初中英语重点动词用法A-Z

1、初中英语动?词用法Aactv.表演，演戏act as sb./ sth.充任某角色 ，? 担任某工作 ?I don tunder? stand? Engli?sh, so you have to act as my inter? prete? r(翻译 )。其他用法： act for 代表某人，代理某人的?职位Durin? g her illne? ss, her lawye? r has been actin? g for her in her busin? ess.在她生病期 ?间，她的律师一 ?直代理她的 ?业务。词语拓展： actio?nn.行为，行动；take actio? n 采取

2、行动actor?n.演员actre?ssn.女演员activ?eadj.活跃的，积极的，主动的，起作用的；activ?elyadv.活跃地，积极地；activ?etyn.活动性 , 活力；活动（ activ?ities ?复数）accep?tv.接受；赞同；欢迎；听从近义词辨析 ?：accep?t 和 rece?iveaccep?t 是 “接受、认可 “的意思，是收到并接受? ； recei?ve 有 ”收到 “的意思，但不一定接e.g. I recei?ved a lot of gifts ?on my birth ?day, but?I?didn t?accep?any.生日那天我 收?

3、到许多礼 物? ，但是我并没有? 收下任何 礼?物。受? 。achie?ve addvt.获得achie?ve a balan?ce betwe?en and 在 , 和 , 之间获得平衡?v.(1) 加，增加，添加add sth. to sth.往 .里添加 .eg. If the tea is too stron? g, add some water? to it.eg. He added? his signa? ture to the petit?ion(请愿书add A and B (toget? her)加eg. If you add 5 and 5, you get 10.add

4、to sth. 增加某事物 ?eg. The bad weath? er only add to our diffi ? culti? es.)。(2) 补充；继续说add in包括 .在内add up合计，加起来add up to总计达到add fuel to the fire火上浇油这种坏天气 更? 增加了我 ?们的困难。eg. “Ill come here later? .he added? .eg. Dontforge? t add me in.别忘了把我?算上。词语拓展：addit?ionn. 加法；增加的人或?事物in addit ?ion加上 , 又, 另外，单独使用放?在句首，

5、逗号隔开eg: In addit ion?， there? are six stude? nts. 除此之外，还有六名学?生。in addit ion? to.eg: In addit ?ion to high salar ?ies, you will enjoy ?a paid holid ?ay every?year.besid?es 表示 “除 ?以外，（还，也） ”，相当于 in addit ion? to.eg.Besid?es Engli ?sh, they also study?math, physi?cs and chemi?stryexcep?t 表示 “除 外，（其余都）

6、”，常与 all ?，every?，no, none, nothi ng? 等含有整体 ?肯定或否定 ?意义的词连用?。eg.He answe?red all the quest?ions excep?t the last one.excep?t for 也表示 “除 ?以外 ”，但是和 excep?t 不同的是除了最后一 个? 问题外，所有的问题 他? 都回答了 。?: 与 excep?t 连用的整体 ?词和 excep?t 所跟的词常 ?常是同类的 ，? 是指整体除 去? 一部份 ; 而与 excep?t for连用的整体 词? 与 excep?t for所跟的词往 往? 不是同类 ?的，

7、是指整体中除? 去 一个细节。例如:Your compo sitio? n? is good excep?t for a few spell ing? mista?kes.除了几处拼 写? 错误以外 ，? 你的作文写 得? 很好。Excep?t for an old lady, the bus was empty ?.除了有一个apart?from 表示 “除 之外 ”。根据上、下文的不同，? 它既可用作老? 太太以外 ，? 这辆公共汽 车? 是空的。?besid?es, 也可用作excep?t 和 excep?t for 。Apart?from them, I had no one to t

