最新英语冠词复习讲义

1、精品文档冠词（ Article ）一、不定冠词用法1.用于可数名词的单数形式前，表示“一”。注意： a/an 虽表示“一”，但不强调数量，而是强调类别； one 则强调数量。试比较:I bought a computer.I bought one computer.因此，在表示数量对比时，要用_ 而不用 a/an 。I have _ red pencil, but she has three.2. such, quite, rather后接单数名词时，使用such a ,quite a?，-rather a的语序。翻译：他是个非常诚实的人。He is _ honest man.这是多么晴朗的一

2、天。It is _ fine day.3. 用于“so/as/too/how + adj. + a/an +单数名词”结构中。I've never seen_tree. (=l've never seen_ tree.)翻译：他是像汤姆一样聪明的孩子。_这是一只多漂亮的鸟啊！How_! (=How_!)在 what 感叹句中，语序应为“ what + a/an +adj. + 单数名词”What_ !4. 惯用短语：have a word with sb, do sb a favour, take an active part in, as a result, in a _wo

3、rd, all of a_sudden, once in a while等。二、定冠词用法1. There was a chair by the win dow. On the chair sat a_ young woma n with. a_ baby . in .herarms.2. 用在序数词前，表示“第几”; 用在形容词最高级前，表示“最的”This may be the last cha nee.但注意：有时序数词前可以用a, 表示“又一，再一”；有时形容词最高级前可以用a, 此时不表示“最”，而表示“很，非常Don ' worry. I 'll give you_

4、sec ond cha nee.It is exactly. _ most interesting book.3.用在形容词比较级前，表示两者间“较的一个”。另外，也用于the very , the same , the only等。He is the taller of the two boys.This is the very book I want.4.用在某些形容词前，表示具有某些共同特征的一类人，如the rich 富人， the poor 穷人， the sick 病人， the old 老人， the you ng 年轻人， the bli nd 盲人， the dead 死人。

5、精品文档精品文档5.用于句型“动词 + sb + 介词 + the + 身体某一部位”，此时the 不能用物主代词代替。take sb. by the armhit sb. in the facebe red in the face6. 用于 " by + the + 计量单位”，表示" 按 .计算”，女口by the ton/pound/yard/meter等。You can still buy cloth by the yard in this country.在这个国家买布还论码。注意： by 后面如果接上对应的抽象名词而不是其计量单位时，中间不加冠词，如byvolu

6、me/weight/length/width/depth。Natural Gas is usually measured by volume and is stated in cubic feet.天然气通常是按体积测量的，并用立方英尺来表示。7. 与复数名词连用，指整个群体。They are the teachers of this school.（指全体教师）They are teachers of this school.（指部分教师）8. 用在某些固定词组中all the same, all the time, at the beg inning of, at the end of,

7、at the entrance of, at the foot of, by the time, in the end, in the ope n air, tell the truth三、使用“零冠词”的情况什么是“零冠词”？按照英语习惯，有些时候名词前需要使用定冠词the ，有些时候需要使用不定冠词a/a n , 但有些时候不需要使用（甚至不能使用）冠词，由于不使用冠词的情况比较特殊，在语法上将这种冠词用法特地归为一类，称“零冠词”，常用“/”表示。1. 专有名词前使用零冠词；不可数名词前通常使用零冠词。翻译：下周我将要去英国。I 'm going to England ext w

8、eek.2. 如果可数名词之前已经有形容词性物主代词、指示代词及不定代词some, any 等限制时，使用零冠词。翻译：那圭寸信在她的口袋里。The letter is in her pocket.3. 用复数名词来表示一类人或事物时，使用零冠词。翻译：我的父亲和母亲是教师。My father and mother are teachers.4. 在星期、月份、季节、节日前；在学科名称、三餐饭和球类运动名称前，均使用零冠词。 女口：在春季；在七月；在教师节（那天）注意：如果月份、季节等被一个限定性定语修饰，则要加定冠词the 。翻译：他在1982 年春天参军了。He joined the Ar

9、my in the spring of 1982.我国的传统节日前需用定冠词the 。春节 _选填 a, the, / a. I can see_football.b. Where's_ football ?5. 如果某个职位在某一时期内只有一人担任，或者表示某人的头衔、称呼，则使用零冠词。（表示头衔、称呼的名词作表语、同位语、补足语时，用零冠词。）Good morning, Mom!精品文档精品文档He, Mayer of New York City, visited our school yesterday.6. turn 用作系动词时，表示“变成”，后面作表语的单数名词前不用冠词

