基础模块二Unit1

1、 Unit 1 I laughed till I cried!Lead-in (Page 9 Activity 1&2)(补充短语，拓展学生的思路) Went shopping online Visited the museumWent shoppingWent hikingPicked pearsPicked orangesClimbed hills Played footballPlayed basketballPlayed badmintonPlayed the computer gamesLead-in (Page 9 Activity 1&2)（描述经历的词补充）It

2、 is so exciting/ wonderful / perfect/ beautiful/ fantastic We are so excited/ fond of -/ obsessed with -The experience is unforgettableHave a great funHave fun withEnjoy +反身代词：（玩得高兴）Listening and speaking(Page10 Activity 3）(文化背景补充，介绍美国著名的海滨和滑雪度假胜地)夏威夷群岛（Hawaii Islands）夏威夷群岛的天然环境非常迷人，属于火山岛，地形崎岖不平；拥有美

3、丽的海滩，从白色的沙滩一直到黑色土质的沙滩都有。地形与地质的变化也非常大，不论从低地沙漠一直到高耸的山顶，或是从贫瘠的火山岩到热带雨林区，在夏威夷群岛上，通通都看得到。 夏威夷群岛也是全世界位置最孤立的岛群，距离最近的大陆地也有2500英哩远。正因为这样的孤立，也为夏威夷带来保持生态完整的好处，在这里的上千种动植物种类，有90%以上，在地球上其它地方，已经看不到了。 这里的地质结构也是独一无二的，这里有全世界最活跃的活火山，也有最大的死火山哈力卡拉(Haleakala)；同时也有最高的摩纳其山(Mauna Kea)和悬崖。这里的观光旅游业非常发达，旅馆如雨后春笋越来越多，海滩上总是挤满了人，这

4、不过只是夏威夷的面貌之一；你还是可以找到非观光热门地区，也有人少偏僻的海滩可以探险，住宿的选择也有内陆的小屋或孤立偏远的住处。 在岛上健行或在野外地区逍遥自在的旅行，是完全不用付费的。夏威夷群岛有世界顶尖的冲浪、玩风浪板地点，像瓦胡岛就是全世界最棒的冲浪地；当然，游泳、潜水也是这里最热门的水上运动。 在到夏威夷旅游度假的人们心中，最有吸引力的莫过于海滨浴场。其中最热闹、最闻名的是怀基基海滩，远处碧海蓝天，白云悠悠，近处椰林婆娑，金黄的沙滩，滔滔的白浪，令人感到无限的心旷神怡。 怀基基海滩以巨浪闻名，相传当年土著国王和酋长们常在此举行冲浪比赛，冲浪运动由此发端走向世界。 在气候上，因为整年都有凉

5、流吹过，所以夏威夷一年四季都非常宜人舒适；通常大白天的阵雨来得急也去得快，紧接着马上就雨过天晴，天空中还会出现绚丽的彩虹。瓦胡岛(Oahu)是群岛里人口最密、发展最多的岛，光是欧胡岛上的旅馆数，就占了全夏威夷旅馆数的一半。 在檀香山 Honolulu，可以体会得到都市生活的好处与坏处，这里有很棒的博物馆、活跃的夜生活，还有好吃不贵的各种美食，但也一样免不了都市的通病塞车。毛伊岛(Maui)是仅次于瓦胡岛，发展第二的岛，也是赏座头鲸的好地方。至于大岛(Big Island)，则有雪跟活火山，两样在夏威夷其它岛上所没有的地理特色；考爱岛(Kauai)拥有全夏威夷最青绿茂密的植物景色。 夏威夷原是一

6、个王国，1898年被美国吞并，1959年夏威夷归入美国版图，成为星条旗上的第50颗星。 夏威夷群岛的人民约80%是黑头发、黄皮肤的东方人，以致给来岛的游客第一个印象，仿佛是已到了东方。 第二个给人深刻印象的便是遐迩闻名的夏威夷衫，那色调鲜艳而浓郁的衬衫正配合着夏威夷亮丽热烈的南海风光。而当地妇女套穿的拖地长裙，既无曲线，又无纽扣，但却格外显得舒适和潇洒，而更具风情。 ALOHA是夏威夷最常见的问候语，依语调不同，分别有“你好”、“欢迎”、“珍重”、“再见”等意。"ALOHA"还有“我爱你”的意思，要表达此意，须先攒足底气，让那"LO"声高而且长，拖到将要