8、alk to.（ = excep?t）除了他们以 外? ， 我没有人说 话? 。Apart ?from other ?consi?derat?ions, time is also a facto?r. (=besid es?）除了别的考 虑? 之外，时间也是一个? 因素。(It is) Good work apart ?from a few sligh ?t fault ?.s (= excep?t for ）除了几个小 毛? 病以外，这是一篇佳作? 。aitio? naladj.附加的，额外的，添加的advic?en.建义，劝告；信息a piece?of advic ?e一条建议ask fo

9、r advic e?寻求建议give sb some advic?e = give some advic? e to sb给某人提建 ?议take/follo ?w?one s?advic?e接受、遵照某人的建?议advis?ev.给 出主意；建议；通知advic e? sb to do sth 建议某人做 某? 事sugge?stion? n.(C)建议offer ?sb. some sugge?stion?sCan you offer ?me some sugge?stion?s?affec? tv. 影响；感动egCold weath ?er affec ?ted the crops?.

10、词语拓展： effec? tn. 影响，作用；效果come/go into effec? t实施，生效in effec? t实际上take effec? t 生效，起作用have a good/bad effec?t on sb. 对某人有好 ?的/坏的影响effec? tiveadj 有效的，生效的affec? tionn喜爱，爱慕之情affor? dv. 负担得起（ .的费用，损失，后果） ，买得起；抽得出时间?（常与 can? , could? , be able to 连用）affor? d sth.eg. Id love to go on holid? ay but I cantaf

11、for? d the time.eg. They walke? d becau? se the cantaffor? d a taxi.affor? d to do sth.eg. They walke? d becau? se they cantaffor? d to take a taxi.eg. I have to work hard becau? se I cantaffor? d to loose? my job.affor? d sb sth提供，给与The?tnsac?tion affor ?ded him a good profi ?.t这笔交易使 他?赚了一大 笔?affor

12、? dst抽出多少时 ?间 I can't affor ?d an hour for lunch ?. 我抽不出一 小? 时吃午饭 。?afrai ?dadj.担心，害怕，恐怕. be afrai?d of 害怕e.g. Don t?be?afrai?d of askin ?g for help from other ?.s不要害怕向 别? 人求助。be afrai?d for担心e.g. I m?afrai?d for my siste ?.r 我担心我的 妹? 妹。be afrai?d /be afrai?d of sth./doing ? 害怕（做）某事eg I m?afrai?

13、d of snake?s.我害怕蛇。I m?afrai?d of going ?out alone?at night .?be afrai d? to do sth.害怕做某事 ?egDon t?be?afrai?d to ask quest?ions.不要害怕问 ?问题。I m?afrai?d so. /I m?afrai?d not.我恐怕是这 ?样/不是这样I m?afrai?d?that我恐怕。. eg I have a lot of homew ork? to do. I m?afrai?d?(that)?I?can t?go?with?you.agree?v. 同意，赞同agree

14、? with sb.同意某人的 ?意见eg. I agree? with you.agree? on + 表示具体协 ?议的文件、计划、行动的词eg. We agree? d on the plan.agree? to do sth.同意做某事 ?eg. We agree? d to start? early? .agree? that + 宾语从句eg. She agree? d that I was right?.其他用法： agree? with sb. ( 尤用于否定 或? 疑问句 )（对某人的健康? 或胃口）适合eg. like mushr? ooms but unfor? unat

15、?elyt they dontagree? with me.我喜欢吃蘑 菇?，可惜吃了以?后难受。eg.The humid? clima? te in the south? didntagree? with him.他不适应南 方?潮湿的气 候? 。词语拓展： agree? mentn. 协定，协议agree? ableadj. 欣然同意的 ?disag? reev.不同意，有分歧answe?rn.&v.回答 ;解决方案 ;反应the answe? r toanswe?r a quest?ion回答问题solve? the probl? em解决问题reply?n./v.答复，回答re

