状语从句讲解及习题附答案教学内容

1、精品文档状语从句（一）状语从句概述定义状语从句用作状语，是起副词作用的句子。位置状语从句可以放在主句之前，也可以放在主句之后，时间、条 件、原因和让步状语从句放在句首时需要用逗号和主句隔开。分类根据其作用可以分为时间、地点、原因、条件、目的、让步、 方式和比较等状语从句。作用它可以修饰谓语、非谓语动词、定语、状语和整个句子。（二）状语从句详解1. 时间状语从句引导词用法示例whe n意为当的时候。When 引导从句的谓语动词可以 是延续性动词，也可以是 瞬间动词。并且when有 时表示“就在那时”A liar is not believed when he speaks the truth.说

2、谎者讲真话 时也没有人相信。Whe n he arrives. I'll call you.When you laugh and smile, your body relaxes.while意为“在的时候，在 的同时”。While引导从句 的谓语动词必须是延续性 的，发生时间较长，并强 调主句和从句的动作同时 发生（或者相对应）。While 有时还可以表示对比。While I was standing at the window, I saw several boys running along the street.While Joh n was watchi ng TV, his

3、wife was cook ing.as意为一边一边。The writer was angry as he wasAs引导的动作是延续性 的，发生时间较短，一般 用于主句和从句动作同时 发生；as也可以强调一前 一后。travelling on a train to London because some one had inv aded his space.He smiled as he stood up.after意为在之后。表示主 句动作发生在从句动作之 后。主句与从句的动作时 间关系与before引导的从 句相反。With many hungry visitors waiting, d

4、on't stay too long at your table after you have fini shed.If an early exit is necessary, you can leave after a sce ne is over.before意为“在之前”。引导的 从句不用否定形式的谓 语，并且当before引导的 从句位于主句之后，有时 译成“就，才”。当主句用 将来时，从句总是用现在 时；如果before引导的从 句谓语用的是过去时，则 主句动词多用过去完成 时，这样以便体现动作的 先后。You can 'watch TV before you fin

5、ish your homework.Before it en ded, the theatre was almost empty.My father had left for Canada just before the letter arrived.till意为“直到”。一般情况下 可以和until互换。如果王 句中的谓语动词是瞬时动 词时，必须用否定形式； 如果主句中的谓语动词是 延续性动词时，用肯定和She didn ' even know that it was an earthquake till she saw a shak ing ( moving from side t

6、o side) light.The firema n worked very hard till the fire was out.否定形式都可以，但表达 的意思不同。un til意为“直到”。在强调句型 中多用until。如果主句中 的谓语动词是瞬时动词 时，必须用否定形式；如 果主句中的谓语动词是延 续性动词时，用肯定和否 定形式都可以，但表达的 意思不同。I'm waiting for my sister. I won't go to see my uncle until she comes.Wait until I finish what I am doing.sin

7、ce意为“自从，从以来”。 引导从句的谓语动词可以 是延续性的动词，也可以 是瞬时动词。一般情况下， 从句谓语动词用一般过去 时，而主句的谓语动词用 现在完成时。但在It is + 时间+since从句的句型 中，主句多用一般现在时。I have bee n study ing hard since I en tered the high school.It is four years since my sister lived in Beiji ng.It is five years mon ths since our boss was not in Beiji ng.as soon as意

8、为“一就”。引导时 间状语从句时，如果主句 用了将来时，从句一般使 用现在时。Tom will call me as soon as he gets home.I will call you as soon as I arrive.2.地点状语从句引导词用法示例where意为哪里。where引导 的地点状语从句，（there+） 主句”“哪里哪里就”。Where there is a will, there is a way.They were good persons.主句在从句后面时，there可用可不用；主句在从句的 前面时，一般都不用there.Where they went, the

9、re they were warmly welcomed.You should have put the book where you found it.wherever意为“无论何地”。 anywhere/wherever 弓丨导地 点状语从句+主句。any where本身是个副词，但 是常可以引导从句，相当于 连词，意思相当于 wherever, any where 引导的从句可位 于主句之前，也可以位于主 句之后。而wherever本身就 是个连词，表示“在何处， 无论何处”。Wherever the sea is, you will find seama n.I'll go a

