状语从句课件(精讲)上课讲义

1、 状语状语(zhungy)从句从句制作者：倪鹏 吴伟坚演讲者：吴年丽组员(z yun)：秦翌翔 魏琴 刘雪莹第一页，共15页。第二页，共15页。1 1、时间、时间(shjin)(shjin)状语从句状语从句 常用引导词:when, as, while, as soon as, while, before, after, since , till, until特殊引导词:the minute, the moment, the second, every time, the day,the instant, immediately , directly, no sooner than, hardl

2、y when, scarcely when例句(lj) I didnt realize how special my mother was until I became an adult.While John was watching TV, his wife was cooking.The children ran away from the orchard(果园) the moment they saw the guard.No sooner had I arrived home than it began to rain.Every time I listen to your advic

3、e, I get into trouble.第三页，共15页。Back to school连接词类别作 用例 句asas 表示“当的时候”，往往和 when/ while 通用，但它着重强调主句与从句的动作或事情同时或几乎同时发生。1.She came up as I was cooking.（同时）2.The runners started as the gun went off.（几乎同时）when既可以表示在某一点的时候，又可表示在某一段时间内。when可以和延续性动词连用，也可以和短暂性动词连用；而while和as只能和延续性动词连用 ;when从句的谓语动词可以在主句谓语动作之前、之

4、后或同时发生；while和as从句的谓语动作必须是和主句谓语动作同时发生。 1.When we were at school, we went to the library every day.（在一段时间内）2.Sorry，I was out when you called me（call为短暂性动词）对不起，你打电话时我刚好外出了。 3. When I got to the airport，the guests had left（got to后发生）当我赶到飞机场时，客人们已经离开了。 whilewhile 意思是“当的时候”或“在某一段时间里”。从句动作和主句动作同时发生，且从句动作为延

5、续性动词时，when，while，as都可使用。 主句中的动作或事情是在从句中的动作或事情的进展过程中发生，从句中的动词一般要用延续性动词。1.When While As we were dancing，a stranger came in（dance为延续性动词）。2.Please dont talk so loud while others are working. 延续性动词表达的动作能够延续，如：延续性动词表达的动作能够延续，如：keep保存，维持保存，维持(wich)；walk走路；走路；read 阅读等；非延续性动词也称瞬间动词，所表达的动作不能够延续。如：阅读等；非延续性动词也称

6、瞬间动词，所表达的动作不能够延续。如：hear听到；听到；return 归还；归还；see看见。看见。第四页，共15页。1.（11浙江(zh jin)4）One Friday, we were packing to leave for a weekend away _ my daughter heard cries for help.A. after B. while C. since D. when答案：D解析：句意为 星期五那天，当我们正准备(zhnbi)出发去过周末的时候，我的女儿听到有人叫救。易混淆：在while和when这里犹豫。对比(dub)： (2006湖南) 2. I had

7、just stepped out of the bathroom and was busily drying myself with a towel _ I heard the steps. A. while B. when C. since D. after答案： B解析：下划线处表示 “正在这时， 突然”， 四个选项中只有when可以表示此含义。第五页，共15页。引导时间状语从句(cn j)的连接词除上述外还有： till, not until , until, before, sinceDont get off the bus until it has stopped.He waited

8、 for his father until (till) it was twelve oclock. It will be five years before he returns from England. hardly / scarcely when, no sooner than, as soon as once表示“一就”As soon as I have finished it , Ill give you a call.Once you show any fear, he will attack you.We had hardly got / Hardly had we got i

9、nto the country when it began to rain. No sooner had he arrived / He had no sooner arrived than she started complaining. directly, immediately, the moment, the minute that 一就He made for the door directly he heard the knock. each time, every time, by the timeEach time he came to my city, he would cal

10、l on me.第六页，共15页。2 2、地点、地点(ddin)(ddin)状语从句状语从句 常用引导(yndo)词:where特殊引导(yndo)词:wherever, anywhere, everywhere例句 Generally, air will be heavily polluted where there are factories.Wherever you go, you should work hard.第七页，共15页。3 3、原因、原因(yunyn)(yunyn)状语从句状语从句 常用(chn yn)引导词:because, since, as, for特殊引导词:see

11、ing that, now that, in that, considering that, given that, considering that, as much as, so much as例句 My friends dislike me because Im handsome and successful.Now that everybody has come, lets begin our conference.The higher income tax is harmful in that it may discourage people from trying to earn

12、more.Considering that he is no more than 12 years old, his height of 1.80 m is quite remarkable.第八页，共15页。4 4、目的状语、目的状语(zhungy)(zhungy)从句从句 常用(chn yn)引导词:so that, in order that特殊引导词:lest, in case, for fear that,in the hope that, for the purpose that, to the end that例句 The boss asked the secretary to

13、hurry up with the letters so that he could sign them.The teacher raised his voice on purpose that the students in the back could hear more clearly.第九页，共15页。5 5、结果、结果(ji gu)(ji gu)状语从句状语从句 常用引导词:so that, so that, such that,特殊(tsh)引导词:such that, to the degree that, to the extent that, to such a degree

14、 that,例句He got up so early that he caught the first bus.Its such a good chance that we must not miss it.To such an degree was he excited that he couldnt sleep last night.第十页，共15页。6 6、条件状语、条件状语(zhungy)(zhungy)从句从句 常用引导(yndo)词:if, unless,特殊引导(yndo)词:as/so long as, only if, providing/provided that, sup

15、pose that, in case that, on condition that例句 Well start our project if the president agrees.You will certainly succeed so long as you keep on trying.Provided that there is no opposition, we shall hold the meeting here.第十一页，共15页。7、让步、让步(rng b)状语从句状语从句 常用引导词:though, although, even if, even though特殊(ts

16、h)引导词: as(用在让步状语从句中必须要倒装),while ( 一般用在句首 ),no matter , in spite of the fact that, while, whatever, whoever, wherever, whenever, however, whichever例句 Much as I respect him, I cant agree to his proposal.尽管我很尊敬他, 我却不同意他的建议。The old man always enjoys swimming even though the weather is rough.No matter ho

17、w hard he tried, she could not change her mind.He wont listen whatever you may say.第十二页，共15页。8 8、比较状语、比较状语(zhungy)(zhungy)从句从句 常用引导词:as(同级比较), than(不同(b tn)程度的比较)特殊引导词:the more the more ; just as , so; A is to B what /as X is to Y; no more than; not A so much as B例句 She is as bad-tempered as her mother. The house is three times as big as ours. The more you exercise, the healthier you will be.Food is to men what oil is to mach