16、ply?to a quest?ion/lette?rMy penfr ?iend?in?the?USA?hasnedt?repli?tomy last three?e-mails?.aimv. 瞄准，对准aim at瞄准，针对（直接的目的?）eg.I aimed?at the door but hit the windo ?w.eg. My remar? ks were not aim at you.我的话不是 ?针对你。aim at the targe? t瞄准目标 / 靶子；aim at a succe? ss志在成功be aimed?at 目的是，旨在,为了；较为委婉eg.Our mar

17、ke?ting campa?ign shoul?d be aimed?at young?worki ng? coupl?es。我们的行销 活? 动应该针 对? 年轻的上 班? 夫妇 .aimed?for 瞄准；以 为目标(长久以来的 ?目标)eg.Your whole ?paren?ting has aimed?for this momen t?.你这个教育 目? 标就是这 一? 刻allow?v. 允许，准许allow? doing? sth.允许某人做 ?某事eg. We dontallow? smoki? ng in our house? . 在我们家不 ?允许抽烟。allow? sb.

18、 to do sth. 允许某人做 ?某事eg. They allow? her to go to the party? .他们允许她 去? 参加晚会?。allow ?sb not to do sth 不允许? 某人做某 事?注意被动： sb. be allow?ed to do sth.allow? sb. in/ out/ up 允许某人进 ?来/ 出去 / allow ?for 考虑到，把 考虑进来，体谅(sth ) allow ?of容许词语拓展： allow? ancen. 津贴 , 补助 , 零用钱permi?tv. 允许，较为强硬n. 许可证permi?t sb.to do st

19、h.permi?t doing?sth.permi?ssion?n. 允许起来eg.We must allow?for his youth ?. 我们必须体 谅? 他的年轻 ?. eg. The situa? tion allow? sof no dely. 情况不容拖 ?延。annoy?v. 使恼怒，使生气annoy? sb.使某人生气 ，? 使某人心烦 ?eg. I was annoy? ed by his remar? ks.他的言论激 ?怒了我。appea? rv. 出现；露面；（公开）演出appea? r to do好象是It appea? rs that + 从句eg. It ap

20、pea? rs to me that you are all wrong? .我觉得你们 全?都错了。appea?rance?n.出现，相貌She made her final?appea?rance?on the scree?n.她最后一次 出? 现在银幕上? 。disap? pearv消失appre? ciate?v. 感激appre? ciate? sth.appre? ciate? doing? sth.argue?v. 争论，争吵argue? with sb. about?/ over/ on sth.与某人争论 ?某事eg. We argue? d with the waite?

21、r about? the price? of the meal.其他用法： argue? sb. into/ out of doing? sth.说服某人做 ?/ 不做某事eg. They argue? his into givin? g up his plan.arriv? ev. 到达arriv? e in + 大地方eg. We arriv? ed in Paris? .arriv? e at + 小地方eg. We arriv? ed at the stati?on/ my natio? n town.其他用法： arriv? e at sth.达成或得出 ?某事物arriv? ed

22、at an agree? ment(达成协议 )/ a concl? usion? (得出结论 )egWhat dicis? ion did you arriv? ed at?你们做出了 ?什么决定？arriv?e at/in到达某地get to某地reach?a place?/ 数字到达某地 /数量arriv al?n.到达time of arriv al?到达的时间 ?askv. 询问，问ask sth.eg. May I ask quest?ions?ask sb. sth.eg. He asked?me the way to the super? marke? t.He asked?m

23、e their? names? .He asked?me where? he shoul? d go.ask sb. about? sth.eg. He asked? me about? my healt? h.ask sb.to do sth.eg. He ask me to stop smoki?ng.He ask me not to swim here.ask for sth. (to do sth.)请求eg. She asked? for more time (to think? it over).她请求多一 ?点时间（仔细考虑）。ask for sb.找（某人）ask sb for

24、 help=turn to sb ask sb for some advic? e ask sb for sth其他用法： ask the wayDid anyon? e ask for me last week?向某人求助 ?向某人征求 ?意见向某人索要 ?问路；ask for troub? le自找麻烦，自讨苦吃attem? ptv. 企图，试图试图做某事 ?attem? pt to do sth.attem? pt doing?sth.atten?tionn.注意，专心pay atten?tion to注意You shoul?d pay atten?tion to your spoke

