英国文学赏析整理

1、Alexander PopeAn Essay on Man (know then thyself)The poem is written in iambic tetrameter, every two line have the same thyme at the last word.The poem is important in the sense that it embodies the 18th century concepts of the universe and man ' s pitecethat is man is made in the shape of God,

2、and occupies a middle position in the Great Chain of Being. As the poet says sometimes we have too much knowledge and feel suspect about everything, but sometimes we have too much weakness and can not be as pride as Stotic, sometimes we seem to have the power to rule all things but sometimes we seem

3、 prey to all. We are in the middle place and sometimes we are confused about whether to act or rest. The poet perfectly describes man' s feabout ourselves and about the world.Although Pope is never profound in thought but he is very adapt in voicing the idea of his contemporaries in a beautiful

4、and clever way.Robert BurnsA Red, Red, RoseThe metrical pattern of the poem is basically in the ballad form, i.e. each stanza consisting of four lines, with four stressed syllables in the odd-numbered lines and three stressed syllables in the even-numbered lines, and with rhymes occurring on the eve

5、n- numbered lines.The image of rose evokes traditional associations of beauty, love and romance. Its simple lyrics and straight form and expression of feeling make it a favorite choice for poetry anthologies and a most appreciated poem for readers. Incorporating various elements from folk songs, the

6、 poem is supposed to be a song sung by an Irish sailor to his sweet heart before his ship sailed off to sea, the exaggerated declaration of loveseas are gone dry and till the rock meltscan remind us of a well known Chinese oath.There is no tearful parting. But determined hope of reunion: the sailor

7、will come back to his sweet heart " though it were ten thousand miles."William BlakeThe LameThe poem is written in rhyming couplets with alternating iambic and anapestic feet.it ' s one of the poems that collected in Songs of Innocence which express the poet'delight in life, even i

8、n the face of sorrow and suffering.The poem is a child song, in the form of a question and answer. The first stanza is rural and descriptive, while the second focuses on abstract spiritual matters and contains explanation and analogy. The child ' s question is both na?ve and profound."who m

9、<thee ” is a simple question, but the child is also tapping into the deep and timeless questions that all human beings have, about their own origins and the nature of creation.The situation of a child talking to an animal is a believable one. Yet by answering his own question the child coverts it

10、 into a rhetorical one, thus counteraction the initial spontaneous sense of the poem, and also reveals his confidence in his simple Christian faith and his innocent acceptance of its teachings.The lamb symbolizes Jesus, as Jesus has a traditional image as a lamb. The image of the child is also assoc

11、iated with Jesus: in the Gospel, Jesus displays a special concern for children. This poem, like many of the poems in Songs of Innocence, accepts that Blake saw as the most positive aspects of conventional Christian belief.William WordsworthI wandered lonely as a cloud四步抑扬）The form of the poem: it co

12、nsists of four six-line stanzas following the rhyme scheme: ababcc. Each line is metered 步）in iambic tetrameter.One of the themes of the poem is about the soothing effect of memories on human thoughts, as we know the song was written 2 years later when Wordsworth saw the flowers, so memories are rea

13、lly important.It ' s a typical poem of Romanticism; it incorporates the ideas and aspects that are essential in romantic poetry. This simple poem also revisits the familiar subject of the unity between human and nature in a simple style and musical eloquence.The poem' s main brilliance lies

14、in the reverse personification in its early stanzas. The speaker is metaphorically compared to a natural subject a cloud, and the daffodils are continually personified as human beings, dancing and tossing their heads. This technique is a very effective method for instilling in the reader the similar

15、 feeling, by which words worth implies an inherent unity between man and nature and signs of the harmony between things in nature and the harmony between nature and the poet himself.The Solitary Reaper四步抑扬）The four eight-line stanzas of this poem are written in a tight iambic tetrameter. Each follow

16、s a rhyme scheme of ababccdd.In this poem, the beauty of the song is presented to the reader through two well organized comparisons in the second stanza.The poem' s structure: the first stanza sets the scene, the second offers two bird comparisons for the music, the third wonders about the conte

17、nt of the songs, and the fourth describes the effect of the songs on the speaker. The final two lines of the poem return its focus to the familiar theme of memory and the soothing effect of beautiful memories on human thoughts and feelingsTo an extent, this poem ponders the limitations of language,

18、as it does in the third stanza, but the ultimate intention of the poem is to praise the beauty of music and its fluid expressive beauty.George Gordon ByronShe Walks in Beauty 四步抑扬）The poem contains three stanzas of iambic tetrameter, with an unaccented syllable followed by an accented syllable. Its

19、rhyme scheme: abababByron wrote the poem for his young cousin when they first met at a party, at that time she was wearing a black gown and Byron was struck by her beauty.In the poem, the first two lines demonstrate both the opposing qualities of darkness and light that pass through the three verses

20、诗或歌的）句，节.By reading the poem, the reader can look deeper into the contents of Byron' s poand discover both internal and external beauty in the lady.Don Juan （the isles of Greece）叫步抑扬）The poem is composed of 16stanzas, each stanza consisting of 6 lines of iambic tetrameter, with a rhyme scheme of

