Zachman介绍中文修订实用教案

1、2021年12月17日星期五A Tutorial on the Zachman Enterprise Architecture Framework1Based on work by John A. ZachmanVA Enterprise ArchitectureDATAWhatFUNCTIONHowNETWORKWherePEOPLEWhoTIMEWhenMOTIVATIONWhyDATAWhatFUNCTIONHowNETWORKWherePEOPLEWhoTIMEWhenMOTIVATIONWhySCOPE(CONTEXTUAL)PlannerENTERPRISEMODEL(CONCEP

2、TUAL)OwnerSYSTEM MODEL(LOGICAL)DesignerTECHNOLOGYMODEL(PHYSICAL)BuilderDETAILEDREPRESENTATIONS(OUT-OF-CONTEXT)Sub-ContractorFUNCTIONINGENTERPRISESCOPE(CONTEXTUAL)PlannerENTERPRISEMODEL(CONCEPTUAL)OwnerSYSTEM MODEL(LOGICAL)DesignerTECHNOLOGYMODEL(PHYSICAL)BuilderDETAILEDREPRESENTATIONS(OUT-OF-CONTEXT

3、)Sub-ContractorFUNCTIONINGENTERPRISEThings Important to the BusinessEntity = Class of Business ThingProcesses PerformedFunction = Class of Business ProcessSemantic ModelEnt = Business Entity Rel = Business RelationshipBusiness Process ModelProc = Business Process I/O = Business ResourcesBusiness Log

4、isticsSystemNode = Business Location Link = Business LinkageWork Flow ModelPeople = Organization Unit Work = Work ProductMaster ScheduleTime = Business Event Cycle = Business CycleBusiness PlanEnd = Business Objective Means = Business StrategyImportantOrganizationsPeople = Major OrganizationsBusines

5、s locationsNode = Major Business LocationsEvents Significantto the BusinessTime = MajorBusiness EventBusiness Goalsand StrategyEnds/Means =Major Business GoalsLogical DataModelEnt = Data Entity Rel = Data RelationshipApplication ArchitectureProc = Application Function I/O = User ViewsDistributed Sys

6、temArchitectureNode = IS Function Link = Line CharacteristicsHuman InterfaceArchitecturePeople = Role Work = DeliverableProcessingStructureTime = System Event Cycle = Processing CycleBusiness RuleModelEnd = Structural Assertion Means = Action AssertionPhysical DataModelEnt = Segment/Table Rel = Poin

7、ter/KeySystemDesignProc = Computer Function I/O = Data Elements/SetsTechnologyArchitectureNode = Hardware/Software Link = Line SpecificationsPresentationArchitecturePeople = User Work = Screen FormatControlStructureTime = Execute Cycle = Component CycleRuleDesignEnd = Condition Means = ActionDataDef

8、initionEnt = Field Rel = AddressProgramProc = Language Statement I/O = Control BlockNetworkArchitectureNode = Addresses Link = ProtocolsSecurityArchitecturePeople = IdentityWork = JobTiming DefinitionTime = InterruptCycle = Machine CycleRuleDesignEnd = Sub-Condition Means = StepDataEnt = Rel = Funct

9、ionProc =I/O =NetworkNode = Link =OrganizationPeople = Work =ScheduleTime = Cycle =StrategyEnd = Means =Based on work by John A. ZachmanVA Enterprise ArchitectureDATAWhatFUNCTIONHowNETWORKWherePEOPLEWhoTIMEWhenMOTIVATIONWhyDATAWhatFUNCTIONHowNETWORKWherePEOPLEWhoTIMEWhenMOTIVATIONWhySCOPE(CONTEXTUAL

10、)PlannerENTERPRISEMODEL(CONCEPTUAL)OwnerSYSTEM MODEL(LOGICAL)DesignerTECHNOLOGYMODEL(PHYSICAL)BuilderDETAILEDREPRESENTATIONS(OUT-OF-CONTEXT)Sub-ContractorFUNCTIONINGENTERPRISESCOPE(CONTEXTUAL)PlannerENTERPRISEMODEL(CONCEPTUAL)OwnerSYSTEM MODEL(LOGICAL)DesignerTECHNOLOGYMODEL(PHYSICAL)BuilderDETAILED

11、REPRESENTATIONS(OUT-OF-CONTEXT)Sub-ContractorFUNCTIONINGENTERPRISEThings Important to the BusinessEntity = Class of Business ThingProcesses PerformedFunction = Class of Business ProcessSemantic ModelEnt = Business Entity Rel = Business RelationshipBusiness Process ModelProc = Business Process I/O =

12、Business ResourcesBusiness LogisticsSystemNode = Business Location Link = Business LinkageWork Flow ModelPeople = Organization Unit Work = Work ProductMaster ScheduleTime = Business Event Cycle = Business CycleBusiness PlanEnd = Business Objective Means = Business StrategyImportantOrganizationsPeopl

