八年级下册英语语法总结

1、八年级下册英语语法总结Unit6 Fun CyclingWere going on a spring field trip. 重点词汇（ 一 ） 词形转换: （名词） discussion （对应词） king （名词） comfort词 ） safety（ 二 ） 词的辨析1. find out / look for / find2. cost / pay for / spend on 3.se /rise/every / excited（三）重点词组 :主意）y 筹钱Topic1（形容词 ） safe （名other /else 4. raion a visit to 去.旅行2. mak

2、e the decision 做决定back 带回on a field trip 去野外旅行on （upon）sth6 see the sunrise 看日出7. make areservation 预订 8. comeup with 想出9. look forward to （doing）sth 期望10. pay for 支付；赔偿11. raise mone12. book a ticket 订票13. make aroom for sb 为.订房间14. have a wonderful time玩得愉快15. in thedaytime 在白天16. a two-day visit

3、为期两天的旅行 名胜out 查出18. some places of interest19. rooms with bathtub 带浴室的房间20 a hard （soft） sleeper 硬（软）卧pleasure 不客气二重点句型及重点语言点1. I have some exciting news to tell you. 我有一些激动人心的消息要告诉你们。to tell you 是动词不定式短语，作定语。动词不定式作定语时常放在被修饰的名词或代词之后。如： I have nothingto talk about. He has a lot of work to do.2. Sound

4、s great!= It soundsgreat! 听起来不错。3. We will go on a two-dayvisit to Mount Tai. 我们将要去泰山玩两天。go on a visit to 去参观/旅游 They went to a visit to Egypt last year. 类似有： go on a trip / go on apicnica two-day visit 为期两天的旅行 a two-month holiday 两个月的假期an eighteen-year-old boy 一个 18 岁的男孩4It shard to say. 这很难说。 To s

5、ay 是动词不定式作主语， It 是形式主语。 如： It s nice tomeet you.5. I llask the airline on the phone. 我将打电话问问航空公司。同义句是：I ll phone and ask the airline.6. Bring back your information to class tomorrow and we ll decide on the b est way to go on ourfield trip. 明天把你们查到的信息带到班上来，然后我们来决定 最好的郊游方式。bring back 带回。 Please bring

6、back your library books tomorrow. decide on/upon sth 决定，选定 We re trying to decide on a school. s too far for cycling. 骑自行车去路太远了。同义句是： It too far to cycle ther e.long does it take to reach Mount Tai by ？乘 去泰山要花多长时间?9How much does it cost to go there ?去那里要花多少钱？How much does a standard room cost ? 一个标准

7、间的价格是多少？have tickets at 120 yuan for the hard sleeper and 180 yuan for the soft sle eper.我们的票价是硬卧 120 元，软卧是 180 元。at 意为“以” 一般用于表示价格，年龄，速度等词的前面，for 意为“供，适合于” I vegot tickets at 80 yuan for The Sound of Music.d like to book 20 tickets for the hard sleep er. 我要预订 20 张硬卧票。20 tickets for the hard sleeper

8、= 20 hard sleeper tickets book tickets 预订票 book a room for sb/sth为 预订房间. We want to book some rooms for 14th. 我们想预订一些 14 号的房间。12 Please pay for the tickets before 5:30 . 请在下午 5：30 之前付款。Pay for 支付 pay for sb to do sth 付钱给某人做某事. Her parents paid for her to go to America. 她的父母支付她去美国的费用 .13. I want to m

9、ake a hotel reservation. 我想预订房间。 make a reservation 预订14. We have rooms with a bathtub 我们有带浴缸的房间。 with 有或带着 a house with aswimming poola standard room with two single beds s very common to raise money in Canadian and American schools. 在加拿大 和美国的学校里筹钱是很正常的。 raise money 筹钱 We can raise the money ours e

10、lves.costs each student one dollar to buy a ticket for the draw. 每一个学生花一美 元便可买到一张抽奖的票。（1）each 作主语，谓语用单数 Each of the students spends one dollar buying a ti cket. （2 ）用于单数名词前，作定语，谓语用单数。 Each student has their own email address.（3） 用于复数主语后，作主语同位语，谓语用复数。 They each have their own e-mail address.17. I am