21、 ababcc.It ' s a satirical epic and also Byron' s masterpiece. It consis®of 饰 cantos（篇章） and remains unfinished.Don Juan was a great epic of the early 19th century, it was a time when Turkish people took control of Greece and brought the dreadful life to Greek people. European writers a

22、nd scholars are mostly keen on the ancient Greek civilization, and Byron is also one of them, but he is more interested in calling upon the Greek people to rise up against their enslavement under the Turkish rule.Byron ' s poems are full of revolutionary enthusiasm. The Isles of Greece portrays

23、perfectly this character of spirit. In the poem, he speaks in the voice of a Greek poet, as he use expressions like “ my country " and he writes about the past glories of Greece with the purpose of motivating the present-day Greeks to fight for freedom.Although the poem is about the adventures

24、of a Spanish libertine）, the real significance of the poem lies in the vivid description of the lives and manners of many lands, Byron ' s fiery passions for the liberation of the Greek people and his bitter satire on the sham 假装）and hypocrisy（虚伪）in love, religion, and the social relations of hi

25、s time.唐璜是一步未完成的长篇叙事讽刺诗，是拜伦最长的作品，哀希腊为六行 诗体，四音步抑扬格，韵式为 ababcG 在诗中，拜伦用古希腊的灿烂文明和古希 腊人民反抗外来侵略的英勇史来激励希腊人民反抗土耳其统治的决心。Percy Bysshe ShelleyOde to The West也步抑扬格）风”一词在希伯来，拉丁，希腊及其他许多语言中与呼吸，灵魂，精灵等书同义词，因此雪莱的西风是一个精灵，是一个秋之生命的呼吸”。在诗的末尾，雪莱吟出了他的千古绝唱：如果冬天来临，春天还会远吗？”在形式上，西风颂是十四行诗与意大利三行诗相融合的结果，如同十四行 诗，西每一诗节均为14行，最后两行为偶句

26、诗，但前12行诗的韵式为意大利三 行诗的 aba bcb cdc ded 最后两行为 ee.西运用比喻，象征的手法，将写景与抒情，内心情感与外部气势融为一 体，给读者以丰富的想象。This ode consists of five stanzas, each is a combination of sonnet and terza rima form. The rhyme of a typical sonnet is :aba bec cdc ded ee, and in this poem we have aba bcb cdc ded ee. This linked chain gives

27、 a feeling of onward motion, the verse has a breathless quality which is in keeping with the onward motion fo tie wind ' s movement, the metrical pattern of each live is basically iambic pentameter.Linguistic techniques including personification, auditory imagery, thetorical questions, metaphors

28、 and similesIn the turbulent year of 1819, Shelley wrote many political lyrics. This poem is most representative of Shelley ' s feelings and thoughts at the time. It is a mixture of death and rebirth. Shelley is concerned with the regeneration of himself spiritually and poetically and of Europe

29、politically. He is appealing to the west wind to effect this regeneration. In the first three stanzas, the dynamic force of the west wind is manifested in its power on the land, in the air, and in the sea in different seasons. It is the destroyer and preserver. It will destroy the old world and hera

30、ld in a new one. In the fourth stanza Shelley wishes that he were a leaf, a cloud, and a wave, so that he could feel the power of the west wind; but he is aware of his age and his sufferings in life which have bent him down. Finally, he appeals to the wind, the wind of aspiration and change, to rein

31、vigorate him and to give force and persuasiveness to his poetry.The last line ” if winter comes, can spring be far behind?” is the most famous.In a word, this poem is a passionate calling to the spirit of the personified west wind. The symbolism in this poem is rich and diverse.Song to the Man of En

32、gland四步抑扬）The song consists of eight quatrains, the metrical pattern of each line being iambic tetrameter and the rhyme scheme of each quatrain being aabb.On August 16, 1819, when about 60,000 people were holding a rally in St.PeterField near Manchester, demanding universal suffrage, parliamentary r

33、eform, and therepeal of the Corn Law, a troop of cavalry opened fire on them, killed more than a dozen, and wounded several hundreds. The killing was ironically referred to as“ PeterlooMassacre”，a combination of “Waterloo ” and “ St.Peter ' s” . Upon hearing the news of massacre, Shelley, being

34、exiled in Italy, wrote several political lyrics in protest against the government ' s barbarous action and calling the working people to rise up to overthrow the rule of the idle class.In the poem, the drones refer to the people of the exploiting class who do not work and live on the labor of th

35、e working people. Bees of England refer to the working class. Shelley use simile to imply that the exploiting class has taken everything from the working class, and in the last two stanzas the poet is reprimanding /?reprima:ndi/ l诫， 谴责the workers who do not answer his call to fight for their freedom

36、.John KeatsOde to a NightingaleThe poem contains eight stanzas, each consisting of ten lines, with nine lines in five- stress iambic meter and the eighth line in three-stress iambic meter. The poem is remarkable for its imagery and its music. They appeal to readers -tacti le(tfens)e gustatory (味觉)and visual and auditory.Keats ' poetry is an escape from the real world into a world of imagination; ode to a nightingale was written in 1819 and is one of Keats' best poems.In the poem Keats identifies the nightingale with his Ideal B