HowToPrepareForAnEarthquakePPT课件

1、Perface First,lets watch a shortvedio and try to answer the questions below:1.Why still so many people lost their lives though warnings were sent before the earthquake in Maharashtra(马哈拉施特)?2.How did scientists test the theory?第1页/共86页The Key To the Question 1.Because most people were at sleep when

2、the earthquake happend. 2.The only way to test their theories is to wait for an earthquake to happen and hope them to stand around afterwards to analyze the data.第2页/共86页Perface Nature is crying Because she is dying And we are not taking good care of nature第3页/共86页PerfaceRemember,Take good care of n

3、ature,Otherwise,Nature wont take care of us.第4页/共86页Perface - Natural Disasters Global WarmingDeforestationTyphoonDebris flow第5页/共86页Perface - Natural DisastersVolcanic EruptionsTornadoFloodLandslide第6页/共86页14:28 BJT, 12 May 2008, A magnitude-8.0 earthquake hit Chinas Sichuan area.Wenchuan City, Cen

4、ter of quake 31d28.7N 103d34.8EChengdu City, Capital of Suchuan Province103 km from quake center第7页/共86页Natural disasters happened in China: The Wenchuan earthquake in 2008第8页/共86页第9页/共86页The earthquake stricken area nowadays如今的汶川映秀镇如今的北川新县城灾民们过上新的生活Perface第10页/共86页Lets learn some new words in this

5、topic第11页/共86页New Words earthquake :rkwek n.地震 detect dtekt vt.发现；查出 experimental kspermentl a.实验的；根据实验的 data det n.资料；信息 radon redn n.(Rn)氡 wax wks vi.变大；增强 n.蜡 withstand wstnd vt.承受；顶住 weld weld vt.焊接 joint dnt n.接头；接缝 a.共有的；联合的 architect :ktekt n.建筑师；设计师 column klm n.柱；支柱；列；栏 horizontal hrzntl a.

6、水平的第12页/共86页New Words beam bi:m n.梁；横梁；光线；光束 vertical v:tkl a.垂直的，竖的 pillar pl(r) n.柱子；柱状物；顶梁柱；骨干 rod rd n. 杆；竿；棒 enclose nklz vt.围住；包住；把.装入信封；附寄 cupboard kbd n.橱柜；壁橱 cabinet kbnt n.储藏柜；陈列柜；内阁 fasten f:sn vt.锁好；闩好 accidental ksdentl a.偶然的；意外的 accidentally ksdentl ad.偶然地；意外地 region ri:dn n.地区；区域 gall

7、on gln n.加仑第13页/共86页New Words bacteria bktri n.细菌 receiver rsi:v(r) n.接收机；接收器 battery btri n.电池 first aid 急救 spade sped n.锹 extinguish kstgw vt.使熄灭；扑灭 extinguisher kstgw n.灭火器 handy hndi a.手边的 portable p:tbl a.轻便的；手提式的 boot bu:t n.靴子 fragment frgmnt n.碎片，断片 chaos kes n.混乱，无秩序第14页/共86页New Words arran

8、gement rendmnt n.安排；筹备 sensible sensbl a.明智的；合理的 crust krst n.外壳；地壳 probability prbblti n.可能性 accuracy kjrsi n.精确性；准确性 prediction prdkn n.预测；预言 occurrence krns n.预测；预言 resistant rzstnt a.对.有抵抗力的；抵制的；对抗的 precaution prk:n n.预防；预防措施 related rletd a.有关系的第15页/共86页How to Prepare for Earthquakes第16页/共86页Em

9、ergencies can happen anywhere at anytime. Its crucial to be prepared before disaster strikes. 1.Preparations for disaster.第17页/共86页Keep a well-stocked first aid kit. Fire extinguishers are affordable. Install smoke, gas and carbon monoxide detectors outside each sleeping area in your home, and chang

10、e batteries regularly.Keep a phone list of emergency contacts in your vehicle and wallet or purse.Children should know their street address and last name, and how to dial 911.What can we do to keep our family and home safe? 第18页/共86页Keep a bag stocked with cash, nonperishable food and water (3 days

11、worth for each family member), battery-powered radio, flashlight, first-aid kit, extra eyeglasses and prescription drugs, change of clothes and sturdy shoes, keys, pet supplies, and blanket or sleeping bag. Make sure all family members know where the bag is kept. 第19页/共86页2. If earthquake occurs, wh

12、at should we do? 1) Put your safety first! 2) Be quick to turn off all heat sources ! 3) If fires breaks out, extinguish it quickly ! 4) Dont rush outside ! 5) Dont go near narrow lanes nor alleys, fences cliffs or riversides ! 第20页/共86页6) Be ready to take precautions against landslides and flooding

