商务信函翻译

1、商贸翻译商贸翻译商务信函的定义与功能商务信函的定义与功能 不仅是用来沟通的媒介，还可以有效地取代面对面的登门拜访，建构和维系彼此间的友谊，吸引与争取客户，以及为公司塑造良好的形象。 商务信函的分类商务信函的分类 以信息功能为主以信息功能为主 1. 建立业务关系函（cooperation intention） 2. 产品推销函（promotion） 3. 资信查询函（credit inquiry） 4. 询盘函（inquiry） 5. 发盘还盘函（offer and counter-offer） 6. 订购函（purchase） 7.装运通知函（shipment） 8.支付结算函（ paymen

2、t ） 9. 索赔函（claim） 10. 保险函（insurance） 以表情功能为主以表情功能为主 感谢信 祝贺信 道歉信 慰问信商务信函的篇章结构商务信函的篇章结构 开头部分（Opening Section） 主题命题部分（Propositional Section） 结尾部分（Closing Section）英文商务信函的结构英文商务信函的结构 1. 信头 （Heading），包括寄信人的地址和日期 2. 信内地址（Inside address），即收信人的地址 3. 文档号（Reference），如：Our ref:WFX/SQ, Your ref: JS201/SD707 4. 收

3、函方主办人或主要负责人， 如Attention: The Sales Manager 或 To: The Sales Manager 5. 称呼（Salutation） 6. 事由标题（Caption/Subject/Reference） 7. 正文（Body） 8. 结束语/函尾套语（Complimentary close） 9. 发信人姓名，先签名再打印姓名（Signature&Printed Name） 10. 发信人职务（Position） 11. 发信人及打信人姓名缩写，如ST/MS 12. 附件（Enclosure） 13. 副本/抄送（CC.，即Carbon Copy）

4、14. 附言/又及事项（P.S.，即Postscript） 1117 The High Road 6 June 1996 Mr. David Patricks 3005 West 29th Suite 130 Waco, 77663 Our Ref: RI0606 Attention: International Trade Manager Dear Mr. Patricks, Subject: Heating Registers Location信头信内地址文档号收函方称呼事由标题 I received your June 6th letter requesting consultation

5、 and am providing my recommendation in the following. Sincerely Jane A. McMurry Jane A. McMurry Engineering Manager HVAC Consultants, Inc.JAM / dmc Encl. : invoice for consulting services C.C. Executive Manager of HVAC Consultants, Inc.正文客套语公司名称打印姓名签名职务附件抄送发信人及打信人姓名缩写中文商务信函的结构 1.标题 2. 发函字号 3. 收函单位或收

6、件人姓名 4. 正文 5. 结束套语 6. 发函单位或发函人姓名 7. 发函时间 8.附件为请试制高密度尼丝纺事（x x）x x 字第x x号 xx纺织厂： 经双方磋商，为保证出口羽绒制品面料尼丝纺量，你方同意试制新型高密度尼丝纺，现试样需用的少量尼龙长丝已备，请你厂前来开料后，立即试制样品，现将具体成品规格要求开列如下： 其余数量暂存你厂，由我公司安排染色、涂防水层等处理后，再进行纺绒实验，特此函达，请洽。 此致 敬礼 xxxx公司（公章）x x年x月x日 附件：原料定额、工艺、规格参考值合作原则和礼貌原则Cooperative Principle（H.P. Grice, 1975） (1)

7、 The Maxim of Quality质量原则质量原则 不要说自己认为是不真实的话 不要说自己认为缺乏证据的话 (2) The Maxim of Quantity数量原则数量原则 使自己所说的话达到交谈的现在目的所要求的详尽程度 不应使自己所说的话包含超出需要的信息 (3) The Maxim of Relevance关联原则关联原则 说话要贴切 (4) The Maxim of Manner方式原则方式原则 避免晦涩的词语 避免歧义 说话要简练，避免赘述 说话要有条理 A: Do you love me? B: Im very fond of you. A: Yes, but do yo

8、u love me? B: Uh.you mean a lot to me. A: Why wont you answer my question? B: What question? A: Do you love me? Come on! I want to know. B: I care for you very deeply. You know that. A: That isnt the same thing! B: What kind of answer do you expect? A: The truth! I want the truth! B: How can I possi

9、bly answer such a question?礼貌原则 得体准则得体准则(Tact Maxim) 尽量少让别人吃亏；尽量多使别人得益 慷慨准则慷慨准则(Generosity Maxim) 尽量少使自己得益；尽量多让自己吃亏 谦逊准则谦逊准则(Modesty Maxim) 尽量少赞誉自己；尽量多贬低自己 一致准则一致准则(Agreement Maxim) 尽量减少双方的分歧；尽量增加双方的一致 同情准则同情准则(Sympathy Maxim) 尽量减少双方的反感；尽量增加双方的同情 A: What do you think? Do you like the dress? B: The c

10、olor is really wonderful. A: We all miss Bill and Mary, wont we? B: Well, we will all miss Bill and Jim. 合作原则合作原则在会话中起着调节说话人说话内容的作用，它使说话人在假设对方乐于合作的前提下能进行交际。 礼貌原则礼貌原则具有更高一层的调节作用，它维护了交谈双方的均等地位和他们之间的友好关系。合作原则和礼貌原则在商务信函中的体现 Correctness:正确（质量准则） Completeness：完整（数量准则） Concretness：具体（关联准则） Conciseness：简洁 （