25、?n Engli ?sh.你应该注意 你? 的口语。aslee?padj.睡着的fall aslee?p入睡He was too tired ,?so he fell fast aslee?p.他太累了，很快就入睡?了 。sleep?vi./n.睡觉go to sleep?After ?break?fast, I want to go to sleep?.吃完早饭后 ?，我想去睡觉 ?get enoug?h sleep?I?don t?get?enoug?h sleep?.I feel sleep?y in class?.我没有足够 ?的睡眠，我课堂上感?到想睡觉。sleep?yadj.欲睡的

26、，困倦的feel sleep?y感到困倦Bbeatv. 打败，战胜(beat, beate?n)beat sb. (at sth.)在某方面打?败/胜过某人beat sb.He beats? me at chess? .打某人他在下棋方 面? 胜我一筹?。beat/defea?t win/gain hit一组同义词 ，? 它们的宾语 必? 须是人或 一? 个集体，如a team, a class?, an schoo?l, an army。defea?t 尤指在战 场? 上打败敌 人? ； beat 是游? 戏、比赛的专门用? 词。二者常可换。?eg.We beat their?team by

27、 10 point s?. 我们赢了他 们? 队十分。In the end their ?army was defea?t/beate?n. 最后他们的 部?队被击（打）败。一组同义词 。? gain 表 ?示获得需要之? 物，它常跟的宾语?有 one?s?livin ?g, exper?ience?, stren?gth, time, knowl ?edge,atten?tion, respe?ct, admir ?ation ?等；win 表示在? 较强的竞 争? 中取得胜 利? ，它常跟的宾 语? 有 gam?e, war, prize?, fame, battl e? 等。eg.We

28、shall?gain exper?ience?throu?gh pract?ice.我们将通过 ?实践获得经 ?验 。They won the battl e? but lost many men.他们取得了 这? 次战斗的 胜? 利，但牺牲了很多?人。指 “打中 ”或 “对准 来打 ”，着重敲打或打?击对方的 某? 一点。 tap 一般 是? 轰轰拍打 的? 意思。eg:The stone?hit him on the head. 石头击中了 他? 的头部becom? ev. 成为，变成becom? e + 名词He becam? e a docto? r at last.becom? e

29、inter? estin? g in变得对 .感兴趣其他用法： What becom? es/ will becom? eof sb./ sth.?某人某事的 ?情况如何eg. What will becom? e if I die?假如我死了 ?我的孩子会 ?怎么样呢？begin?v. 开始begin? to do sth. = begin? doing? sth.开始做某事 ?begin? /start?with由.开始eg. We will begin? with you.从你开始。eg. The conce? rt(音乐会 ) began? with a piano? solo(钢琴独

30、奏).begin?ningn. 开始at the begin? ning of在。的开始start?v 开始； n.开始start? to do sth =start? doing? sth开始做某事 ?at the start? ofstart? off在。的开始动身，开始活动to start?/begin? with第一，首先endn. 最后，末尾at the end （ of）在 ( 的 )末端egAt the end of the stree?t?you ll?find?the?hospi?al.in the end=final?ly =at last 最 ?后，终于egIn the

31、end she marri?ed a singe?rby the end of到。结束时，末尾时（用于完成时?）eg We had studi?ed Engli ?sh for three?years?by the end of last termend with以 结束behav? e belie? vev. 举止，表现 v. 相信，认为behav? e well/ badly?表现好 / 不好，举止良好/ 不好belie? ve sb.相信某人说 ?的话eg. I belie? ve him.我相信他的 话? 。belie? ve in sb.相信 / 信任某人eg. I belie? v