11、looking forward to hearing from you . 我盼望收到你的来信。Look forward to 盼望，期待 They are looking forward to solving the problem. 三.重点语法动词不定式（ 1）动词不定式常跟这些及物动词之后，want ,refuse, forget, need , try, learn , li ke, agree, help,hope ,decide, begin 等。可用顺口溜 （要想拒绝忘记， 需要努力学习， 喜欢同意帮助，希望决定开始）（ 2） 不定式的否定形式是在 to 的前面直接加 not.

12、 My mother decided not to buy a computer forme.（ 3） 不定式可以和疑问词 who , which ,when, where ,how, what 等连用。 Can y ou tell me whatto say at the meeting ? I don t know how to get to the st ation.（ 4） 本 topic 出现的句子有：I have some exciting news to tell you.I want to make a hotel reservation.It is very common t

13、o raise money in Canadian and American schools.The best way to raise money is to sell newspapers.I think the most exciting way is to sell flowers in the evening. Kangkang helped us to book the traintickets.Topic2 How about exploring the Ming Tombs ?一、重点词汇：（一）词形转换：（名词） explore 2. east （形容词 ） eastern

14、（形容词） northern4. push （反义词 ） pull （形容词 ） sad （名词） sadness 6. crowd （形容词 ） crowded （二）重点词组 :a plan 拟定计划 2. make sure 确信，确保 3. come along with 和.一起来4. at the foot of 在.的脚下5. be surprised at 对.感到惊奇6. be satisfied with 对.感到满意7. out of sight 看不见8. step on one s toes 踩着某人的脚9. can t help doing sth 忍不住做某事10

15、. spread over 分布于out 冲出去one s head 抬头sb for help 向某人求助goodness 谢天谢地二 重点句型及重点语言点1. While you were enjoying your trip, I was busy preparing for my exams. 当 你在旅行时， 我正忙于准备考试。（1）be busy doing sth,/ be busy with sth 忙于做某事I m busy preparing for my birthday party these days.while 当时候，引导时间状语从句。当一个动作在正在进行时，另一

16、个动作也同时进行。 While my mother was cooking , I was watching TV.you help me plan a trip ? 请你帮我定个旅行计划好吗？Would you 比 will you 语气更加客气，委婉 , 类似还有 could youCould you come along with us3. They surveyed the area to make sure their tombs faced south and had m ountains at the back.他们仔细勘测了整个区域，确保这些陵墓是坐北朝南，而且在背 后有群山环

17、绕。make sure 确信，确保 Make sure all the windows are closed before you leave.s about two and a half hours by bike. 骑自行车大约要 2 个半小时。Two and a half hours = two hours and a half s to the east of Yongling. 它在永陵的东面。to the + 方位词 +of （表示互不接壤 ） Japan is to the on the+方位词 +of （表示相互接壤 ）Fujian is on the in the + 方位词

18、 +of 表示在某一范围内的地区 Beijingwalked into Dingling and were surprised at the wonders.他们走进定陵，对那里 的奇观感到很惊奇。be surprised at 对.感至 U 很惊奇 He is surprised at dragons.be surprised to do sth 惊奇地做某事 She was surprised to find she was lost.7.sdhey had to look for space to park their bikes 他们不得不寻找停自行车的地方space 空间 Can y

19、ou make space for this old man ?8. While the crowd was pushing him in different directions, someone steppe d on his toes.当人群从四面八方挤来时，有人踩了他的脚。in one s direction 朝着某人的方向 step on one s toes 踩了某人的脚step on sth 踩某物 Don t step on the flowers and grass.he finally rushed out of the crowd, he noticed his frie

20、nds were both out of sight.当他最后冲出人群时，他注意到他的两个朋友都不见了。notice sb do sth 注意某人做了某事 notice sb doing sth 注意某人正在做某事10. As soon as the three boys saw each other, they all jumped up happily. 三个男孩一见面，就高兴得跳了起来。eastofsouth of Zhejang .is in the north of China.as soon as 引导时间状语从句 意为“一就”He left as soon as he heard