11、方式准则） Clearness：清楚 （方式准则） Courtesy：礼貌 （礼貌原则） Consideration：体谅 （礼貌原则） 1）完整Completeness 2）具体Concretness We wish to confirm our telex dispatched the other day. We confirm our telex of June 5th, 2002. 3）简洁Conciseness Come to a decision decide in accordance with your request as your request for the amoun

12、t of US $500 for US $500 4）清楚Clearness Being a registered accountant, Im sure you can help us. Being a registered accountant, you can certainly help us.5）正确CorrectnessWe assure you that this error will never occur.Well do all we can so that we may not repeat this error. 6）礼貌Courtesy 、体谅consideration

13、 We must refuse your offer. We regret that we are unable to accept your offer. We are extremely and sincerely sorry for the error and ask that you accept our humble and sincere apology for the undue inconvenience suffered by you. We are concerned about the inconvenience you have suffered, and apolog

14、ize sincerely.You attitude/ We attitude We are pleased to announce that. You will be pleased to know that. We allow a 7% discount for cash payments. You allow a 7% discount when you pay cash. Apparently you misunderstood our order. Anyway you shipped the wrong thing. Apparently our instructions are

15、not clear, with the result that the wrong article was shipped. a. Your letter is not clear at all and I cannot understand it. b. If I understood your letter correctly, I would immediately accept your offer. 请贵方来函内容更清楚些，这样我方便可立即接受贵方报盘。商贸信函翻译原则 数量准则数量准则 1） 翻译不要漏译，力求完整。 2）翻译时不得随意增添信息，力求严谨 质量准则质量准则 1）翻译

16、不可夸大其辞，力求真实 2）翻译要使用套语， 力求规范 In reply to your inquiry of 25th Marth, we are pleased to offer you the following. 兹答复三月二十五日询价， 并报盘如下。 收到对方来函时用：收到对方来函时用： We are in receipt of your letter/ We acknowledge receipt of your letter/ We admit receipt of your letter 贵函敬悉/贵函收悉 表示通知对方时表示通知对方时： We are pleased to i

17、nform you 特此奉告 Notice is hereby given that 特此函告 回复对方的来信时用：回复对方的来信时用： In reply to your letter of (+日期)/ Regarding your letter of (+日期)/ Referring to your letter of (+日期) 兹回复贵方（某日）来函 希望对方回复时用：希望对方回复时用： Your kind reply will greatly oblige us. 如蒙答复，当不胜感激。/敬请回复。/盼复 Your (prompt)reply would be appreciated

18、. 敬请（速）回复。 Looking forward to your positive/favourable/affirmative reply 敬候佳音 随函附上某物时用：随函附上某物时用： Enclosed we hand/ Enclosed please find/ We are enclosing 同函奉上/ 随函附上 表示礼貌委婉的语气用：表示礼貌委婉的语气用： Thank you for 感谢贵方 We are glad/ pleased to 很高兴 We are grateful (obliged)for 对.深表感激 We regret to 非常遗憾 We are very

19、 sorry to 甚为遗憾 3）在翻译时要注意商业术语和缩略语，力求准确 We shall cover TPND on your order. 我们将为贵方货物投盗窃和提货不着险。 Theft, Pilferage and Non-Delivery CIF (cost, freight and insurance) 到岸价 FOB (free on board) 离岸价 proforma invoice 形式发票 方式准则 1）翻译不能用陈腐、晦涩的语言，力求得体 2）翻译避免使用产生歧义的语言，力求具体 3）翻译要避免啰嗦，力求简洁 We wish to draw your attenti

20、on to the fact that our clients are in urgent need of the contracted good. 敬请注意，我方客户急需合同货物。 We confirm having cabled you a firm offer subject to your reply reaching us by October 10. 我们确认已经以电报的方式给你们发出了一项实盘，该实盘成立的条件就是你们的答复在10月10日之前到达我们这里。 现确认已向贵方电发实盘，10月10日前复到有效。 4）长句翻译要理清脉络，力求条理简洁 一则体现这种文体庄严的风格，严谨的结

21、构和清晰的逻辑条理，二则可以完整地表达外贸业务进行的各种条件、方式或结果，使业务或协议不存在任何漏洞，避免今后可能发生的争端，以维护双方的利益。 In order to enable us to capture a part of the market for you, we sincerely hope that you will make us a further concession, for example, a discount of 15% instead of 10% as you planned to give us on an order worth approximatel

22、y US$ 10,000. 为使我方替贵方打开一片市场，真诚希望贵方给予我方更多优惠，譬如， 订单总值约10000美元，给予我方15%的折扣，而非贵方原计划的 10%。 关联准则关联准则 1）翻译要联系上下文，力求通顺 Short-covering is very prevalent in the financial market. 金融市场上空头回补很盛行。 We are sending you under separate cover by airmail a copy of the latest catelogue. 兹另封航邮我最新目录一封。 The goods under our Order No. 4580 are covered against All Risks. 4580号订单下的货物已投保了一切险。 Please ship us 2000 tons of Green Beans covered by our Order No. 3220 at an early date. 望你方能早日装运我方第3220号订单下的2000吨绿豆为宜。 The customer sent the faulty radio back to the shop, with a covering letter. 顾客退回有毛病的收音机，并附