必修2 module 3 Grammar1时间状语从句教学设计

1、Module 3 musicTeaching Plan for the Adverbial Clauses of time 教材分析这是外研版教材高一英语必修二第三模块的语法课，本节课要学习的是时间状语从句。时间状语从句是高考句法部分考查的重点内容之一，也是学生比较熟识的一种复合句，近几年高考重点是考查时间状语从句的连接词，尤其是时间状语从句中when, while和as的用法及其区别。学生分析时间状语从句对于学生来说是比较熟识，时间状语从句的学习是贯穿在整个初高中的学习阶段，但时间状语从句中的when ,as和while的区别对于学生来说还是一个难点。三教学目标：The Objectives

2、The students will learn about the Adverbial Clauses of time by reading some sentences. .They will know 3 main conjunctions of the Adverbial Clauses of time.At the end of the class, they can fill in some blanks using proper conjunctions.4. The students will learn some other conjunctions of the Adverb

3、ial Clauses of time.教学重点The basic usages of the three conjunctions-when, while, as of the Adverbial Clauses of time.Know some other conjunctions of the Adverbial Clauses of time.1.准确掌握每一个连词的含义。 2.注意主句和从句的时态呼应。五. 教学难点1. The differences of the three conjunctions of the Adverbial Clauses of time.2. Lea

4、rn some other conjunctions of the Adverbial Clauses of time.六.教学策略归纳法和启发式教学七.教学媒体多媒体和练习卷八.教学步骤Step 1 Lead-in Warming up Its/will be +一段时间 before+一般现在时 表示过了多久才Its/will （not) be +一段时间 before+一般现在时 表示没过多久就it s been+一段时间 since +一般过去时 It will be a long time before we meet again.It has been 20 years since

5、 we first saw each other.一些表示时间的名词词组也可引导时间状语从句。如：the moment, the minute, （一就）next time（下次）, every/each time （每次）。e.g. The moment he comes, I will tell him.as soon as, immediately, directly, instantly 等副词也可引导状语从句。表示“一就”。As soon as I reach home, I will tell him the news.5) a. hardly when b. scarcely w

6、hen / before c. no sooner than 都相当于as soon as，用以引导时间状语从句。注意：当 hardly, scarcely及no sooner位于句首时,从句中的主谓要倒装。e.g. No sooner had she gone than it happened3. _ the day went on, the weather got worse.With B. since C. As D. While4. He was halfway through his meal _ a familiar voice came to his ears.why B. wh

7、ere C. when D. while5. Hardly _ into the village _ it began to rain.we had got; when B. we got; thanC. had we got; when D. did we get; than一、when可以和延续性动词连用，也可以和短暂性动词连用；而while和as只能和延续性动词连用。 Why do you want a new job when youve got such a good one already？（get为短暂性动词）你已经找到如此好的工作，为何还想再找新的？ Why do you wa

8、nt a new job when youve got such a good one already？（get为短暂性动词）你已经找到如此好的工作，为何还想再找新的？ The students took notes as they listened（listen为延续性动词）学生们边听课边做笔记。 二、when从句的谓语动词可以在主句谓语动作之前、之后或同时发生；while和as从句的谓语动作必须是和主句谓语动作同时发生。 1从句动作在主句动作前发生，只用 when。 When he had finished his homework，he took a short rest（finishe

9、d先发生）当他完成作业后，他休息了一会儿。 When I got to the airport，the guests had left（got to后发生）当我赶到飞机场时，客人们已经离开了。 2从句动作和主句动作同时发生，且从句动作为延续性动词时，when，while，as都可使用。 When While As we were dancing，a stranger came in（dance为延续性动词）当我们跳舞时，一位陌生人走了进来。 When While As she was making a phonecall，I was writing a letter（make为延续性动词）当她

10、在打电话时，我正在写信。 3当主句、从句动作同时进行，从句动作的时间概念淡化，而主要表示主句动作发生的背景或条件时，只能用 as。这时，as常表示“随着”；“一边，一边”之意。 As the time went on，the weather got worse（as表示“随着”之 The atmosphere gets thinner and thinner as the height increases 随着高度的增加，大气越来越稀薄。 As years go by，China is getting stronger and richer 随着时间一年一年过去，中国变得越来越富强了。 The