10、ny where you go.3条件状语从句引导词用法示例if连词，意为“假如，如果”。 当主句是将来时的时候， 从句要用一般现在时。Do n't talk loudly at the meeting. If you do, you will have to leave.We' ll go for a picnic if it doesn'ra in this weeke nd.uni ess连词，意为除非（=if not）。当主句是将来时的 时候，从句要用一般现在 时。Don't discuss the problems with your part ner

11、 uni ess you are asked to do so.I won't go there uni ess you come with me.4原因状语从句引导词用法示例as意为“因为”。引导原因状 语从句时表示附带。说明“双方已知的原因”，语气 比 since弱，较为正式， 位置较为灵活（常放于主 句之前）。As the weather is cold, I stay at home.As it is raining, you'd better take a taxi.As you are tired, you'd better rest.si nee意为“因为

12、”。引导的原因 状语从句一般放于主句之 前表示已知的、显然的理 由（通常被翻译成“既 然”），较为正式，语气比 because弱。Since the earth looks like a ball, the sun can shi ne on only half of it at a time.Since the race is in April, I had to run throughout the win ter, and in Bost on, wi nters are cold.Since everybody is here. Let's begi n our meeti n

13、g.because意为“因为”。引导的原因 状语从句一般放于主句之 后，表述直接原因，语气 较强，最适合why引导的 疑问句。Because引导的 原因状语从句有时可以与 because of短语互换。The woman prefers winter because she can skate.1' like to collect stamps because they are in teresti ng.I'm very tired these days because of study ing physics.He can 'tcome because he is

14、ill. =He can 'tcome because of his ill ness.for意为“因为”。引导的原因 状语从句并不说明主句行 为发生的直接原因，只提 供一些辅助性的补充说He must be ill, for he is abse nt today.He could not have see n me, forI was not there.明，for引导的原因状语从 句只能放于主句之后，并 且必须用逗号将其与主句隔开5目的状语从句引导词用法示例so that意为“以至，以便”。目 的状语的谓语常含有 may, might, can, could, should, w

15、ould等情态动 ?词。Try to speak loud eno ugh so that people can hear you clearly.Mr. Gree n speaks very loudly so that all the people can hear him clearly.in orderthat意为“为了”，相当于sothat. in order to 后面可以 跟动词原形构成目的状 语，不是目的状语从句。We shall let you know the details soon in order that you can/may make a arran geme

16、nts.6.结果状语从句引导词用法示例so that意为如此以至于。so+ adj./ad v 原级 +that, so是副词，只能修饰形容词和副 词。so还可与表示数量的形 容词 many, few, much, little（这四个形容词表示多 或少时）连用,形成固定搭 配。so+ many 或few+复数 可数名词+that; so+ much或 little+不可数名词+that.This year it has rained so heavily in South China that lots of problems are caused.The ice on the lake w

17、as so thin that people couldn' skate on it.Too ofte n, we spe nd so much time thinking about the future that we fail to enjoy the prese nt.There are so few no tebooks that I can 'give you any.such.that意为如此以至于。It' such a wonderful song有三种结构：that we all like it.such+a(a n)+adj.+单 数不可Sim on

18、 is such dish on est数名词 +that; such(+adj.)+不pers on that no one believes可数名词 +that; such( + adj.)him.+复数可数名词+that, suchThe boy is so young that he是形容词，修饰名词或名词can't go to school.= He is词组。有时可与sothat句such a young boy that he型转换。can 'go to school.7让步状语从句引导词用法示例though意为虽然。不能和but 连用。但是可以同 yet(sti

19、ll) 连用，构成thoughyet(still). though 较 普遍，常用于非正式的口语 和书面语中。even能和 though组合表示强调，在这 里 even though=even if(no matter if; though 即使 也)。though可以独立用作 副词，常放在句末，意为all the same(还是；仍然)或 however(可是；然而)。So it has lived up to now though it isn't strong at all. Though they are twin brothers, they don 'look li

