个或两个以上的单词连在一起合成一个新词，这种构词法叫做合成法，合成 的词叫做合成词 (compounds) 。合成词的写法由习惯决定，可以写在一起，也可以用 连词符号连接。1. 合成名词名词/代词+名词newspaper blood-test she-wolf 动词 +名词typew

23、riter pickpocket daybreak 形容词 +名词 greenhouse highway 副词+名词 overcoat outside 名词+v.-ing/v.-ing + 名词 handwriting reading-room freezing-point 动词 +副词 / 副词+ 动词 breakthrough get-together outbreak outcome 名词 +介词 +名词 sister-in-law editor-in-chief2. 合成形容词 名词+形容词 /形容词+名词 world-famous duty-free large-scale long

24、- term 副词+形容词 over-anxious evergreen 名词+过去分词 man-made sun-burnt 名词+现在分词 peace-loving English-speaking 形容词 +现在分词 good-looking easy-going 副词+过去分词 well-informed widespread 副词+现在分词 hardworking far-reaching3. 合成动词 名词 +动词 baby-sit sleepwalk副词 +动词 outnumber underestimate overwork 形容词 +动词 whitewash4. 合成副词 形

25、容词 +名词 meanwhile anyway 形容词 +副词 everywhere anyhow 副词+副词 however 介词+名词 beforehand overhead 介词+副词 forever5. 合成代词 代词宾格 +self/selves herself themselves 物主代词 +self/selves myself yourselves 形容词 +名词 anything nothing6. 合成介词 副词+名词 inside outside 介词+副词 without within 副词+介词 into三. 派生法由一个词加上前缀或后缀构成一个与原单词意义相近或截然

26、相反的新词叫做派生 法。1. 前缀 除少数前缀外，前缀一般改变单词的意义，但不改变单词的词性。(1) 表示否定意义的前缀un-unhappy unfinished undressdis- disagree disbelieveinil-( 在字母 l 前)， im-( 在字母 m ，b，p 前)， ir(在字母 r 前)-inaccurate illegal impolite imbalance irregularmis-misbehave mislead mistake non-nonstop nonsmoker(2) 表示其他意义的前缀en-“使 ” enrich enlarge enco

27、urage inter- “相互” international intercontinental re- “再，又，重 ” rethink retell recycle tele- “远程的” telescope telephone telegraph auto- “自动的” automatic automobile co- “共同” coworker cooperate coexist anti- “反对，抵抗 ” antiwar antifreeze antinuclear multi- “多” multistory multicultural multicolor bi-“双，二 ”bc

28、iycle bilingual bilateral micro- “极小的，微小的 ” microwave microcomputer over- “太多，过分 ” overwork overdo overestimate self- “自己，本身 ” se-lfcentered self-confident self-control under- “在下面， 下的，不足的 ” underline， underground ， underestimate ， underrate2. 后缀(1)形容词后缀-able “可的，具有的” acceptable drinkable knowledgea

29、ble reasonable -al “与有关的” physica，l magical ， political-an“属于某地方的人 ” American African-ern “方向 ” southern， northern ， eastern-ful/ less 没“)有( 的” helpfu，l useful ， homeless ， hopeless-ish “如的;有特征的” foolish childish selfish-ive “有 倾向的 ” active attractive expensive-en“由制成的” golden wooden woolen-ous“有(性质

30、 )的” famous， dangerous ， poisonous-ly 有“性质的” friendly yearly daily-y“构成形容词 ” noisy dusty cloudy (2)名词后缀-er / or 表“人或用具 ” farmer， baker ， visitor ， professor ， cooker ， container -ese“某国 (人)的” Chinese， Japanese-ian “某国、某地人 ;精通的人” musician， Asian ， Russian ， technician -ist 某“种主义或职业者 ” physicis，t scie

31、ntist ， communist ，socialist -ess“表女性，雌性 ” hostess， actress ， princess-ment“行为或其状态 ” governmen，t movement ， achievement -ness“性质，状态 ” illness， sadness ， carelessness-tion “动作，过程，结果 ” invention， organization ， translation(3) 动词后缀-fy / ify 使得“;变得 ” simplify， beautify ， purify-en“使成为 ;变得” shorten， deep

32、en ， sadden-ize “使成为 ” apologize， realize ， specialize(4) 副词后缀-ly “方式，程度 ” freely， truly ， angrilyward(s) “向” towards， forward ， upwards(5) 数词后缀-teen “十几” fourteen， eighteen ， thirteen-ty “整十位数 ” forty， fifty ， sixty-th “序数词 ” twelfth， twentieth高考英语知识点总结 3一、直接考查连词 but 在语境中的用法即要求考生根据试题的语境 （看其是否有转 折意味

33、 ）来确定连词 but 的正确使用。这类考题通常会将连词 but 与连词 and ，so，or 等结合起来考查。同学们做题时要注意比较，尤其要注意比较各个连词填入句子后， 比较句意的逻辑性和通畅性。如：1. You have failed two tests. You'd better start working harder ， youwon't pass the course.A. and B. so C. but D. or解析 D.or 的意思是"否则""要不然"，只有此词填入空格，句意最通顺。2. They wanted to

34、charge $5 ，000 for the car ， we managed tobring the price down.A. but B. so C. when D. since解析 A.前后两分句之间是转折关系，故用 but.3. -Somebody wants you on the telephone. - no one knows I'm here.A. For B. And C. But D. So解析 C."有人打电话来找我 "与"没有人知道我在这里 "是转折关系，故填 but.二、利用 but 的转折语境考查其他知识点即根据题干

35、中连词 but 的转折性语境来 确定相关知识点的选择。此时尤其要注意前后相关信息的对比、对照或互为相反义。 如：1. He has made a lot of films ，but good ones.A. any B. some C. few D. many解析 C. 由于句中用了转折连词 but ，所以要填 few 与前面的 many 相对比。2. It's hard for him playing against me. I've got nothing to play for， but for him ，he needs to win so .A. far B. wel

36、l C. little D. badly解析 D.句中的 badly 不是表示"糟糕地"，而是表示 "很""非常"，这样用的 badly 主要与表示 "想要"或"需要"的词语或短语 （如 want ， need ，be in need of 等）连用 如：Our school is badly in need of English teacher. 我们学校急需英语教师。 / He wants to buy a new car badly. 他很想买辆新车。3. I told your friend how to get to the hotel ，but perhaps I have driven her there.A. could B. must C. might D. should解析 D