高中语法动词不定式（29张）ppt课件

1、Do you believe I can fly like a bird?How can you believe I can fly like a bird? _is to believe. Its impossible for humans _now.To seeto fly like a bird构造构造 : to do;(否认否认) not to do 二二. 时态与语态时态与语态 主动语态主动语态 被动语态被动语态 一般式一般式 进行式进行式 完成式完成式完成进行式完成进行式不定式不定式 to do to be done to be doing to have done to have

2、 been done to have been doing-(1).They pretended not to see us.(2). He pretended to be sleeping. (3).She pretended to have known it before.( (普通式表示与谓语的动作同时普通式表示与谓语的动作同时/ /几乎同时几乎同时/ /发生在发生在它之后它之后.).)( (进展式表示在谓语动词发生的同时进展式表示在谓语动词发生的同时, ,不定式的动作不定式的动作也正在进展也正在进展) )( (完成式表示动作发生在谓语动作之前完成式表示动作发生在谓语动作之前) )(4)

3、.Were happy to have been working with you. ( (完成进展式表示谓语动作发生之前完成进展式表示谓语动作发生之前, ,不定式的不定式的动作不断在进展而且能够之后也继续动作不断在进展而且能够之后也继续) )1. 作主语作主语2. 作宾语作宾语3. 作宾语补足语作宾语补足语4. 作定语作定语5. 作状语作状语6. 作表语作表语7. 作独立成分作独立成分8. 与疑问词等连用与疑问词等连用(1).不定式作主语时不定式作主语时,往往放在谓语之后往往放在谓语之后,用用it作方式主语作方式主语. To see is to believe. Its impossible

4、 for humans to fly like a bird now. He likes to_. I find it still necessary (for him) to _ if he wants to win.(3) 不定式作宾语不定式作宾语play basketball句型：句型：think/ consider/ find it + adj.+ to do practice My job to_. Your task to_ .(2).不定式作表语不定式作表语protect the world.常接动词不定式作宾语的动词有：常接动词不定式作宾语的动词有：agree, afford,

5、 appear, ask, attempt；care, choose；dare,decide,demand,deserve,determine；expect, fail, get, guarantee保证；保证；hate, hesitate, hope, hurry；intend, learn, manage, offer,plan, prepare, pretend, promise；refuse, seem, tend, threaten；want, wish 等等+ to do。The teacher told me to_I expect you to_.(4). 不定式作宾补不定式作

6、宾补hand in my papershelp me The teacher told me to clean the blackboard.I expect you to give me some help.引导不定式作宾补的动词：引导不定式作宾补的动词：五看五看 watch see look at observe notice三三使使 let make have 二听 listen to hear一觉得一觉得: feelWarn, tell, allow, help, ask, force，expect等等+sb to do sth+ sb do sth省略省略toI have somet

7、hing to say,but my brother has a lot of homework _,so I am looking for someone _.(5).不定式作定语不定式作定语不定式作定语时，不定式作定语时，应放在被修饰词的后面，应放在被修饰词的后面，而且放在其他后置定语之后。而且放在其他后置定语之后。1. 作定语的不定式假设是不及物动词，或者不作定语的不定式假设是不及物动词，或者不定式所修饰的名词或代词是不定式动作的地点、定式所修饰的名词或代词是不定式动作的地点、工具等，不定式后面须有相应的介词。工具等，不定式后面须有相应的介词。 He is looking for a r

8、oom to live in.2. 不定式所修饰的名词假设是不定式所修饰的名词假设是time, place或或way，不定式后面的介词习惯上要省去。不定式后面的介词习惯上要省去。 He had no money and no place to live in.3. something, anything, nothing, everything等等复合不定代词常用不定式做后置定语。复合不定代词常用不定式做后置定语。留意比较：留意比较：1) Have you anything to send? 他有什么东西要寄吗？他有什么东西要寄吗？2) Have you anything to be sent

9、? 他有什么要我或他人寄的东西吗？他有什么要我或他人寄的东西吗？ 不定式不定式to send的动作执行者是的动作执行者是you不定式不定式to be sent的动作执行者是的动作执行者是已被省略的已被省略的me 或或someone elseI got up early enough to_. I hurried to the station only to _.(6) 不定式作状语不定式作状语in order to , so as to ,enough to ,only to , too.to.,catch the trainTo tell the truth, I am not happy

10、at the moment.(7).独立构造独立构造to be frank, to be honest, to tell the truth He didnt know_. She found out _.(8) . 与疑问词等连用与疑问词等连用what to sayhow to solve the problem不定式与疑问词不定式与疑问词who,which, when, how, what who,which, when, how, what 等连用，在句中起名词作用，可充任主语、表等连用，在句中起名词作用，可充任主语、表语、宾语等。语、宾语等。He didnt know what to

11、say.(宾语宾语) How to solve the problem is very important.(主语主语) My question is when to start. (表语表语)留意：留意：在与在与whywhy连用时，只用于连用时，只用于whywhy或或why notwhy not开头的简开头的简短疑问句中，后面紧跟的动词不定式不带短疑问句中，后面紧跟的动词不定式不带toto。 Why not have a rest? Why not have a rest?(9) 不定式的省略不定式的省略 (1).不定式中的动词上文已出现过不定式中的动词上文已出现过,下文要下文要 省略该动词

12、省略该动词. e.g.: Would you like to go with me ? Id like to.(2). 不定式是不定式是to be 构造构造, be 不可省不可省. e.g.: Would you like to be a teacher? Id like to be.1. The patient was warned _ oily food after the operation. A. to eat not B.eating not C. not to eat D.not eating2. I would love _ to the party last night but

13、 I had to work extra hours to finish a report. A. to go B. to have gone C. going D. having gone3. Charles Babbage is generally considered _the first computer. A. to invent B. inventing C. to have invented D. having invented4. Little Jim should love _ to the theatre this evening. A. to be taken B. to

14、 take C. being taken D. taking5. _ late in the afternoon, Bob turned off the alarm. A. To sleep B. Sleeping C. Sleep D. Having sleep6. The teacher asked us _ so much noise. A. dont make B. not make C. not making D. not to make7. Paul doesnt have to be made _. He always works hard. A. learn B. to lea

15、rn C. learned D. learning8. The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street, but his mother told him _. A. not to B. not to do C. not to ride D. do not to9. Robert is said _ abroad, but I dont know what country he studied in.to have studied B. to study C. to be studying D. to have been studying10.

16、The purpose of new technologies is to make life easier, _ it more difficult.not make B. not to make C. not making D. dont make11. Ive worked with children before, so I know what _ in my new job.expected B. to expect C. to be expecting D. expects12. Having a trip abroad is certainly good for the old

17、couple, but it remains _ whether they will enjoy it. A. to see B. to be seen C. seeing D. see13. It is said in Australia there is more land than the government knows _.it what to do with B. what to do with it C. what to do it with D. to do what with itText book P5 ex3He is known to have spent eighte

18、en years fighting for slaves.To free slaves was his ambition.He was a very kind man, who did not like to see people going hungry or in pain.A master was able by law to treat his servant as he wished.He was in politics and so able to help pass the law which made.The law was passed which was eventually to abolish slavery in England.Workbook: p49 ex 2 1. She wanted to fly from America to China on her own. 2. Her friends began to worry about her.3. To attempt such a long journey on your own when you are