13、 ! 7) If evacuations is necessary, go on foot. Carry as little baggage as possible ! 8) Help others, giving first-aid to the injures ! 9) Try to obtain correct information so as not to be misled by rumors ! 10) Dont panic ! Take sanitary precautions ! 第21页/共86页Words & expressions relevant to the

14、 themewater, food, first aid supplies, clothing and bedding, tools and emergency supplies, and special items for medical conditions.electricity and gas, available, minimize usage. fire fighting equipment, bucket, extinguisher.place heavy objects in low positions, attach cupboards to walls, fasten do

15、ors, falling of furniture, dangerous, stay away from downed power lines.an emergency plan, a meeting point, check in with a friend or relative.dont panic, remain calm, patient.第22页/共86页Reference Words: watched animals and plants for warning signs, hens refuse to enter their cages at night,snakes-com

16、e out of the ground, freeze to death,dogs bark a lot.2. Questions to Comprehension1) How have the Chinese traditionally predicted the earthquake? 第23页/共86页张衡地震仪狗狗很紧张！家禽很不淡定啊！我们很害怕啊！第24页/共86页Reference Words:Reference Words:By falling buildings.2) How are most of the people killed in the earthquake? 第

17、25页/共86页Reference Words: an I-joint,equally strong columns and horizontal beams,deep vertical support columns,light roofs and strong walls.3) What kind of building structure mightprevent the great destruction of property ? 第26页/共86页第27页/共86页Reference Words: check/reinforce homes place heavy objects

18、attach cupboards & cabinets fasten doors 4) What should people in areas where earthquakes are common do to prepare their house? 第28页/共86页Reference Words: survival supplies water and food,radio receiver, torch, extra batteries, first-aid supplies, spade, tent, rope, clothing, fire extinguisher, a

19、uxiliary cooking and heating source, heavy shoes or boots.5) What should they do to prepare themselves? 第29页/共86页Reference Words: check in with a far-away friend or relative. 6) What is the reasonable way to keep all the family members informed of each other in a large earthquake city? 第30页/共86页Refe

20、rence Words: education concerning how to survive an earthquake.7) What should be a major emphasis for all government programs and earthquake-related research projects? 第31页/共86页detectwaxwithstandencloseextinguishsensibleresistantprecaution3. Key Words 第32页/共86页Para. 1a Ideally, people would like to

21、know when an earthquake is going to happen and how bad it will be. In both Japan and China, people have long believed that earthquakes can be forecast. In Japan, scientists have wired the Earth and sea to detect movements. The Chinese have traditionally watched animals and plants for warning signs o

22、f earthquakes. 第33页/共86页Para. 1b For example, the Chinese have noted that before an earthquake, hens behavior changesthey refuse to enter their cages at night. They have also noticed that snakes come out of the ground to freeze to death and that dogs bark a lot, even normally quiet dogs. Before the

23、Hanshin earthquake in Japan, there were reports of large schools of fish swimming near the surface of the water. Text Analyzing and Reading句型句型第34页/共86页Para. 1c Certain birds, like pigeons, also seemed to be especially noisy and were reported to be flying in unusual patterns before the earthquake. P

24、erhaps most interesting, and most easily measured, is a chemical change in ground water before a quake. Experimental data seem to indicate that the amount of radon (Rn) in the water under the surface of the Earth waxes before an earthquake. Text Analyzing and Reading第35页/共86页“In Japan, scientists ha

25、ve wired the Earth and sea to detect movement.” (L3)在日本，科学家通过在陆上和海洋铺设电线来监测其运动。第36页/共86页Para. 2a People would also like to be able to prevent the great destruction of property caused by earthquakes. After all, most of the people who die in earthquakes are killed by falling buildings. Therefore, build

26、ing structures that can withstand the power of earthquakes is a major concern. Steel seems to be the best material, but not if it is welded to form a rigid structure. Text Analyzing and Reading第37页/共86页Para. 2b Many new structures are built with a new type of steel joint, an I-joint, which appears t

27、o be the most durable type of joint. These joints of steel can move without breaking. Also, to prevent property damage, architects now design buildings so that the buildings columns and horizontal beams are of equal strength, and vertical support columns are inserted deep into solid soil. Text Analy

28、zing and Reading第38页/共86页Para. 2c In addition, many new houses have relatively light roofs and strong walls. Concrete pillars for highway bridges that previously only had steel rods inside are now enclosed in steel. Text Analyzing and Reading第39页/共86页be inserted deep into “Also, to prevent property

29、damage, architects now design buildings so that the buildings columns and horizontal beams are of equal strength, and vertical support columns are inserted deep into solid soil. (L24)同样，为了预防财产损失，建筑师如今设计楼房时会使房屋的支柱和横梁力度相等，而垂直支柱则深深插入深深插入坚实的地基中。第40页/共86页insert sth. into / in / between 第41页/共86页Para. 3 B