20、ke each other.Even if/ Even though we could afford it, we would afford it, we would n't go abroad for our vacati on.although意为虽然。不能和but连用。但是可以同 yet(still)Although he died several years ago, I can still连用，构成althoughyet(still). although 较为正式，语气比though重，常用以强调让步概念。 even不能和although组合。remember the day

21、s we spe nt together and what he has taught me about love.Although we had little food with us, we decided to spe nd the ni ght in the car.8.比较状语从句引导词用法示例asas.意为和一样。表示同 级的比较。使用时要注意 第一个as为副词，第二个 as为连词。其基本结构为： as+adj./adv 原级 +as。若有 修饰成分，如twice, three times, half, a quarter等, 则 须置于第一个as之前。She is very go

22、od at pain ti ng.She can paint as well as here teacher.I ran out as quickly as possible.not as / so as意为“和不一样，不如”。 也表示同级比较。She is not so (as ) outgo ing as her sister.This dictionary is not as/so useful as you thi nk.9方式状语从句引导词用法示例as/(just)as.so意为犹如，就像。引 导的方式状语从句通常 位于主句后，但在(just)as.so 结构中位于句首，这时as从句

23、带有Whe n in Rome, do as the Roma ns do.As water is to fish, so air is to man.精品文档比喻的含义，意为“正 如，就像”，多用于正 式文体。as if/ as though意为“就像，好像”。两 者的意义和用法相同，引 出的状语从句谓语多用 虚拟语气，表示与事实相 反，有时也用陈述语气， 表示所说情况疋事实或 实现的可能性较大。常译 作“仿佛似的，好像 似的”。If would n ever forget here smile, or the way her eyes shone as if we were the sam

24、e age.It looks as if the weather may pick up very soon.练习一一.单项填空1. he ' s old, he can still carry this heavy bag.A. Though B. Since C. For D. So2. -Do you know if heto play basketball with us?-1 thi nk he will come if hefree tomorrow.A. comes; is B. comes; will be C. will come; is D. will come;

25、will be3. In the zoo if a childinto the water and can' t swim, the dolphins maycome uphim.A. will fall; to help B. falls; to help C. will fall; help D. falls;help ing4. I don ' t rememberhe worked in that city when he was young.A. what B. which C. where D. who5. We will stay at home if my au

26、ntto visit us tomorrow.A. comes B. come C. will come D. is coming6. The police asked the children cross the street the trafficlights turned green.A. not; before B. don ' t; whenC. not to; until D. not; after7. I was late for class yesterday there was something wrong with mybike.A. when B. that C

27、. until D. because8. I ' ll go swimming with you if I free tomorrow.A. will be B. shall be C. am D. was9. In the exam, the you are, the mistakes you willmake.A. careful; little B. more careful; fewest C. more careful; fewer D. more careful; less10. You should finish your lessons you go out to pl

28、ay.A. before B. after C. when D. while11. I hurried I wouldn' t be late for class.A. since B. so that C. as if D. unless12. When you read the book, you' d better make a mark you have anyquestions.A. which B. that C. where D. though13. The teacher raised his voice all the students could hear

29、him.A. for B. so that C. because D. in order14. He took off his coat he felt hot.A. because B. as C. if D. since15. It is that we' d like to go out for a walk.A. a lovely day B. too lovely a day C. so lovely a day D. suchlovely a day16. Mary had much work to do that she stayed at her office all

30、day.A. such B. so C. too D. very17. I felt very tired, I tried to finish the work.A. Although B. Because C. As D. As if18. the day went on, the weather got worse.A. With B. Since C. While D. As19. well you can drive, you must drive carefully.A. So long as B. In order that C. No matter how D. The mom

31、ent20. Write to me as soon as you to Beijing.A. will get B. get C. getting D. got 二. 根据中文意思完成下列英语句子1. 不管他跟我开什么玩笑，我都不生气。I am not angry with him, jokes he on me.2. 布鲁斯太太对学生非常亲切，以至于学生把她当做母亲。Mrs Bruce was kind to her students they her their mother.3. 只要我们竭尽全力，父母就会满意我们的表现。Our parents will be pleased with