13、e = Major OrganizationsBusiness locationsNode = Major Business LocationsEvents Significantto the BusinessTime = MajorBusiness EventBusiness Goalsand StrategyEnds/Means =Major Business GoalsLogical DataModelEnt = Data Entity Rel = Data RelationshipApplication ArchitectureProc = Application Function I

14、/O = User ViewsDistributed SystemArchitectureNode = IS Function Link = Line CharacteristicsHuman InterfaceArchitecturePeople = Role Work = DeliverableProcessingStructureTime = System Event Cycle = Processing CycleBusiness RuleModelEnd = Structural Assertion Means = Action AssertionPhysical DataModel

15、Ent = Segment/Table Rel = Pointer/KeySystemDesignProc = Computer Function I/O = Data Elements/SetsTechnologyArchitectureNode = Hardware/Software Link = Line SpecificationsPresentationArchitecturePeople = User Work = Screen FormatControlStructureTime = Execute Cycle = Component CycleRuleDesignEnd = C

16、ondition Means = ActionDataDefinitionEnt = Field Rel = AddressProgramProc = Language Statement I/O = Control BlockNetworkArchitectureNode = Addresses Link = ProtocolsSecurityArchitecturePeople = IdentityWork = JobTiming DefinitionTime = InterruptCycle = Machine CycleRuleDesignEnd = Sub-Condition Mea

17、ns = StepDataEnt = Rel = FunctionProc =I/O =NetworkNode = Link =OrganizationPeople = Work =ScheduleTime = Cycle =StrategyEnd = Means =Zachman Framework第1页/共11页第一页，共12页。2021年12月17日星期五A Tutorial on the Zachman Enterprise Architecture Framework2Zachman FrameworkRow 1 ScopeRow 1 Scope（范围）（范围）External Re

18、quirements and DriversExternal Requirements and Drivers（外部（外部(wib)(wib)需求和驱动力）需求和驱动力）Business Function ModelingBusiness Function Modeling（业务功能（业务功能模型）模型）nRow 2 Enterprise Model（企业(qy)模型）nBusiness Process Models（业务流程模型）nRow 3 System Model（系统模型(mxng)）nLogical Models（逻辑模型(mxng)）nRequirements Definition

19、（需求定义）nRow 4 Technology Model（技术模型）Physical Models（物理模型）Solution Definition and Development（解决方案定义和开发）nRow 5 As Built（构建）As Built（构建）Deployment（部署）nRow 6 Functioning EnterpriseFunctioning Enterprise（企业在IT上运行的功能）Evaluation（评价）123456ContextualConceptualLogicalPhysicalAs BuiltFunctioningContextualConce

20、ptualLogicalPhysicalAs BuiltFunctioningWhyWhyWhoWhoWhenWhenWhereWhereWhatWhatHowHow第2页/共11页第二页，共12页。2021年12月17日星期五A Tutorial on the Zachman Enterprise Architecture Framework3Framework Rules（Zachman 框架框架(kun ji) 基本规则）基本规则） Rule 1: Columns have no order（列没（列没有有(mi yu)次序）次序） ContextualConceptualLogical

21、PhysicalAs BuiltFunctioningContextualConceptualLogicalPhysicalAs BuiltFunctioningWhyWhyWhoWhoWhenWhenWhereWhereWhatWhatHowHownRule 2: nEach column has a simple, basic model （每一列是一个(y )简单的基本模型）nRule 3: Basic model of each column is unique（每一列的基本模型是独一无二的） nRule 4: Each row represents a distinct view （

22、每一行表达特定方面的视图）nRule 5: Each cell is unique（每个单元是唯一的） nRule 6: Combining the cells in one row forms a complete description from that view（每一行上的单元组合形成一个完整的视图）Basic Model = Entities and RelationshipsEntityRelationshipEntity第3页/共11页第三页，共12页。2021年12月17日星期五A Tutorial on the Zachman Enterprise Architecture

23、Framework4Zachman Framework Row 1Scope/Planners View（范围（范围(fnwi)/规划规划者视图）者视图） External Requirements and Drivers（外部(wib)需求和驱动力） Business Function Modeling（业务功能模型）Motivation/Why（动因）Business goals, objectives and performancemeasures related to each function （业务目的/目标，每个功能(gngnng)相关的性能度量指标）nFunction/How（

24、功能）High-level business functions（高阶业务功能）nData/What（数据）High-level data classes related to eachFunction（每个功能相关的高级数据分类）nPeople/Who（人）Stakeholders related to each function（每个功能相关的干系人）nNetwork/WhereVA locations related to each functionnTime/WhenCycles and events related to eachFunction（每个功能相关的业务周期和事件）1Co

25、ntextualConceptualLogicalPhysicalAs BuiltFunctioningContextualConceptualLogicalPhysicalAs BuiltFunctioningWhyWhyWhoWhoWhenWhenWhereWhereWhatWhatHowHow第4页/共11页第四页，共12页。2021年12月17日星期五A Tutorial on the Zachman Enterprise Architecture Framework5Zachman Framework Row 2Enterprise Model/Owners View（企业模（企业模

