定语从句归纳

1、欢迎阅读定语从句（the attributive clause一. 什么叫定语从句？一个句子作定语就叫定语从句。二. 定语从句的结构及种类1. 结构：关系词+主语+谓语+其它2. 种类：限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句三. 关系词的分类及关系词1. 关系代词： who, whom, whose, that ,which, as2. 关系畐寸词：when, where, why四. 关系词的功用1. 起连接作用，引导定语从句2. 在定语从句中作一个成分一一主语，宾语，状语，定语，表语。五. 什么是先行词？被定语从句所修饰的词是先行词。六. 关系词的用法1. who当先行词是指人得名词或代词，而且

2、关系词在句中作主语时，选who oThe boy who is sta nding over there is Tom.He who doesn'treach the Great Wall is not a true man.2. whom当先行词是指人得名词，而且关系词在句中作主语时，选whom.This is our En glish teacher whom everybody likes.3. whose 当先行词是指人的名词，而且关系词在句中作定语时，选whose.This is my deskmate whose father works in a factory. 当先行

3、词是指物的名词，而且关系在句中作定语时，选whose.We study in a classroom whose wi ndows face to the south.4. that 当先行词是指物的名词，关系词在句中作主语时，选that.This is a mach ine that can walk. 当先行词是指物的名词，关系词在句中作宾语时，选that.另外，that可以省略。I like the prese nt (that) my father sent me. 当先行词是指人的名词，关系词也可选用that=whoThe boy that/who is play ing footb

4、all on the play ground is my brother.5. which当先行词是指物的名词时，关系词也可选用which，它在句中作主语或宾语，which=that6. 下列情况下，关系词只能选用that 当先行词为不定代词 something, anything, nothing, everything时Is there anything that I can do for you? 当先行词为不定代词all时Mr. Li does all that he can to do his work well. 当先行词被all, some, any修饰时These are al

5、l the things that I have done today. 当先行词被the only, the very修饰时欢迎阅读This is the only computer that he often turns to for help. 当先行词被序数词，形容词最高级修饰时This is the clea ning room that you can see here. time作先行词，前面有序数词或last修饰时This is the last time that I'll give you pocket mon ey. 尽管先行词指人，但关系词在句中作表语时。He

6、is no Ion ger the child that he used to be 20 years ago 以who开头的特殊疑问句，尽管先行词指人。Who is the person that is sitting on the ground ? 当先行词包括人和物时。7. 下列情况下，关系词只能选 which 在非限制性定语从句中。This is my favorite pen, which I bought yesterday. 先行词不是一个词，而是前面整个句子的概念时The boy is very polite, which makes his pare nts happy. 当

7、先行词指物，用“介词+which”This is the pen with which I often write.8. asAs引导定语从句时，有四种情况。As在句中作主语，宾语。 as单独引导定语从句。As we all know (=As is known to us all), Yao Mi ng is a famous basketball player. the sameas 与一样I have the same idea as you. such as 和 一样Don 'read such a book as youca n' understa nd. asas和

8、口一样In this library, you can borrow as many books as you can.9. where 当先行词是指地点的名词，而且关系副词在句中作状语时，选where, where=#词+whichThis is the classroom where we study. 尽管先行词是指地点的名词，但关系词在句中作主语，宾语时，只能选 that/which.This is the factory that/which makes paperThis is the factory(that/which) we visited yesterday. 尽管先行词是

9、指地点的名词，关系词在句中作主语，宾语，但非限制性定语从句只能用whichThis is the school, which he visited. the one是代词，代替前面的名词，其后的that/which往往省略。Is this factory the one you visited? 当situation, job, mark, race, point等模糊概念的名词，关系词在句中作状语时，选whereYou ' better make a mark where you have any questi ons. 尽管先行词是指地点的名词，关系词在句中作状语，但定语从句末有介

10、词时，选which。This is the lab which we do experime nts in.10. when 当先行词是指时间的名词，而且关系副词在句中作状语时，选when，when=介词+whichWe will n ever forget the days whe n we stayed with Mr. Smith. 尽管先行词是指时间的名词，但关系词在句中作主语，宾语时，选 that或which。欢迎阅读Mon day is the day which/that comes before Tuesday.We will n ever forget the days (t

11、hat/which) we spe nt with him. 尽管先行词是指时间的名词，关系词在句中作主语，宾语，但非限制性定语从句只能选which oWedn esday is the day, which comes before Thursday. one作替代词，代替前面表示时间的名词，其后的that/which往往省略。That was an excit ing mome nt, one I will remember forever. time作先行词，前面有序数词或last时，只能选that。Is this the third time that you have been la

12、te for school this week?11. why 当先行词是指表示原因的名词reason时，如果关系副词作状语，选 why，why=for which.This is the reas on why I didn'atte nd the meet ing yesterday. 当先行词是表示原因的名词reason时，如果关系副词在句中作宾语，选that/which,也可省略。My pare nts did n'believe the reas on (that/ which) I give him.七. 介词 +which/whom1. 介词 +which/who

13、m 介词的选择根据下面四种情况a. 根据定语从句中的谓语动词Who is the pers on with whom you shook hands just now?b. 根据定语从句中的形容词In lear ning En glish, he had two things about which he was not sure.c. 根据定语从句所修饰的先行词This is the bike by which I go to school.d. 根据句意。This is the train on which he works. 如果关系词指人，选 whom，如果关系词指物，选 which。

14、2. 不定代词 +of+which/whom常用的不定代词有： both, neither, either两者之一 )，all, none, many, most, some, anyMr. Li has two sons, both of whom are college stude nts.There are 10.000 books in this library, most of which are interesting.3. 数词，分词，百分数+of+which/whomThere are 50 stude nts in our class, two thirds of whom

15、are girls.4. the+名词 +of+which=whose+ 名词He has just bought a magaz ine, the cover of which (=whose cover) is miss ing.5. 介词 +whose+名词This is our school teachi ng build ing, on whose top there is a red flag.八. 非限制性定语从句如果主语和定语从句之间有个逗号，它就是非限制性定语从句。弓I导非限制性的定语从句的关系词有： which，who, when, where, why, whom, wh

16、ose.九. 分隔性的定语从句有时定语从句和先行词之间被其他词隔开，把这种从句叫分隔性的定语从句。The days are gone whe n China used foreig n oil.=Gone are the days whe n China used foreig n oil.十. The way作先行词，引导定语从句的关系词有三种情况：that, in which省略。I don 'like the wayDyou do thi ngs.A. that B. in which C. x D. all of the above欢迎阅读十一一 .One of +the+复数

17、名词+定语从句，谓语动词用复数，the only one of +the复数名词+定语从句， 谓语动词用单数。He is one of the teachers in our school who teach well.He is the only one of the teachers in our school who teaches well.十二.在定语从句中，谓语动词的单数，复数依据它所修饰的先行词。I, who am your teacher, will help you with everyth ing.He who breaks the school rules should be puni shed.Those who