7、断气，表达爱之至深至切。 当然，不管这个词的意思怎样丰富，人们主要还是用它来打招呼。到了夏威夷，你不妨也试试吧！ Listening and speaking(Page10， Activity 3）范尔滑雪场(Vail Ski Resort) 在北美十佳雪场的评选中，位于科罗拉多州的范尔(Vail)雪场在综合评比中入选最多。它在中级滑雪排名第7，小镇就餐环境排名第9，夜生活排名第9，山上就餐排名第8，非滑雪项目排名第7，粉雪排名第5，早期雪质排名第5。范尔雪场由三部分组成，山前地势长且平滑，宽阔的后山坳(Back Bowls)在地平线上不断拉伸直到无限。蓝天盆地(Blue Sky Basin)

8、的丛林引诱着那些富有探险精神的灵魂。重要的是，一个世界级的雪场，不仅仅是只有滑雪，还应包括娱乐和气氛，范尔雪场就是这样一个地方。近百家精美的商铺，从精美的淘货小店到雪具，艺术品和家具店。在这些“独此一家”的小店中，你能淘到那些此生在别处都无法买到的礼物。在作为顶级的滑雪胜地之外，范尔还慢慢成为了一处美食名镇。从5道菜的大餐到5分钟的快餐，范尔为你提供了充足的选择。如果你住在小镇边上的话，位于雪场前西区的狮子头 (Lions Head)是滑雪的好起点，Eagle Bahn等三条缆车都可以乘坐。Born Free Express与Eagle Bahn平行，但是人要少得多。在蓝天盆地，单双板爱好者都

9、能体验到范尔的与众不同，从乡村风格的建筑到自然景观，雪质以及山形的陡峭。整修过的雪道，低中级滑雪者可以滑行，如果没有整修过，只有很强的中级滑雪者才能应付这里的粉雪和林间的蜿蜒。 最低海拔：2476米 雪道数量：193条 最高海拔：3528米 高级道 ：53% 垂直高度：1052米 中级道 ：29% 滑雪区域：2141公顷 初级道 ：18% Listening and speaking(Page10 Activity 3）(文化背景补充，度假文化)StaycationA staycation (or stay-cation, or stacation) is a neologism for a

10、period of time in which an individual or family stays at home and relaxes at home or takes day trips from their home to area attractions. Staycations have achieved high popularity in the financial crisis of 20072009 in which unemployment levels and gas prices are high.Common activities of a staycati

11、on include use of the backyard pool, visits to local parks and museums, and attendance at local festivals. Some staycationers also like to follow a set of rules, such as setting a start and end date, planning ahead, and avoiding routine, with the goal of creating the feel of a traditional vacation.

12、Listening and speaking(Page10 Activity 3）美国人度假不扎堆儿美国的法定节日挺多，像元旦、马丁·路德·金纪念日、总统日、阵亡将士纪念日、独立日等，不过假期通常都是一天，一般在星期一或星期五，如是周末就顺延或提前一天，所以这些节日都相当于3天的长周末。 两个在美国最重要的节日感恩节和圣诞节，法定放假也只有一天，不过由于感恩节定在11月份的最后一个星期四，大多数人会在星期五也休息一天，从而获得一个4天的超长周末。很多人选择在圣诞节休假，因此那时假期往往有一周左右。 按照假期长短来说，感恩节和圣诞节勉强可以与国内“黄金周”相比，但两者性质大不

13、一样。这两个节日的主要意义是合家团聚，或走亲访友，由于时间在冬天，所以旅游观光的色彩并不浓厚，不会出现全国人民同时涌向几个景点的场面。 由于多数节日时间不长，美国人大都选择开车到附近公园游玩、到健身场所锻炼或与朋友聚会。美国的公路系统十分发达，90%的人口居住在国家级公路8公里范围以内，因此开车短程出游成为首选度假方式。 在节假日或是夏天旅游旺季，有名的景点也会人满为患。正在乔治·华盛顿大学攻读硕士学位的威尔逊说，去年独立日他开车到华盛顿市内看焰火，进城的道路堵得死死的，好几个小时才到。4月初有几天是华盛顿“樱花节”，虽不是法定假日，但邻近几个州的人都会在周末开车来看樱花。这样，樱花