32、 our performance wetry our best.4. 你一到上海就给我打个电话好吗？Will you please call me you get to Shanghai.5. 这个七岁的女孩酷爱钢琴，以至于他已经坚持练习两年了。The seven-year-old girl likes playing the piano shehas kept practicing for two years.6. 虽然她很忙，他还坚持自学英语。 , she kept on learning English by herself.7. 他长大后相当一名记者。He wants to be a

33、journalist .8. 无论刮风下雨，我们的老师总是第一个到校。 windy or rainy, our teacher is always the first to get to school.9. 如果人人为保护环境做出贡献，世界将会变得更美好。 to protecting the environment, the world will become much more beautiful.10. 李明昨天没来上学，因为他病了。Li Ming didn ' t come to school .练习二1. The meeting didn't start_ everyo

34、ne was there.A. because B. until C. why D. if2 .The boy _ to bed _ his mother came in.A. went not; until B. didn't go; after C. went; until D. didn't go; until3. I won't believe you_ I have seen it with my own eyes.A. before B. until C. after D. when4 .He _ home _ she was satisfied _ his

35、 answer yesterday.A. didn't go; until; withB. wasn't go; after; toC. doesn't go; before; withD. didn't go; until; to5 .He _ back until the work _ done.A. isn't; will be B. isn't; is C. won't be; will be D. won't be; is6 .They didn't start the work _ their teacher

36、came back.A. until B. while C. as soon as D. if7. Tom will call me as soon as he _ Shanghai.A. arrives B. will reach C. arrives in D. get to8. I'm sure he'll come to see me before he _ Beijing.A. will leave B. is leaving C. leave D. leaves9. I will tell him the news as soon as he_ back.A. co

37、me B. comes C. will come D. came10. Tom has got a watch. He _ it for two years. It by his father.A. has bought; was bought B. has got; is bought , C. was bought; has bought . D. has had; was bought "'11. When he got to the station, the train _.A. left B. had left C. leaves D. has left12. Th

38、e boy told his father what he _ in the street.A. saw B. have seen C. had seen D. see13. We _ TV when the telephone .A. watched; was ringing B. were watching; rang C. watch; rings D. are watching; rang14. By the end of last term, I_ ten books.A. had finished reading B. have finish reading C. had fini

39、sh to read D. finish read15. I _ you for a long time. Where _ you _?A. didn't see; did; go B. didn't see; have; goneC. haven't seen; have; been D. haven't seen; have; gone16. Tom_ China for 3 years.A. has been B. has been in C. has been to D. has been at17. I won't go to see the

40、film tonight, because I _ my ticket.A. lost B. have lost C. will lose D. didn't lose18. -Hello! May I speak to Bob?-Sorry, but he _ for a month.A. had been away B. was left C. left D. has been away19. I _ him since I began to live in the city.A. know B. have known C. knew D. will know20. Zhao La

41、n _ already _ in this school for two years.A. was; studying B. will; study C. has; studied D. are; studying21. Betty didn't go to see the film yesterday _ she was ill.A. because B. but C. until D. if22 May I sit nearer_I can see more clearly?A. as if B. so that C. even if D. so23. _ you work har

42、d, you will certainly succeed.A. Though B. If C. Because D. For24. _ he came to study in the university, he has made much progress in the study of English.A. While B. When C. Since D. After25. I'd like to go swimming the water is not too cold.A. for B. unless C. if D. whether26. There are _ many

43、 league members in class 2 _ in Class 4.A. both; and B. 'so; that C. either; or D. as; as27. -Do you have a big library?-No, we don't. At least, not_yours.A. as big as B. as big than C. as bigger than D. bigger as28. Suzhou is not beautiful Hangzhou.A. as; than B. so; as C. even; than D. /;

44、than29. Iron is more useful _ any other metal.A. as B. than C. then D. so30. I want to know _ she is going to see a film.A. if B. that C. what D. which31. You are sure to pass the exam _ you study hard.A. if B. thoughC. that D. since32. I'll go to see the film with you_I have time this evening.A. whether B. so C. if D. when33. _ you study harder, you'll never pass the final exam.A. If B. Until C. Unless D. Except34. Although it was raining, still worke