11、 little girls sang as they went 小姑娘们一边走，一边唱。 4在将来时从句中，常用when，且从句须用一般时代替将来时。When the manager comes here for a visit next week，Ill talk with him about this下周，经理来这参观时，我会和他谈谈此事。 三、when用于表示“一就”的句型中（指过去的事情）。 sbhad hardly / scarcely done sthwhenHardly Scarcely had sbdone sthwhen 我刚一闭上眼，就有人在敲门了。 I had hardl

12、y scarcely closed my eyes when someone knocked at the doorHardly Scarcely had I closed my eyes when someone knocked at the dooras在-期间，当-的时候”引导时间状语从句.注意与when、 while的用法区别。 下列情形时,只用as, 而不用when或while。 1)用于表示同一个人的两种动作交替进行,指一边-一边. 如: The girl sings as she goes to school. He looked behind occasionally as h

13、e went forward in the forest. 2)表示两个同步发生的动作或行为,意思是随着-的发展.如: As time went on / by, she became more and more beautiful . As children get older, they become more and more interested in everything. 3)表示两个短暂行为或事情几乎同时发生.如:I watched her as she read the book. I thought of it just as you opened your mouth. J

14、ust as the flying worm hit her face, she gave a loud cry. 4)接在名词后面表示某一个年龄段时.如: As a young man, he was active in sports. when作"当的时候"解,可以指较短的(一点)时间,也可指一段时间。如:When I was at college, I could speak several foreign languages. When the clock struck twelve, I had slept for 2hours. while常表示一段较长的时间或

15、一个过程,强调主句谓语动词与从句谓语动词同时发生。如:Work while you work. Play while you play.while 引导状语从句时，应注意以下几点：1. while 引导的时间状语从句既可放在句首，也可放在句末；而 while 引导的让步状语从句一般放在句首，不放在句末。另外，也可以从意义上加以区分。例如：While he was tired， he went on working.（虽然他累了，但他还是继续工作。）（ while 引导让步状语从句）While he was tired， he would have a rest.（他累了就休息一会儿。）（ wh

16、ile 引导时间状语从句）2. while 引导让步状语从句时，如果从句的主语和主句的主语相同，那么从句的主语和谓语动词 be 都可以省略。例如：While he was ill， he went there. （= While ill， he went there.）（虽然他有病，但他还是去那里了。）3. while 和 when 都可以引导时间状语从句，但应注意： while 引导的时间状语从句中的谓语动词必须是延续性的动词；而 when 引导的时间状语从句中的谓语动词既可以是延续性动词，也可以是非延续性动词。当时间状语从句中的谓语动词是延续性动词时， while 和 when 可以互相替

17、换。例如：While we were talking， the teacher came in.（我们正在谈话时，老师进来了。）The bus had left when we arrived at the bus stop.当我们到达车站时，公共汽车已经开走了。）（ arrive 是非延续性动词，因此，此句中的 when 不能用 while 替换。）When / While we were having a meeting， our teacher came in.（我们正在开会时，老师走了进来。）（ have 是延续性动词，因此，句中的 when 可以用 while 替换。）4. whil

18、e 引导的状语从句还可以表示“某个动作正在进行的同时，另一个动作也在进行之中”。例如：While the teacher was speaking， the students were listening.（老师讲课时，学生们在听。）While he was writing， I was reading.（他写字时，我在看书。）常用句型It will 时间段 before It was 时间点 whenIt is/has been 时间段 since sb did be doing sth whenbe about to do sth whenhad just done sth whenbe

19、on the point of doing sth whenhad hardly donewhen When I was young, I had a happy family. Almost everyday after school, while my parents were cooking, I was doing my homework. As time went by, everything seemed plain but peaceful. Yet one day, I was about to go home when it began to rain, so I rushe

20、d to the bus stop. Suddenly I saw Dad when I was getting on the bus. With an umbrella in his hand, he was crossing the street in a hurry when a car quickly went by, Dad was knocked down. It was 10 minutes later when Dad was rushed to hospital. Luckily , there was nothing serious.when, whilewhen, whi

