For和since在现在完成时的应用PPT精品文档

1、For和since在现在完成时中的用法1 区别点时间和段时间 5:30 5 years 3 minutes 2002 May 5 2 months点时间点时间段时间段时间段时间段时间点时间点时间点时间点时间段时间段时间2since: (自自以来以来)1)since+过去的时间点过去的时间点He has stayed here since 5 oclock yesterday.2)since+ 时间段时间段+ agoHe has stayed here since 5 hours ago.3)since+ 从句（动词用过去时）从句（动词用过去时）She has taught English si

2、nce he came here. for: (长达）长达）for+ 时间段时间段He has kept the book for 2 weeks.since , for 的用法的用法: Take notes 3选用选用 forfor和和 sincesince填空填空: :1.We havent seen each other _ a long time.1.We havent seen each other _ a long time.2.His father has been in the Party _ 10 years 2.His father has been in the Part

3、y _ 10 years ago.ago.3.The film has been on _ 20 minutes.3.The film has been on _ 20 minutes.4.Mr Green has worked here _ he came to 4.Mr Green has worked here _ he came to China.China.5.His grandparents have been dead _ several 5.His grandparents have been dead _ several years.years.forforsincesinc

4、eforforsincesinceforfor下一页上一页主菜单4思考 我买这本书三年了。I have bought this book for 3 years.I have bought this book since 3 years ago.5区别延续性动词和短暂性动词 短暂性动词： 延续性动词：表能持续很长时间的某个动作或状态的动词。如：stand，teach等。 我买这本书三年了。I have had this book for 3 years.I have had this book since 3 years ago.6短暂性动词与延续动词间的转换7leave-come/go (t

5、o) -arrive (at/in)- get (to)-reach-buy-borrow-finish-join-start/begin-die-close-open-return-marry-become- be away (from) be (in/at) be (in/at) be (in/at)be (in/at)havekeepbe overbe in/be a/anbe onbe deadbe closedbe openbe backbe married be8思考 我买这辆自行车还不到一年。我买这辆自行车还不到一年。 I havent had the bike for a ye

6、ar.I havent bought the bike for a year.但在否定句中，短暂性动词可以与时间段连用。但在否定句中，短暂性动词可以与时间段连用。9The film _ for a long time, so there is no one in the cinema.A. has begun B. has been on C. has finished D. has been over解析：解析：D我们知道题干的前半句使用了现在完成时。而前半句中“for a long time”成为解题关键。因为在现在完成时与“for + 一段时间”连用的动词应为延续性动词。而题目中所给的b

7、egin和finish均为短暂性动词，不能用在“for + 一段时间”的现在完成时句子中。排除A和 C。根据题干所给的后半句，我们得知电影院里没有一个人。那么根据常识，我们知道这部电影肯定已经结束了很长时间，故推出D为正确选项。译文：电影已结束了很长时间，所以电影院没有一个人。10 The film _ since Mary _ the cinema, so she misses the beginning of the film. A. has begun; comes into B. has been on; came into C. has finished; came into D.

8、has been over; came into11 【答案及解释】B。首先观察题中所给的4个选项，以及前半句中解题关键的“since”。我们知道第一空使用了现在完成时，而现在完成时中since引导的从句动词时态应用一般过去式，故排除A和 C。此外，现在完成时与“since从句”连用，主句的动词应为延续性动词，而题目中所给的begin和finish均为短暂性动词，不能在有“since从句”的现在完成时句子中使用。所以答案只能选择B。再根据题干所给的后半句，我们得知她错过了电影的开头部分，与B选项所要表达的意思一致，故推出B为正确选项。译文：自从玛丽来到电影院，电影已经放映了，所以她错过了电影的

9、开头部分。12 A: The film _ for a long time。 B: I agree with you. We can be happy to enjoy the rest part, so we dont need to hurry up. A. has been on B. didnt begin C. has begun D. hasnt begun13 【答案及解释】D。首先观察题中所给的4个选项，以及前半句中关键词“for + 一段时间”，我们知道第一空使用了现在完成时，而根据B所说的话我们得知电影并没有放映很长时间，所以A所说的话应为否定句。故排除A和 C。殊不知，现在完成时的否定句中，“for + 一段时间”也可与短暂性动词连用。同理，在现在完成时的否定句中，since+过去的某一点，since+一段时间+ago，以及since引导的从句也可以与短暂性动词连用。故答案D也正确。（可以理解为这个动作在段时间中从未发生过，故完成时的否定句里短暂性动作和延续性动作都可以与for和since连用）译文：A:电影并没有开始很长时间。B