八上Unit 1 知识点及语法

1、Unit 1 Where did you go on vacation ?1、 重点词汇Anyone pron.任何人 Anywhere adv.在任何地方Wonderful adj.精彩的，绝妙的 Few adj/pron 不多很少most adj.，adv. & pron. 最多；大多数 something pron 某事，某物Nothing pron.没有什么，没有一件东西 myself pron.我自己，我本人Yourself pron.你自己，您自己 Yourselves pron.你们自己hen n.母鸡 pig n.猪seem v. 好像；似乎；看来 bored adj.

2、 厌倦的；烦闷的Someone pron.某人 diary n 日记，记事薄activity n. 活动 decide v. 决定；选定try v& n. 尝试；设法；努力 bird n 鸟Bicycle n 自行车，脚踏车 building n建筑物；房子Trader n 商人 wonder v. 想知道；琢磨difference n差别；差异 top n.顶部，表面wait v&n. 等待；等候 umbrella n.伞，雨伞Wet adj.湿的，潮湿的，下雨的 below prep.& adv. 在下面；到下面enough adj. 足够的；充足的；充分的 hun

3、gry adj.饥饿的as adv. 像什么一样，如同 hill n.小山，山丘Duck n.鸭子 dislike v&n. 不喜爱；厌恶二、重点短语 go on vacation去度假 stay at home待在家里 go to the mountains去爬山go to the beach去海滩 visit museums 参观博物馆 go to summer camp去参观夏令营 quite a few相当多 study for为而学习 go out出去 most of the time大部分时间 taste good尝起来很好吃 have a good time玩得高兴 of

4、 course当然 feel like给的感觉；感受到 go shopping去购物 in the past在过去 walk around四处走走 because of因为 one bowl of 一碗 the next day第二天 drink tea喝茶 find out找出；查明 go on继续 something important重要的事 up and down上上下下 come up出来 take photos照相3、 重要句型 buy sth. for sb. / buy sb. sth.为某人买某物 taste + adj. 尝起来 seem+（to be）+ adj. 看起来

5、 keep doing sth.继续做某事 arrive in+大地点 / arrive at+小地点 到达某地 tell sb. (not) to do sth. 告诉某人（不要）做某事try doing sth.尝试做某事 / try to do sth.尽力去做某事 decide to do sth.决定去做某事 forget doing sth.忘记做过某事/ forget to do sth.忘记做某事enjoy doing sth.喜欢做某事 want to do sth.想去做某事 stop doing sth. 停止做某事 dislike doing sth. 不喜欢做某事 W

6、hy not do. sth.?为什么不做呢？ so+adj.+that 如此以至于look+adj.看起来 start doing sth.开始做某事 4、 重点讲解1、few，little，a few，a little quite a few， quite a little(1)few 几乎没有，表示否定意义，修饰可数名词复数。Few people know him in the city.在这个城市很少有人认识他。(2)little 几乎没有，表示否定意义，修饰不可数名词。There's little time left.几乎没有时间了。（3）a few 有点儿，表示肯定意义，修

7、饰可数名词复数。（4）a little 有点儿，表示肯定意义，修饰不可数名词。（5）quite a few 相当多；不少，修饰可数名词复数，表示肯定意义。I have quite a few friends here.我在这儿有相当多的朋友。There are quite a few books on the shelf.书架上有不少书。（6）quite a little 相当多；不少，修饰不可数名词，表示肯定意义。There's quite a little water in the bottle.瓶子里有很多水。2、seem v. 好像；似乎；看来(1)seemadj./n.似乎是

8、Lucy seems quite happy.露西似乎很高兴。It seems a good idea.似乎是一个好主意。(2)seemto do sth.好像Group 2 seemed to win the match.二组好像赢了比赛。(3)It seems that.好像，可以与seem to do sth.互相转换。His temperature seems to be all right.It seems that his temperature is all right.他的体温好像很正常。3、decide v. 决定 decision cn. 决心，决定decide to do

9、 sth. 决定干.= make a decision to do sth. Mary decided to listen to pop music the next day.Decide not to do sth.决定不干什么we decided not to go to the beach near our hotel.Decide+宾语从句He decided that he would start out at 6：00 that morning.他决定那天早晨六点出发。4、try v& n. 尝试；设法；努力try to do sth.尽量/努力做某事I try to fi