21、le, as表示主句谓语作和从句的谓语动作同时发生或几乎同时发生。when表示点时间时，从句中用短暂性动词；表示段时间时，用持续性动词eg. When I got home, my family were already having dinner. 我到家的时候，全家已在吃晚饭。 （when表示点时间） When they were still talking and laughing, the teacher came in. 当他们还在说笑的时候，老师进来了。（when表示段时间） He waved a hello when he saw her. 当他看见她的时候，就挥手打了个招呼。（

22、when表示点时间） When you think you know nothing, you begin to know something. 当你认为自己一无所知的时候，就开始知道一些事情了。（when表示一段时间）When1.当when意思是正当时候（即 at that moment）时，when只能跟在前一分句之后。 eg. He was about to go to bed when the doorbell rang.他正要上床，忽然门铃响了。 They were watching the World Cup when suddenly the lights went out. 他

23、们正看着世界杯比赛，突然灯灭了。 They had just arrived home when it began to rain. 他们刚到家，天就开始下雨了。 2.有时when表示虽然，尽管的含义，相当于although或since。eg. He walks when he might take a taxi. 尽管可以打的，但他还是步行。 How can you hope for mercy yourself when you show none 既然你不宽恕别人，你自己又怎能希望得到别人的宽恕呢？while while通常表示一段时间，从句中宜用持续性动词作谓语。 eg. Strike

24、 while the iron is hot. 趁热打铁。 She fell asleep while she was reading the newspaper.她在看报的时候睡着了。 while有时可以作并列连词，表示对比，可译成而。 I am fond of English while he likes maths. 我喜欢英语而他却喜欢数学。 We slept while the captain kept watch.我们睡觉而上尉担任警戒。 while有时可引导让步状语从句，意思是虽然。 While they love te children, they are strict wit

25、h them. 虽然他们都爱他们的孩子，但却对他们要求严格。 as as表示点时间时，从句中用短暂性动词；表示段时间时，用持续性动词。as和when两者经常可以通用。 eg. The thief was caught as when he was stealing in the supermarket. 小偷在超市行窃时被逮住了。 I saw Jim as when he left the meeting room. 吉姆离开会议室时候我看到了他。 as表示 一边一边，强调从句和主句中两个动作交替进行或同步进行。 eg. They talked as they walked. 他们边走边聊。

26、He looked behind from time to time as he went. 他一边走，一边不时地往后看。 as表示随着 eg. As time goes on, it's getting warmer and warmer. 随着时间的推移，天气变得越来越暖了。when, while, as的用法区别 只有当从句表示的是段时间，即其谓语动词有持续性特征时，这三者可以通用互换。 eg. I got the news on the radio when while as I was having breakfast. 我在吃早饭的时候从收音机里获悉这一消息。 在下列情况下

27、，三者彼此之间不能替换使用：aas更强调同一时间或紧接的一前一后或伴随着的变化。eg. We listened to the singer sing as he played the guitar. 我们听着歌星边弹吉它边演唱。 I thought of it just as you opened your mouth. 你一张嘴我就知道你要说什幺 As he grew older, he became less and less active. 随着他年龄的增长，他变得越来越不活泼了。bwhen更强调特定时间，还可表示从句中的动作先于或后于主句的动作。 eg. When I had give

28、n Mary the spare ticket, I found my own already gone. 当我把多余的票给了玛丽时，我才发现我自己的票已不知去向。（从句动作发生在主句之前，注意主从句的时态） When I finally got there, he meeting had been on for ten minutes. 当我最终赶到那里时，会议已开始十分钟了。（从句动作发生在主句之后，注意时态）cwhile从句只能表示延续的动作或状态或主从句中动作的对比。eg. She thought I was talking about her daughter, while in f

29、act, I was talking about my daughter. 她以为我在谈论她女儿，而事实上，我在谈论我的女儿。d若表示两个短促动作几乎同时发生时，用 as场合多于when。eg. As he finished his speech, the audience burst into applause. 他结束演讲时，观众爆发出雷鸣般的掌声。Which do you choose?Im going to the post office._ you are there, can you buy me some stamps?AAs Bwhile CBecause DIf 连接词类别作

30、 用例 句asas 表示“当的时候”，往往和 when/ while 通用，但它着重强调主句与从句的动作或事情同时或几乎同时发生。1.She came up as I was cooking.（同时）2.The runners started as the gun went off.（几乎同时）whenwhen可以和延续性动词连用，也可以和短暂性动词连用；when从句的谓语动词可以在主句谓语动作之前、之后或同时发生；while和as从句的谓语动作必须是和主句谓语动作同时发生。 1.When we were at school, we went to the library every day.

