中职计算机专业英语教学设计Lesson6OperatingSystem

1、Lesson 6 Operating System、教学目标1 .了解计算机操作系统的相关知识2 .熟记单词3 .阅读课外文章 二、课时分配4 项目共2个任务，安排3课时。三、教学重点计算机已成为人们生活和工作中不可或缺的一部分。本项目主要介绍电脑操 作系统的相关信息。熟记相关重点单词，与英语语法。教、教学难点1 .熟悉单词中文意思。2 .拓展课外阅读3 .熟悉相关语法。 五、教学内容An operating system is an essential part of a computer which performs three major functions: managing reso

2、urces, providing a user interface, and running application. It manages and controls the activities of the computer.The primary purpose of an OS (Operating System ) is to support application programs. These programs load and run application programs such as word processors and spreadsheets. The secon

3、d function of an OS is to provide a user interface which users interact with application programs and computer hardware. Almost all operating systems today provide a windows like graphical user interface. Another major function of OS is allocating system resources. A computer can perform thousands o

4、f work at the same time owing to the OS. The OSdecides when to allocate them. It is impossible for a program to work on a device which isunavailable. Therefore, it is operating system to manage the use of a specific device.Operating systems have developed over several decades for mainly two reasons.

5、 First, they allow computer users to develop and execute programs in a convenient environment. Secondly, operating systems do a lot of favor to ensure a good performance of the computing system. They can allocate thousands of work scientifically. With operating systems, a computer can perform variou

6、s jobs at a time both efficiently and effectively.Some microcomputers have an operating system stored permanently in a fixed memory known as ROM. In other words, operating system is the specialized software that controls the management and usage of hardware resources such as keyboard, mouse, printer

7、, monitor, storage devices, and memory. It also supports other software such as application software to work on the computer.upending叶匐匕山 ertsn'ntril i'uripil interface 'inUfeisn.操作系统本质的.实质的，甚本的.提炼的，精华的界面pi Jinanpraimri adj.主要的.初步的，初级的adj.绘成图画似的.绘舟的allocate 曝lakeit心分派，分配windows-ikr windn

8、uz ktikadj.像窗口一样的nm far R运行unas Jilciblr veilbladj.难以获存的excculc eksikjll：1乩执行，塞行，完成，处死，制成ejiriUic in'JuqV.确保.拉保t'ElcicDily i'fijnntliatti有敢率地，有效地elRci打心 ifekiivli：有效地，有力地Words and Expressionspermanently 1poi nioncFntliudr.永存地.不变地Notes1 Another major function of OS is allocating system re

9、sources.操作系统的另一个主要功能是分配系统资源。allocate 意思是“分配，分给； 拨给， 留下” , 例如：A particular seat has been allocated to each person.每人分配到一个专座。The municipal committee has allocated money for housing.市委已为建房拨款。2 A computer can perform thousands of work at the sametime owing to the OS. 多亏操作系统，电脑能同时进行上千个工作。owing to 意思是“由于，

10、多亏” ， 例如：Owing to a serious illness, she was absent from school for over a month.由于重病，她缺课1 个多月。It is all owing to you that I have succeeded.我获得成功全靠你的帮助。3 First, they allow computer users to develop and execute programs ina convenient environment. 首先，它们能让电脑用户在一个舒适的环境里建立和执行程序。allow 在这里的意思是“允许，让” , 例如：

11、Allow me to remark. 让我说一句。Allow 还有以下意义及用法： 承认如： We must allow that he is a good student. 我们必须承认 他是一个好学生。 给与，允许如： She allows her son four dollars a week for books.她每星期给她儿子4 美元买书。4 In other words, operating system is the specialized software thatcontrols the managementand usage of hardware resources s

12、uch as keyboard, mouse, printer, monitor, storage devices, and memory.换句话说，操作系统是一种特殊软件，它能够控制如键盘、鼠标、打印机、显示器、存储装置和内存等硬件资源的管理与运用。in other words 意思是“换句话说” ，例如：I have no idea, in other words, it s up to you to decide. 我没意见，换言之，此事由你决定。1 .Computer 小常识 。集成电路( IC)这是一种由许多相互联结的电路元件 (如晶体管和电阻) 所组成的器件， 该器件被制造在单个的

13、硅晶体芯片或其他半导体材料的芯片上。 集成电路可按其所 包含的元件的数量加以分类：小规模集成电路(SSI):少于 10 个电路元件中规模集成电路(MSI)：10100 个电路元件大规模集成电路(LSI)： 1005 000个电路元件甚大规模集成电路 (VLSI) ： 5 00050 000 个电路元件超大规模集成电路(SLSI) ： 50 000100 000 个电路元件极大规模集成电路(ULSI):大于 100 000 个电路元件2 . 扩展词汇。enter new time输入新时间word 字长character 字符bit= binary digit 比特volume serial n

14、umber 卷标序号refresh 刷新refresh rate 刷新率adaptor 适配器flicker 闪烁resolution 分辨率Reading ComprehensionThe introduction of the Macintosh showed people a simpler way to interact with their computers. While the traditional IBM PC world was limited to a command line and a series of typed commands, the Macintosh i

15、ntroduced a GUI (Graphical User Interface), which allow users to “ point and click ” in order to accomplish their tasks.Users didn t have to remember arcane( 神秘的 ) words and commands anymore. Instead, they were provided with an intuitive set of graphical icons that allows the completion of common ta

16、sks. And, even better,programs developed for the Macintosh all had the samelook and feel, thus, they were easier to learn and use than their counterparts in the IBM world.Then Windowsentered the scene. Eventually, it met two out of the four challenges presented by the changing computing environment.

17、 First, it provided a GUI that greatly simplified the tasks a computer user faced.If the developers adhered to the Windows interface, then program users also had a similar user interface that decrease their learning curves, just like on the Macintosh. Second, it provided a limited means of multitask

18、ing. Users could load multiple programs and have them run in the background while doing other work in a window in the foreground.Questions1. Why did the introduction of the Macintosh show people a simpler way to interact with their computers?2. Use your own words to describe the two challenges Windows met.3. Is there any other advantage Windows gives to us?译文：操作系统操作系统是计算机的重要部分，它有三大功能：管理资源，提供用户界面，运行程序。它管理并控制计算机的运行。操作系统的首要目的是支持应用软件。这些程序安装和运行如字处理软件、电子表格等应用软件。 第二个功能是提供用户界面。 用户在此界面运行应用程序和电脑硬件。 今天几乎所有的操作系统提供窗口形图形用户界面。 操作系统的另一个主要功能是分配系统资源。 多亏操作系统，电脑能同时进行上千的工作。操作系统决定何时分配这些工作。 没有驱动程序， 程序就不能运行。 因此操作系统管