10、nish the work on time.我尽量按时完成这份工作。try doing sth.试着做某事My classmate Liu tried cooking fish yesterday.我的同学刘昨天试着做鱼了。try n尝试 May I have a try?我可以试试吗？5、feel like 给的感觉；感受到， 后可接名词、代词或从句。We feel like robots.我们感觉像是机器人。feel like doing sth.want/would like to do sth.希望做某事；想做某事I feel like going to bed.I want to g

11、o to bed.I would like to go to bed.我想上床睡觉。6、difference n差别；差异常构成短语：make a difference 有影响；起作用the difference(s) between.and.，意为“和两者间的不同点”。Eating a lot of vegetables can make a difference.吃大量蔬菜会有帮助的。There are many differences between Mary and Joan.玛丽和琼两人有许多不同点。different adj. 不同的 differently adv.不同地7、wa

12、it v. & n等待；等候(1)作动词时，用法如下：wait to do sth.等着去做某事They are waiting to have dinner.他们正等着吃晚饭。wait后接表示所等的人、物时，应与介词for连用。They are waiting for a bus.他们正在等公共汽车。wait for sb./sth. to do sth.等某人(物)进行某种动作We are waiting for Jim to come.我们正等着吉姆的到来。can't wait to do sth.迫不及待地做某事Children can't wait to op

13、en the presents.孩子们迫不及待地打开礼物。(2)wait n等待；等候I don't like this long wait.我不喜欢这种长时间的等待。8、 because of和becausebecause of表示原因，后接名词、代词、名词性短语。because表示原因，其后跟从句。We didn't get there because of the heavy rain.We didn't get there because it rained heavily.由于大雨，我们没有及时到达。9、enough adj.足够的；充足的；充分的可以作定语放

14、在可数或不可数名词前面，也可作表语放在系动词后面。Don't worry. We have enough food to eat.不要担心，我们有足够的食物可吃。Two pairs of socks are enough.两双短袜足够了。【拓展】(1) enough adv.，意为“足够地；充足地”，修饰形容词、副词或动词时，要放在被修饰词的后面。.enough (for sb.) to do sth.意为“(对某人来说)做某事足够”。Did you sleep enough last night?昨晚你睡够了吗？The story is easy enough for little

15、kids to read.这个故事很容易，连小孩都能读懂。(2)enough n足够We have enough to do this weekend.我们这个周末有足够的事情可做。五、语法I、不定代词一、概念不指明代替任何特定名词或形容词的代词叫不定代词。二、常见的不定代词some 一些somebody 某人someone 某人something 某事any 一些；任何anybody 任何人anyone 任何人anything任何事no 无nobody 无人no one 无人nothing 无物every 每个everybody 每人；大家；人人everyone 每人everything 每

16、件事；一切all 全体；全部both 两个(都)none 没人或物(指两个以上)neither 没人或物(指两个当中)either 任何一个(指两个当中)each每个other(s) 另一个(些)another 另外一个；又一个much 很多many很多few几乎没有a few一些；几个little 几乎没有a little 少数几个三、不定代词的用法要注意1some系列的词项是肯定词，主要用于肯定句；any系列的词项是非肯定词，主要用于疑问句、否定句或条件状语从句中。它们都既可修饰可数名词，也可修饰不可数名词。There is something wrong with her.她生病了。Th

17、ere isn't anyone in the classroom.教室里没有人。Is there any meat in the kitchen?厨房里还有肉吗？【注意】在Would you like sth.？之类的问句中用some，不用any。2 由some，any，no，every构成的复合不定代词作主语时， 谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。Everyone in China likes the Spring Festival.在中国，人人都喜欢春节。3形容词修饰不定代词时，通常放在不定代词的后面。Please do something special.请做些特别的事情吧。4几组不

18、定代词的区别：(1)both，either，neither这三个词都指两者，both表示“两者都”，either表示“两者中的任何一个”，neither表示“两者都不”。Which do you like better，tea or coffee?你更喜欢哪个，茶还是咖啡？Neither，I like water better.两者都不，我更喜欢水。(2)a few；few；a little；littlea few，few用来修饰可数名词，a little，little用来修饰不可数名词。其中a few，a little表示肯定，意为“有一些”；few，little表示否定，意为“几乎没有”。quite a few和quite a little意为“相当多”；very few和very little