30、esides working to improve building structures, people in areas where earthquakes are common need to prepare for the possibility of a great earthquake. They should regularly check and reinforce their homes, place heavy objects in low positions, attach cupboards and cabinets to walls, and fasten doors

31、 so that they will not open accidentally during an earthquake.Text Analyzing and Reading第42页/共86页A reasonable arrangement is that every member of the family should call a friend or relative who lives more than a hundred miles away to .明智的安排是，让所有的家人都给一个住在一百多英里之外的朋友或亲戚打电话，以报平安。 A sensible arrangement

32、is to have all of the members of the family call to check in with a friend or relative who lives more than a hundred miles away. (L55)check in 第43页/共86页check in 第44页/共86页Para. 4a In addition to preparing their houses, people in these regions need to prepare themselves. They should have supplies of w

33、ater and food at home and at work. It is best to store several gallons of water per person. It is also important to have something that can clean water and kill bacteria, so water from other sources can be made safe to drink. Text Analyzing and Reading第45页/共86页Para. 4b Store one weeks food for each

34、person. Earthquake survival supplies include a radio receiver, a torch, extra batteries, first aid supplies, a spade, a tent, some rope, and warm clothing. Experts also suggest the following:Text Analyzing and Reading第46页/共86页Para. 5a Keep a fire extinguisher handy. You should have one at home, at w

35、ork, and in your car (if you have one). The fire extinguisher should be able to put out any type of fire. Have the proper tools to turn off gas and water lines if necessary. Arrange an auxiliary cooking and heating source that can be used outside. One alternative is a portable camp stove with small

36、cans of gas. Text Analyzing and Reading第47页/共86页Para. 5b Keep a pair of heavy, comfortable shoes or boots in your home, at work, and in your vehicle. If there is an earthquake, there will be lots of fragments of broken glass. Light shoes will not protect your feet as well as heavy shoes will.Text An

37、alyzing and Reading第48页/共86页Para. 6a Every family needs to have earthquake emergency plans. How will family members leave the area during the chaos following an earthquake? Everyone should agree on a meeting point outside of the areaperhaps in a town several miles away. Also important is an arrangem

38、ent for family members to communicate if there is an earthquake. Text Analyzing and Reading第49页/共86页Para. 6b If an earthquake happens in a large city, many of the telephone lines within the city are likely to be down. The few remaining working lines will be busy with the calls that naturally occur a

39、fter a disaster and it will be difficult to call from one part of the city to another. It might, however, be possible to call outside the city. A sensible arrangement is to have all of the members of the family call to check in with a friend or relative who lives more than a hundred miles away.Text

40、Analyzing and Reading第50页/共86页Para. 7a Although scientists still cannot predict earthquakes, they are learning a great deal about how the large plates in the Earths crust move, the stresses between plates, how earthquakes work, and the general probability that a given place will have an earthquake.

41、Someday soon it may actually become possible to predict earthquakes with accuracy. Text Analyzing and Reading第51页/共86页Para. 7b However, even if prediction becomes possible, people who live in areas where earthquakes are a common occurrence will still have to do their best to prevent disasters by bui

42、lding structures that are resistant to ground movement and by being personally prepared. These precautions can make a great difference in saving lives and preventing the loss of homes. Education concerning how to survive an earthquake should be a major emphasis for all government programs and earthq

43、uake-related research projects. 句型句型Text Analyzing and Reading第52页/共86页 are resistant towho live in areas (where earthquake are a common occurrence)by building structures (that are resistant to ground movement)by being personally prepared第53页/共86页然而，即使可以预测，居住在地震频发区的人们还是应尽力预防灾难，办法是建造能够抵抗地表运动的房屋，同事做好个

44、人准备。Paraphrase: However, even if it is possible to predict earthquakes, people who live in areas where earthquakes are frequent will still have to try their best to prevent disaster, by building structures strong enough to resist ground movement; by personal preparations for earthquakes第54页/共86页be r

45、esistant to第55页/共86页 To prepare for the possibility of a great earthquake. To predict when an earthquake is going to happen. 1. Structure of TextPara.1Para. 3-6 Even if prediction becomes possible, people still have to do their best to prevent disasters by improving building structures and by being

46、personally prepared.Para. 7 To prevent the great destruction of property caused by earthquakes.Para. 2第56页/共86页Translate the following into English. 1) 地震预报 2) 大批鱼群 3) 重大财产损失 4) 雨林的毁坏 5) 倒塌的建筑物 6) 焊条 7) 合资企业 8) 加固房门 a welding rod1. Expressions earthquake forecast large schools of fish the great dest