31、（在一段时间内）2.Sorry，I was out when you called me（call为短暂性动词）对不起，你打电话时我刚好外出了。 3. When I got to the airport，the guests had left（got to后发生）当我赶到飞机场时，客人们已经离开了。 while从句动作和主句动作同时发生，且从句动作为延续性动词时，(when，while，as都可使用)。 主句中的动作或事情是在从句中的动作或事情的进展过程中发生，从句中的动词一般要用延续性动词。1.When While As we were dancing，a stranger came in（

32、dance为延续性动词）。2.Please dont talk so loud while others are working. While ,when 在句中的不同含义:While I was walking down the street, I came across an old friend. ( while=_)While I really dont like art, I find his work impressive. ( while =_ )He likes pop music, while I am fond of folk music. Strike while iro

33、n is hot.They were walking down the street when they saw an accident.2) I had just got home when it began to rain.3) I was about to go swimming when our guide stopped me.4) It's cold when it snows.As I left the house, I forgot the key.2. As I get older, I get more optimistic.3. He looked behind

34、as he went.4. As the weather is so bad, we have to stay home.5. You can do it as you like.6. Old as he is, he is still energetic.Fill in the blanks with “when, while, as”1_when_ you meet a word you don't know, consult the dictionary.2.The students took notes _as_ they listened. 3._as_ the wind r

35、ose ,the noise increased. 4.She called _while_ I was out. 5.We must strike _while_ the iron is hot. 6._when_you have finished your work, you may have a rest. 7. I was just reading a book _when_ she came into my room. 概念：在复合句中，由时间连接词引导的状语从句叫做时间状语从句。(在复合句中，要注意主句和从句的时态大多都要保持一致。） 1.由when, while, as，afte

36、r,before,since,untill,引导的时间状语从句。例如： When you think you know nothing, then you begin to know something.当你以为自己一无所知的时候，你就是在开始知道一些事物了。 When truth is buried under the ground it grows, it chokes, it gathers such an explosive force that on the day it bursts out , it blows up everything with it.当真理被埋在地下的时候，

37、它在生长，它感到压抑，它蓄存着这么一种爆炸性力量，一旦冒出，它就会炸破一切！ Strike while the iron is hot. 趁热打铁。 You can feel the air moving as your hand pushes through it. 当你的手在空气中挥动的时候，你就能感觉到空气在流动。 Our headmaster laughed as she spoke.我们的校长边谈边笑。 主要时态：主过从过；主将从现；主句为一般现在时，从句不受影响。 编辑本段when, while和as的区别when引导的从句的谓语动词可以是延续性的动词，又可以是瞬时动词。并且whe

38、n有时表示“就在那时”。例如： When she came in, I stopped eating.她进来时，我停止吃饭。(瞬时动词) When I lived in the countryside, I used to carry some water for him.当我住在农村时，我常常为他担水。（延续性的动词） We were about to leave when he came in.我们就要离开，就在那时他进来了。 While引导的从句的谓语动作必须是延续性的，并强调主句和从句的动作同时发生（或者相对应）。并且while有时还可以表示对比。例如： While my wife w

39、as reading the newspaper, I was watching TV. (was reading是延续性的动词，was reading和was watching同时发生) I like playing football while you like playing basketball.我喜欢踢足球，而你喜欢打篮球。（对比） As表示“一边一边”，as引导的动作是延续性的动作，一般用于主句和从句动作同时发生；as也可以强调“一先一后。例如： We always sing as we walk.我们总是边走边唱。（as表示“一边一边”） As we was going out,

40、 it began to snow.当我们出门时，开始下雪了。（as强调句中两个动作紧接着先后发生，而不强调开始下雪的特定时间） 1 时间状语从句    时间状语从句常用从属连词when, after, until, as soon as, 等来引导。当主句是祈使句或谓语动词是一般将来时态或情态动词时，其时间状语从句中的谓语动词常用一般现在时态表示将来发生的动作或存在的状态。这就是我们常说的“主将从现”。如：Please call me when you get there.  当你到那时，请给我打个电话。    