32、e in him.我相信他。belie? ve sb. + adj.eg. I belie? ve him hones? t.我相信他是 ?诚实的。belie? ve + 从句eg.I belie? ve that he can do the job well.belon? gv. 属于belon? g tobyprepby + 交通工具1） take a/the 交通工具to sp.=go to sp. by交通工具2） on a bike =by bikeon foot3） on / in + 限定词 +交通工具4） v. +to +sp.e.g. fly to sp.乘·

33、83;····交通工具乘······交通工具去骑自行车步行?某地?v. 借，借入，借进borro? w sth.( from sb.)从某地/某人处借.borro ?wa book (from libra? ry)lendvt.借给lend sth. to sb./lend sb.sth.把某物借给 某?人egExcus?e me,can I borro w? a bike from you?/Can I borro?w your bike?我能借你的 自? 行车吗？retur? nv归还，回到

34、retur? ntosp = go back to spretur? n sth to spin retur?n回到某地把某物还到回报?某地bowv. 鞠躬bow to服从make a bow鞠躬bow to sbs oppin? ion take a bow屈从某人的 ?意见鞠躬答谢break?v. 打破，违背break?break?break?break?break?into闯进break? away (from )(从 )逃脱into/ to piece? s碎成片break? up with sb.与某人绝交 ?sth. off突然中断、终止某事物?break? down汽车抛锚out

35、突然发生eg. Fire broke? out last night?.夜间突然失 ?火了。throu? gh sth.克服eg. break? throu? gh the diffi? culti? es克服困难breat?he breat? hv 呼吸n 呼吸注意发音take a deep breat? h=breat?he deepl? ybreat?he inbreat?he outbe short?/out of breat?h深呼吸呼入呼出上气不接下 ?气bring?v. 拿来，取来，带来bring?sth. to sb. = bring? sb. sth.把某物带来 ?给某人br

36、ing?sb./ sth. (with one) 带着某物或 ?某人来eg. He alway? s bring? s a bottl? eof wine (with him) when he comes? to dinne?r.bring?sth./ sb. back送回某人 / 某物eg. He broug? ht me back in his car last night?.他昨天晚上 开? 车送我回 来? 的。Pleas? ebring? back the book to me tomor? owr.请明天把书 ?带来还我。bring?sb. up培养，养育eg. He was bro

37、ug? ht up by his aunt.他是被他阿 ?姨养大的。She broug? ht up five child? ren all toget? her.她总共抚养 ?了5个儿女 。?其他用法： bring?sth. up呕吐bring?bring?about?带来，造成in收获（庄稼等）bring?bring?about? great? chang? es带来巨大变in a good harve? st好收成?化build?v. 建造，建筑build? sth.build? a facto? ry建厂房build? sth. for sb. = build? sb. sth.eg.

38、 His fathe? r built? a model? aerop?lane for him. =His fathe? r built? him a model? aerop? lane.build? sth. of/ from/ out of sth.用 .(材料 )建造 .eg. Birds? build?their? nests? out of twigs? .鸟儿用细树 ?枝筑巢。build? sth. up 逐渐建立、增加、增强或发展?某事物build? up a big libra? ry逐渐建立一 座? 大的图书 ?馆其他用法： Rome was not built? in

39、a day.罗马不是一 ?天建成的。burnv.燃烧，点燃burn out 烧坏，烧完，烧尽burn downburn away烧坏，烧掉； （逐渐）消灭，消失烧毁eg. The sunli? ght has burnt? away the haze.日光使雾消 散?了。buyv.购买，买buy sth. for sb. = buy sb. sth.sellv卖sell out卖光sell sth. to sb. =sell sb. sth.卖给某人某 ?物Ccallv. 打电话；称作，取名；呼唤，叫喊；要求，命令call sb. =give sb. a cal给某人打电 ?话call + 电