14、树下往往是人头攒动，周边道路上车如长龙，似蜗牛一般慢慢蠕动。 交通堵塞最严重的要数感恩节与圣诞节。由于人多车多，又时值严冬，雨雪频繁，道路堵塞、航班晚点等成为家常便饭。由于去年的圣诞节和今年的元旦正巧是两个相邻周末，美国汽车协会估计美国全国近3亿人中约6200多万人出行里程超过80公里，创下历史纪录，其中80%的人选择开车。不少乘客因航班取消而回不了家，不少乘客因路上堵车而误了班机。这两个假日也是交通事故率最高的时段。 为缓解交通压力，一些州运输部门会在节日期间将那些因正在修建或维护而关闭的道路临时开放，且随时向公众发布交通信息。运输安全管理局全力以赴，一方面提高机场安检程序效率，一方面通过媒

15、体提醒乘客提前做好相关准备。一些大型旅游机构也会告诉乘客怎样才能避免误点，如在家里通过因特网订票、提前订好停车位、乘坐凌晨或深夜航班、预留出足够时间以应付塞车等。 由于供求关系的影响，在感恩节和圣诞节期间，机票一般都会有较大幅度上涨。对于那些对价格比较敏感的乘客来说，提前订票就显得至关重要。不过无论是机票或是油价，最终都会取决于竞争与供需矛盾。比如美国去年圣诞节期间全国平均汽油价格比前年上升了18%，但却是当年11月份以来的最低价。 与机票和油价受市场调节不同，美国公园多属公共部门，很少用价格这个市场杠杆调节游客数量。美国国家公园管理局收费管理处副主任安德森女士说，公园采取的主要调节措施是限制

16、门票数量、确定参观时段等。由于国会立法对门票价格调整有严格规定，新价格确定必须在公布一年后才能正式生效，而旅游景点游客数量的消涨具有季节性，需要及时调节，用价格方式并不灵活。 已在美国定居15年的陈女士说，美国休闲、观光的地方很多，公园到处都有，经常是这边游客摩肩接踵，那边却是人少车稀，她一般都避开人多拥挤的地方。但华盛顿大学的学生约什说，想去的地方他一定会去，不怕堵车，也不怕油价高。 Listening and speaking(Page 11, Activity 6&7）(对话补充， 可让学生进行角色扮演的练习） Dialogue 1Jeff: What did you do on

17、 your holiday, Joan?Joan: I caught a train to visit my family.Jeff: Do they live a long way away?Joan: The train took 18 hours, but I had a comfortable seat so it was OK.Jeff: I suppose you could look out of the window and see lots of scenery?Joan: That's absolutely right. I also have lots of ne

18、w friends I met on the train.Jeff: Did you have anyone to talk English with?Joan: Several in fact. I realized that I needed to work on my English conversation skills some more.Jeff: You could show me all of your holiday photos and explain them to me in English.Joan: Terrific idea, Jeff. You can see

19、the best part of my holiday and I get to practice English.Jeff: I can't think of anything else. I'd rather do it right now. Shall we begin?Dialogue 2W: Hello, Amy! Glad to see you.A: Glad to see you, too. Did you have a wonderful holiday?W: yes. I did. What about you? Where did you go on you

20、r holiday?A: I went to Beijing.W: Wow! How did you go there?A: I went there by plane.W: Wow! So cool! What did you do there?A: I ate good food, sang and danced and took a lot of picturesW: Did you have a good time?A: Yes, I did. Reading and writing(Page 13 Activity 10)(背景知识补充)1 中国家庭生活的变化As we know,

21、many changes have taken place in Chinese family life over the years. On balance, three parts of our lives have changed: the way we work, the way we eat, and the way we entertain ourselves.When my parents were young, my father didnt have a firm job, and my mother didnt have a job. At that time, many