41、I will write to you as soon as I arrive in Beijing.  我一到北京就给你写信。<温馨提示> since 引导时间状语从句表示“自从以来”，从句中的动词一般表示动作的起点，用过去时；而主句的动作延续的情况则用一般现在时或现在完成时。常用的句型为：    It has been/ is + 一段时间+ since + 过去时。如：I has been/ is three years since we met last time.  自从我们上次见面，已经三年了。 1 _when

42、_I lived there, I used to go to the sea-shore on Sundays.延续性，同时发生2 _when_ the film ended, the people went back. 短暂性，先后发生3while I was wondering at this, our school-master took his place. 延续性，同时发生4 He hurried home, looking behind _as_ he went.同时发生,一边一边5 John sings _as_ he works.6 We were having a meet

43、ing _when_someone broke in. just at that timewhen其他用法. We were having a meeting when someone broke in.2. We were about to set off on our way, when it suddenly began to rain.3. We have just arrived at the station, when the train left.语法规则：连接词习惯用when的情况1 sb. was doing when2 sb was about to d

44、o /was going to dowhen3 sb has just done when（when =at this time/at that time）while其他用法1 While I was walking down the street, I came across an old friend. (while=_)2 He like pop music, while I am fond of folk music. (while=_)3 While I really dont like art, I find his work impressive. (while=_)1. As

45、modern industry is developing, there is more and more pollution.2. Young as I am, I know a lot. 1、时间状语从句 ： 1）when, while, as when+短暂性动词延续性动词 while+延续性动词；意为“在期间” as 强调主句和从句两个动作同时发生或交替进行；译为“一边一边”He was swimming in the river _ the flood came.He likes geography _ she likes English.I want my child to kno

46、w more _ they are young._ I think what you said is true, I dont agree with you._ time went on, the weather is becoming hotter and hotter.2） 表示“一就”的连接词：as soon as; immediately; directly; instantly; the moment; the instant; the minute;hardly/scarcely when ; no sooner than; Hardly/Scarcely had when.No

47、sooner hadthat. 3） till & until和not until 延续性动词+ till/until+从句（动作延续到某时间点终止）； 短暂性动词+ not until +从句（动作直到某时间才开始) not until 的句型：It is /was not until that.Not until . did/do/does sb. donot - until - 直到累得走不动了他才停下来。 He didnt _. Not until _. It was not until _ It was not until _me _ the truth. A. did yo

48、u tell; that I knew B. you told; did I know C. you told; that I knew D. did you tell; did I know4） before VS sincebefore的用法： .before sb. could do 还没来得及就;It is/was/will be+一段时间+ before 还要多久才It wont be long before 过不了多久就since 的用法： sb. has/have done since + 从句（短暂性动词）It is /has been +一段时间+since +从句（短暂性动

49、词）自从到现在有多长时间It is/ has been + 一段时间+ since+从句（延续性动词）有多长时间没有做某事 It was September 2013 _ we entered Xiaojin High School. It is two years _ we entered Xiaojin High School. It will be 7months _ we graduate from Xiaojin High School. It was in September 2013_ we entered Xiaojin High School. It is not until

50、 a month later _ we will meet again back at school. It will be not long _ we take the first diagnosed exam of Sichuan。5） 引导的时间状语从句的名词短语： everytime; each time; the first time; next time; the last time; 注意： 1）时间连词 2）时态 a)“主将从现” b) hardly/scarcely - when -, no sooner - than - (刚-就-)的时态和倒装 c) 带since从句的复

51、合句 孩子出生以来身体一直都不好。 从大学毕业他已经在成都工作15年了。 他失业以来生活一直很艰难。 特殊用法 1) 特殊形式的连词: the moment/minute/second (一- -就-); directly/immediately/instantly (一-就-); every time/each time; the first/second- last time; by the time(到-为止) 第一次来中国时他对一切都很好奇。 说法1：_.; 说法2：_. 2)同义连词while, when, as的用法区别 状语从句的省略(在时间，条件，方式，让步状语从句中）状语从句同时具备下列两个条件:主句和从句的主语一致，或从句主语为it；从句主要动词是be的某种形式。从句中的主语和be动词常可省略。例如：When ( the museum is ) completed , the museum will be open to the public next year . Hell go to the seaside for his holiday if (it is ) po