40、话号码打某个电话 ?号码call sb. at + 电话号码打某个电话 ?号码找某人 ?call sb. sth. 把某人称为 ?.call him a walki ? ng-dicti?onary?把他称为活 ?字典call on sb.拜访某人call at s.p.拜访某地call by 顺便拜访call for要求，需要eg. Succe? ss calls?for hard work.成功需要努 ?力。call sth. off取消或放弃 ?某事call up回想起This book calls? up happy?memor?ies of his child? hood. 这本书唤

41、起 ?了他对童年 ?幸福的回忆 ?。calle? dadj. 叫做 的（后置）be calle? d /named?被叫做carev. 对.在意，对 .在意take care of sb.照顾take care of sth.处理，负责take care to do sth.小心，当心take care that小心care about?关心He doesn? tcare about? anyth? ing we say.care to do sth.愿意做某事 (?多用于否定 句?和疑问句 ?)eg. Would?you care to go for a walk?你愿意去散 ?步吗？car

42、ry?v. 搬运，携带carry?carry?carry?carry?sth. with sb.随身携带carry? away运走，拿走back运回，拿回，使回想起carry?into effec? t实现，实行on继续进行eg. Well carry? on our discu? ssion? tomor? row.明天继续我sth. too far做的太过分 ?了?们的讨论。catch?v. 赶上（车船等） ，捕获catch? up with sb. in sth.在某方面追 ?赶上某人eg. If you don t work hard, he will catch? up with y

43、ou in study? .区别： keep up with跟上，不落后于keep up with him跟上他catch?sb. doing? sth.逮住某人正 ?在做什么eg. I caugh? t him steal?ing.catch? up sbs atten? tion/ eyes引起某人的 ?注意I was caugh? t in the rain.我被雨淋了 ?。catch?(a) cold 伤风；catch? fire着火我发现他正 在? 偷东西。cause?v. 造成，使发生cause? sth.eg. The cat cause?d this terri? ble ac

44、cid? ent.cause? sb. sth.cause? sth. to sb.cause? sb. to do sth.eg. The new car cause? d me a lot of troub? les.eg. The new car carse? d a lot of troub? les to me.eg. The illne? ss cause? d him to miss the game.其他用法： Take care!当心！chatv. 聊天，闲谈chat with sb.和某人聊天 ?cheer?vcheer? up使振奋cheer?sb up使某人高兴 ?ch

45、eck?v. 核对，检查check? out检查，核对，核查chopv. 剁，砍，劈chop in插嘴，多嘴clean?v. 打扫，清除clean? sth. up把.收拾干净check? in登记combi? nev. 结合，组合combi?ne with和 .组合comev. 来；来到come after? sb.追赶或追逐 ?某人come back回来come from = be from从 .哪里来，来自.come by从 .旁边走过come down(雨、雪等 )落下； (价格 )下降eg. The price? of petro? l is comin? gdown.汽油价格正 ?

46、在下跌。come on加油come for为 .而来eg. I am comin? g for my books? which?were lent to you last year.我为了去年 借? 你的那些 ?书而来。 (我想要回去 年? 借给你的 ?书)come out出来；发芽come throu? gh经历（困难等）come to an end结束come up with sb.赶上，追上commu? nicat? e v. 交流，沟通commu? nicat? ewith sb.与某人交流 ?compa? rev. 比较compa? re A and B = compa? re A

47、with/ to B加以比较，两者相比较?eg. If you compa? re her work with his, you will find hers is much bette ? pa? re A to B把 A 比作 B?eg. Poets? have compa? red sleep?to death? .诗人把睡眠 ?比作死亡。compa? re notes? (with sb.)交换意见、观点、看法等compl? ainv. 抱怨compl? ain to sb. about? / at sth.投诉，抱怨，发牢骚eg. She often? compl? ain to me about? her partn? er.conce? ntrat? ev. 集中，聚集conce? ntrat? eon/ upon集中精力consi? derv. 考虑，思考，认为consi? der sth.考虑 .consi? der doing?sth.考虑 .eg. I am consi? derin? g chan