22、young people had to search for a job at many places which were distant. But now, a lot of people are working near home, and even they can work at home with the Internet.Twenty years ago, my parents had little meat to eat, and had no rich food to eat. On the contrary, we can almost eat a gorgeous mea

23、l in a couple of days.Now we have televisions to watch, and we have many electronic products: MP4, PSP, PCUnlike us, my parents had none of these when they were young. They had few things to entertain themselves. Comparatively speaking, our life is more interesting and colourful.The changes in Chine

24、se family life have reflected the economic development of our country. Deeply speaking, the changes are due to our diligence and wisdom.To live better, we can not be satisfied with the existing state of affairs, we are ought to continue working hard, we mustnt stop the pursuit of a much better stand

25、ard of living. 2. 英国家庭生活的改变Changing Values and Norms of the British FamilyThe family in Britain is changing. The once typical British family headed by two parents has undergone substantial changes during the twentieth century. In particular, there has been a rise in the number of single-person house

26、holds, which increased from 18 to 29 per cent of all households between 1971 and 2002. By the year 2020, it is estimated that there will be more single people than married people. Fifty years ago this would have been socially unacceptable in Britain.In the past, people got married and stayed married

27、. Divorce was very difficult, expensive and took a long time. Today, people's views on marriage are changing. Many couples, mostly in their twenties or thirties, live together (cohabit) without getting married. Only about 60% of these couples will eventually get married.In the past, people marri

28、ed before they had children, but now about 40% of children in Britain are born to unmarried (cohabiting) parents. In 2000, around a quarter of unmarried people between the ages of 16 and 59 were cohabiting in Great Britain. Cohabiting couples are also starting families without first being married. B

29、efore 1960 this was very unusual, but in 2001 around 23 per cent of births in the UK were to cohabiting couples. People are generally getting married at a later age now and many women do not want to have children immediately. They prefer to concentrate on their jobs and put off having a baby until l

30、ate thirties.The number of single-parent families is increasing. This is mainly due to more marriages ending in divorce, but some women are also choosing to have children as lone parents without being married. Family SizeOn average 2.4 people live as a family in one home Britain. This is smaller tha

31、n most other European countries.http:/www.woodlands-junior.kent.sch.uk/customs/questions/familylife.htm 3 美国家庭生活的变化 No other century promoted such rapid change in American families than the twentieth century did. Through most of the first half of the century families were two-parent plus children un

32、its, but by the 1980s and 1990s divorce was common in half of the homes and many families were single-parent or included step-parents, step-siblings and half-siblings. The major changes in opinions and even some laws on race, gender and sexuality during the 1960s and 1970s brought change to families

33、 as well. Some families were headed by gay parents, lived in communes or other non-traditional homes, were of mixed race, or had adopted children. Family life had changed dramatically in less than 50 years. The change in the core make-up of what was considered a family ushered in new celebrations an

34、d holidays, ways of cooking, eating, and entertainment, and even daily activities. http:/www.amazon.ca/Family-20th-Century-America-Marilyn-Coleman/dp/0313333564 Reading and writing(Page 13 Activity10)(补充练习,提高学生的阅读理解能力和拓展学生的视野)Reading ComprehensionPassage 1It was during a weekend. Mum gave me two tic

35、kets for a film and told me she was too busy with the endless housework to go with me. She told me to keep the money if I could sell the extra ticket. I was very happy, of course. At that time, a ticket only cost 20 fens. But to me, a little girl of 12, 20 fens seemed quite a lot. I reached the cine

36、ma in a great hurry. Holding the ticket in my hand, I began to look for a buyer. A handsome young man noticed me and the ticket in my hand. He came towards me with a big smile, "Youve got an extra ticket?" "Yes", I nodded. "Thats great. Say, how much?" "Twenty fen.