21、 the news.I lltell him as soon as I see him.didn traise his head until someone called his name. 直到有人喊他的名字，他 才抬起头。notuntil 直到.才were so lovely that we couldn thelp playing with them. 它们太可爱了，我们禁不住和它们一起玩。can t help doing sth 忍不住做某事 When I heard the funny news, I couldn t help laughing.13. I am satisfied

22、 with everything in China. 我对在中国的一切感到满意。 be satisfied with 对感到满意 He is satisfied with my work.14. We even asked the guard for help. 我们甚至向保安寻求帮助。ask sb for help 向某人求助 Thelost boy asked the police for help. 三.重点语法时间状语从句1。引导词：（1） when, while , as 当时候. when 后可跟短暂性动词也可跟延续性动词； whil e 后跟延续性动词； as 多用于口语，强调同

23、一时间，或一前一后。The students were talking in the classroom when the teacher came in.= While the students were talking in the classroom , the teacher came in. 学 生在教室里谈话时，老师进来了。Mother always sings as she cooks dinner for us. 妈妈总是边给我们做饭边唱歌。(2)notuntil 直到才，主句谓语动词常用短暂性动词I won t leave here until the rain stops.

24、He didn tsleep until his mother came back home.(3) after 在.之后，before 在.之前，as soon as 一.就I went to sleep after I finished my homework.=I finished my homeworkore I went to sleep.As soon as the bell rings , the students will go into the classroom.2.时态(1)当主句为一般过去时时，从句常用过去的某种时态。While I was doing my homew

25、ork , the telephone rang.(2)当主句的时态为一般将来时， 从句用一般现在时。I will call you as soon as I get to Beijing.本 topic 出现的句子有：you were enjoying your trip, I was busy preparing for my exams.didn traise his head until someo ne called his name.the crowd was pushing him in different directions, someone stepped on toes.

26、4. As soon as the three boys saw each other, they all jumped up happily. they rode their bikes fortwo and a half hours, Kangkanf , Michael and en arrived at the Ming Tombs.they were exploring happily, the crowd became larger and larger.Topic3 Bicycles are popular with peoplebefhisDarr一、重点词汇：（一）词形转换：

27、1. death （动词） die （形容词 ）dead 2 slow （副词 ） slowly（动词） cross 介词） across 4. success （动词） succeed （形容词 successful5 Pain （形容词 ） painful 6. lead （名词） leader1 I think traffic in Beijing is crazy. 我认为北京的交通很拥堵。traffic 是不可数名词2. If people obey the traffic rules , there will be fewer accidents. 如果人们都遵 守交通规则，交通事

28、故将会减少。If we break the traffic rules, it will be dangerous and we will get a fine. 如果 人们违反交通规则，将很危险，我们会受到处罚的。这是 if 引导条件状语从句，主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时。（二）重点词组 :1 Slow down减速2. run into 撞到4. warn sb todo sth警告/提醒某人做某事6 get used to（doing） 习惯于做某事8. be popularwith 受的欢迎10. go on doing sth 继续做某事12. obey the traffic

29、 rules 遵守交通规则14. be afraid of doing sth 害怕做某事16. be in danger 处于危险中 二 重点句型及重点语言点9 courage （动词） encourage3. avoid doing sth 避免 防止做某事5. ride into 进入 跻身于7. a sharp turn 急转弯9. get a fine 处以罚金11. the way to success 成功之路the traffic rules 违反交通规则famous for 因.闻名a while 一会儿（副词） finally 8impossible （反义词 ） poss

30、ible3I feel a little more confident. 我感到自信多了。 more confident 是比较级4. It can help us save energy and avoid pollution. 这样可以节约能源以及避免空 气污染。 avoidsth / doing sth 避免做某事You should avoid making the mistake like that.He ran into the wall to avoid hitting the truck.are popular with people. 自行车深受人们欢迎。Be popular with 受.欢迎6 It warns us to be more careful. Warn sb (not)to d