47、ruction of property the destruction of rain forest falling building a joint venture fasten the door第57页/共86页 9) 挂断电话 10) 备用电池 11) 地震救生储备 12) 急救用品 13) 便携式露营灶 14) 明智的安排 15) 跟相比 16) 依照，与一致 17) 开始(从事)，喜欢上，逃入 18) 就而论 19) 与极不成比例的 a sensible arrangement hang up the receiver extra battery earthquake surviva

48、l supplies first-aid supplies a portable camp stove compare with / to in accordance with take to in terms of out of the proportion to sth.第58页/共86页 20) 使发生 21) 靠活下来，生存 22) 用尽，用光 23) 利用 24) 接受，容忍 25) 不知道，不了解 26) 参加，参与 27) 对惊慌 28) 计算出；解决，领会到 29) 由于 30) 定居，平静下来 be ignorant of bring about survive on use

49、 up take advantage of live with participate in be alarmed at figure out thanks to settle down第59页/共86页1) detect vt:Many forms of cancers can be cured if detected early. 如果许多癌症在早期被发现，那么是可以治愈的。 notice or discover, esp. using a special method 察觉，发现；探测第60页/共86页detectable a. 可发觉的，可看穿的detective n./a. 侦探，侦

50、探的detection n. 察觉，探测；侦察 detect sb. in (doing) sth. 发觉某人在做(坏事)He was detected in the act of cheating on the exam.他考试时作弊被发现了。第61页/共86页2) waxIt is obvious that a coating of wax was put on the paper.显然，纸上涂了一层蜡。vi. increase; grow 变大，增强U. a solid fatty or oily substance 蜡Her feelings for John wax and wine

51、.她对约翰的感情时好时坏。(月的)盈亏圆缺 喻盛衰第62页/共86页3) withstand vt.:bear or resist 经受，承受，顶住第63页/共86页这双鞋子很耐穿。The pair of shoes withstands hard wear.军队太弱了，抵挡不了任何进攻。The troops were too weak to withstand any attack 第64页/共86页4) enclose vt.:他们用篱笆围住了院子。They enclosed their yard with a fence.surround围住，包住put sth. in an envel

52、ope or parcel附寄兹附上200美元支票。I enclosed herein a check for 200 US dollars.enclosed a. 被附上的enclosure n. 圈地，围栏；随信附件第65页/共86页5) extinguish vt.:to extinguish a fire 灭火put out使熄灭，扑灭end the existence of sth.使(希望等)破灭His dream of an actor is extinguished withthe failure.他的演员梦随着失败而破灭。distinguish v. 区别，辨别第66页/共8

53、6页6) sensible a.:预防总是比治疗更明智，而且花费更少。Prevention is always more sensible and less costly than cure. based on good judgment and practical ideas 明智的，合理的a sensible man 理智的人a sensible decision 明智的决定a sensible arrangement 合理的安排 第67页/共86页7) resistant a.:offering resistance抵抗的，对抗的第68页/共86页persistent a. 坚持的，固执

54、的；持续的insistent a. 坚持不懈的assistant n./a. 助手，助理 助理的，辅助的Conservative people are usually resistant to change.保守的人通常反对变化。第69页/共86页8) Precaution n.:an action done to prevent sth. from happening预防，预防措施take precaution against 采取预防的措施政府采取了各种预防措施，以防止非典的进一步蔓延。The government has taken all precautions to prevent

55、further spreading of SARS. 第70页/共86页留意，观察离开，从出来别忘了；毕竟，终究将插入，嵌入将附在/缚在救生储备熄灭，扑灭救急计划4. Useful Expressions watch for come out ofafter allinsert intoattach tosurvival suppliesput outemergency plan第71页/共86页wire5. Key and Difficult Sentences1) “In Japan, scientists have wired the Earth and sea to detect mo

56、vement.” (L3)在日本，科学家通过在陆上和海洋铺设电线来监测其运动。第72页/共86页be inserted deep into 2) “Also, to prevent property damage, architects now design buildings so that the buildings columns and horizontal beams are of equal strength, and vertical support columns are inserted deep into solid soil. (L24)同样，为了预防财产损失，建筑师如今

57、设计楼房时会使房屋的支柱和横梁力度相等，而垂直支柱则深深插入坚实的地基中。第73页/共86页insert sth. into / in / between 第74页/共86页check in 第75页/共86页第76页/共86页 However, even if prediction becomes possible, people who live in areas where earthquakes are a common occurrence will still have to do their best to prevent disasters by building struct

58、ures that are resistant to ground movement and by being personally prepared. (L 61)Main Structure? people , will still have to do their best to prevent disasterswho live in areas (where earthquake are a common occurrence)by building structures (that are resistant to ground movement)by being personally prepared第77页/共86页然而，即使可以预测，居住在地震频发区的人们还是应尽力预防灾难，办法是建造能够抵抗地表运动的房屋，同事做好个人准备。Paraphrase: However, even if it is possible to predict earthquakes, people who live in areas where earthquakes are freque