37、 " "Oh, "he thought for a while and then took out a ten-Yuan note from his wallet. "I'm very sorry, but I've only got this note." Seeing I was confused, he added, "Then, how about waiting for a while and I'll give you the money after I have changed it in the

38、 cinemas store?" Without much thinking, I agreed. Then we went to the cinema together. He walked fast. I could hardly keep up with him. By and by, he left me further and further behind. Soon he disappeared in the Gents. I stood there without knowing what to do. Suddenly I seemed to realize the

39、handsome young fellow had cheated me. He had saved twenty fens, but lost his honor.TIMEHow many people are there in the story?Who are they?PLACE How much is the ticket?What did the mother tell the kid to do? Reading and writing(Page 13 Activity 10)(补充练习)Passage 2An Unforgettable Travel My family pla

40、ned to visit the interesting place of Shanghai. We were led to the Oriental Pearl TV Tower, a famous tourist attraction, which was on every Shanghaineses lips. It was a magnificent building located in Pudong New Area, it was the tallest building, so it's very easy to see this building, even if y

41、ou were several miles away from it. As we got to the highest floor of the Oriental Pearl TV Tower, we saw the attractive view through the window, which includes the Huangpu River. At the moment, suddenly I was moved by the builders who put their soul and energy to this building and let it be a landm

42、ark of this city. This was the trip I will never forget.Time How many people are there in the story?PlaceThe name of the BuildingFeelings Language in Use (Page 16-17, Activity 16-18)（语法讲解，教师可根据口诀和过去式不规则形式的规律帮助学生学习和记忆过去式）动词过去式变化规则： 口诀：一般过去时并不难，表示过去动作、状态记心间。动词要用过去式，时间状语句末站。否定句很简单，didn't 站在动词原形前，其它

43、部分不要变。一般疑问句也好变，did放在句子前，主语、动词原形、其它部分依次站。特殊疑问句也简单，疑问词加一般疑问句记心间。1一般在动词末尾加-ed，如：pull-pulled, cook-cooked2结尾是e加d，如：taste-tasted3末尾只有一个元音字母和一个辅音字母的重读闭音节，应双写末尾的辅音字母，再加-ed，如：stop-stopped4以“辅音字母+y”结尾的，变y为i，再加-ed，如：study-studied5不规则动词过去式： 下表为常用不规则动词的过去式和过去分词。有的动词列出两种过去分词形式，其中有*号的通常用作形容词。下表按变化形式分成四种类型，方便教学和记忆

44、。第一组"A-A-A"型：不定式                             过去式                过去分词cut(切，割)

45、0;                    cut                    cuthit(打击)         &

46、#160;                 hit        hitcost(价值为)                   cost   

47、0;               costhurt(伤)                           hurt      

48、             hurt1et(让)                             let       

49、60;            letput(放)                            put         &

50、#160;          putreadri：d(读)           readred            readredrid(使摆脱)            

51、0;           rid                    rid set(放，安置)                  set

52、                    set 第二组"A-B-B"型：不定式                          

53、过去式                 过去分词bring (带来)                   brought           

54、0;    broughtbuild(建筑)                     built                      built

55、find(找到)                        found                   foundkeep(保持)    &#

56、160;               kept                    keptlay(放，搁)             &#

57、160;     laid                    laidmake(制造)                 made      

58、60;             madesell(卖)                        sold           

59、0;        soldsend(发送)                 sent                    sentshoot(发射)  &#

60、160;                shot                    shotsit(坐)            

61、;               sat                       satsleep(睡)          &#

62、160;           slept                    sleptsmell(嗅)                 

63、     smelt, smelled                smelt, smelledspend(花费)                 spent       

64、60;                 spentstand(站，立)             stood                  

65、;  stoodtell(告诉)                   told                        told第三组"A-B-C"型：不

66、定式                              过去式                    

67、     过去分词(a)rise(升起)                       (a)rose                   (a)risenbeg

68、in(开始)                          began                     begunfly(飞) 

69、                             flew                    &#

70、160; flowngive(给)                         gave                      givewri

71、te(写)                           wrote                     written 

72、;第四组其它型：不定式                               过去式                  &#

73、160;   过去分词(be)am，is(是)                     was                         bee

74、nbeat(打)                                beat                

75、        beatenbecome(成为,变得)             became                      becomecome(来)   &

76、#160;                          came                        c

77、omeovercome(战胜)                    overcame                    overcomerun(跑)     

78、60;                              ran                         run【注】lie(说谎)和welcome(欢迎)是规则动词，因此其变化形态分别为：不定式                                  过去式