10、。He turned writer many years later.（ =He became a writer many years later.）7. 某些固定词组中不用冠词。 by 加交通工具某些名词词组day and night, here and there, hour after hour, hour by hour等某些介词词组in surprise, on foot, on duty, on holiday, on show go 的短语，表示 " 去做某事”go to bed, go shopping/swimming/boating/fishing四、某些名词，当

11、用来表示其“主要目的” ，也就是用来强调相关的某个行为时，要用零冠词，否则意思会有些改变。另有一些短语，加不加冠词，意思完全不同。at table VS at the tablein bed VS in the bedtake place VS take the placein case of VSin the case ofat school VS at the schoolin hospital VS in the hospitalin place of VS in the place ofout of question VS out of the question冠词名词a/an 表示一

12、个可数单数a/an 表示一类可数单数泛可数单数the 表示类指零冠词表示一类可数复数零冠词表示一类不可数名词不可数名词特the可数单数指可数复数例句A horse is eno ugh to do the job.表示数量 ， =oneA horse is ofte n used here.个体泛指The horse is very useful here.强调整体Horses are useful animals.强调整体Water is very importa nt to huma n.The paper made in the factory is good.The pen he ga

13、ve me is good.The book bought yesterday are worth readi ng.在“a/an + 单数名词”、“ the + 单数名词”、“零冠词+复数名词 /不可数名词”中，所用冠词都可表类指，但也有细微区别：“ the + 单数名词”指的是整个类别，这个类别是可以区别于另一个类别的。如：The cargoes faster thanthe bike .汽车比自行车跑得快。The telephonewas invited by Alexander Bell.电话是由亚历山大？贝尔发明的。“ a/an + 单数名词”侧重于指类别中任何一个的特点。A pum

14、awas found in the village.人们在村子里发现了一只美洲狮。(3) “零冠词 +复数名词 /不可数名词”侧重指类别中的许多个体。如:精品文档精品文档Farmersare busy in autumn.农民们在秋天很忙。精品文档精品文档(4) 在使用冠词时要根据所要表达内容的具体情况而定。如：_ tiger is in dan ger of beco ming ext inct.老虎正面临着灭绝的危险。()1. _ recent report stated that the nu mber of Spanish speakers in the U.S. would be h

15、igherthan the nu mber of En glish speaker by_ year 2090.A. A, theB. A, /C. The, /D. The, a( )2 f you go by _ train, you can have quite a comfortable journ ey, but make sure you get_ fast one.A. /, /B. /, aC. the, aD. /, /()3. It is often said thatteachers havevery easy life.A /, /B. /, aC. the, /D.

16、the, a()4.I can't rememberwhen exactly theRobinsons leftcity,I only remember it wasMo nday.A. the, theB. a, theC. a, aD. the, a()5.If you grow up in_large family, you are more likely to develop_ ability to geton well with _others.A. /, an, theB. a, the, /C. the, an, theD. a, the, the()6.Mrs. Tay

17、lor has_ 8-year-old daughter who has _ gift for painting-she has wontwo national prizes.A. a, aB. an, theC. an, aD. the, a()7. After dinner he gave Mr. Richards on_ ride to_ C apital Airport.A .the, aB. a, theC. /, aD. /, the()8.0n May 5, 2005, at _ World Table Tenn is Champio nship, Kong Lin ghui a

18、nd Wang Haowon the gold medal in men ' s with_ score of 4:1.A. a, aB. / theC. a, /D. the, a()9.I knew _ Joh n Lennon, but not_famous one.A. /, aB. a, theC. /, theD. the, a()10.The book tells _ life story of Joh n Smith, who left_ school and worked for a newspaper at the age of 16.A. the, theB. a

19、, theC. the.D. a,/()11.Whe n you come here for your holiday ne xt time, dont go to hotel; I can find you_ bed in my flat.A. the, aB. the, /C. a, theD. a, /()12. Tom owns_ larger collect ion of _ books tha n any other stude nt in our class.A. the, /B. a, /C. a, theD. /, the()13. _ on-going division b

20、etween English- peaking Canadians and French-speakingCan adia ns is _ major concern of the coun try.精品文档分歧是这个国家一个主要担心的问题。主要是担心问题中的一个。精品文档A. The, / B. The, a C. An, the D. An, /( ) 14.When he left_ college, he got a job as _ reporter in a newspaper office.A. /, aB. /, theC. a, theD. the, the( ) 15. The most important thing about cotton in history is _part that it played inIndustrialRevolution.A. /, /B. the, /C. the, theD. a, the1 A report 可数名词， a recent report 一份近来的报告 ，是泛指；第二个空填 the 表特指示 2090 年。2B. by train 乘火车， by 在接交通工具类的同时， 一般不接冠词， 如 by bike , by ship ; 根据句意第二个空应