26、型型(mxng)/所有者视图）所有者视图） Business Process Models（业务流程模型） Business Function Allocation（业务功能分布(fnb)） Elimination of Function Overlap and Ambiguity（过滤重叠和不确定功能）Motivation/WhyPolicies, procedures and standards for eachprocess （每个流程相关的政策(zhngc)、规程和标准）nFunction/HowBusiness processes（业务流程）nData/WhatBusiness da

27、ta（业务数据）nPeople/WhoVA roles and responsibilities in eachProcess（每个流程的角色和责任）nNetwork/WhereVA locations related to each processnTime/WhenEvents for each process and sequencingof integration and process improvements促使过程改进和流程整合的事件2ContextualConceptualLogicalPhysicalAs BuiltFunctioningContextualConceptua

28、lLogicalPhysicalAs BuiltFunctioningWhyWhyWhoWhoWhenWhenWhereWhereWhatWhatHowHow第5页/共11页第五页，共12页。2021年12月17日星期五A Tutorial on the Zachman Enterprise Architecture Framework6Zachman Framework Row 3System Model/Designers View Logical Models（逻辑视图） Project Management（项目管理） Requirements Definition（需求(xqi)定义

29、） Motivation/WhyVA policies, standards and proceduresassociated with a business rule model （与业务规则模型联系的政策、标准(biozhn)和规程）nFunction/HownLogical representation of informationnsystems and their relationships （信息系统及其关系(gun x)的逻辑表达）nData/WhatLogical data models of data and datarelationships underlying VA i

30、nformation 表达数据之间关系的逻辑数据模型nPeople/WhoLogical representation of access privilegesconstrained by roles and responsibilities由角色和职责限制的访问权限的逻辑表达nNetwork/WhereLogical representation of the distributedsystem architecture for VA locations（部署在VA位置分布式系统架构的逻辑表达）nTime/WhenLogical events and their triggered resp

31、onses constrained by business events and their responses （由业务事件及其响应约束的逻辑事件和响应）3ContextualConceptualLogicalPhysicalAs BuiltFunctioningContextualConceptualLogicalPhysicalAs BuiltFunctioningWhyWhyWhoWhoWhenWhenWhereWhereWhatWhatHowHow第6页/共11页第六页，共12页。2021年12月17日星期五A Tutorial on the Zachman Enterprise A

32、rchitecture Framework7Zachman Framework Row 4Technology Model/Builders View Physical Models（物理模型） Technology Management（技术管理） Solution Definition and Development （解决方案制定(zhdng)和开发）M o t i v a t i o n / W h yV A b u s i n e s s r u l e s c o n s t r a i n e d b y i n f o r m a t i o ns y s t e m s s

33、t a n d a r d s （ 由 系 统 信 息 标 准 ( b i o z h n ) 约 束 的 V A 业 务 规 则 ）nFunction/HownSpecifications of applications that operatenon particular technology platforms （特定技术平台(pngti)的应用规格说明）nData/WhatDatabase management system (DBMS) typerequirements constrained by logical data models （由逻辑数据模型约束的数据管理系统）nPeo

34、ple/WhoSpecification of access privileges tospecific platforms and technologies针对 特定技术和平台的的访问权限规格说明nNetwork/WhereSpecification of network devices and theirrelationships within physical boundaries 在物理边界范围内，网络设备及其关系的规格说明nTime/WhenSpecification of triggers to respond to systemevents on specific platfor

35、ms and technologies （在特定平台和技术上的系统事件和响应的规格说明）4ContextualConceptualLogicalPhysicalAs BuiltFunctioningContextualConceptualLogicalPhysicalAs BuiltFunctioningWhyWhyWhoWhoWhenWhenWhereWhereWhatWhatHowHow第7页/共11页第七页，共12页。2021年12月17日星期五A Tutorial on the Zachman Enterprise Architecture Framework8Zachman Fram

36、ework Row 5As Built/Integrators View As Built（构建(u jin)） Configuration Management（配置管理） Deployment（部署） Motivation/WhyVA business rules constrained by specific technology standards （由特定的技术标准所限制的业务(yw)规则）nFunction/HownPrograms coded to operate on specific ntechnology platforms （在特定的技术(jsh)平台上运行的程序代码）n

37、Data/WhatData definitions constrained by physical data models （由物理数据模型限制的数据定义）nPeople/WhoAccess privileges coded to control access to specific platforms and technologies （访问权限代码用来控制指定的平台和技术）nNetwork/WhereNetwork devices configured to conform to node specifications （网络设备被配置以适应指定的节点）nTime/WhenTiming definitions coded to sequence activities on specific platforms and technologies（在指定的技术平台上通过定义好的时序运行一系列活动） 5ContextualConceptualLogicalPhysicalAs BuiltFunctioningContextualConceptualLogicalPhysicalAs BuiltFunctioningWhyWhyWhoWhoWhenWhenWhereWhereWhatWhatHowHow第8页/共11页第八页，共12页。2021年12月17日星期五A Tut