情态动词must,can,could,may,might表推测的用法

1、情态动词 must, can, could, may, might表推测的用法：情态动词中的 must, can, could, may, might都表推测。其中 must的可能性最大，can / could 次之，may / might最小。具体用法如下：1. must的用法（1 ）表示推测“可能性”时，意思是“一定、准是”语气较肯定， 较有把握。He must be America n. = It is certa in that he is America n.他准是个美国人。（2）must表推测只能用于肯定句。如果要表示“一定不、肯定不” 的意思时，应用can't,如询问某种

2、可能时，应用can。He must know my address.他肯定知道我的地址。（一定）He can't know my address.他肯定不知道我的地址。（一定不）Can he know my address?他知道我的地址吗？（询问可能性）（3）must表示推测时，可以推测现在/正在发生的动作/过去发生的动作。He must have a car now.（现在）他一定有辆小汽车。He must be doing his exercises in the classroom.（正在进行）他一定在教室里做练习。He must have fini shed the work

3、.（过去发生）他一定已完成了工作。注:must表示推测时很少用于将来的情况。一般不用He must come tomorrow. 可用 It's certain / I'm sure that he will come tomorrow.（4）在反意疑问句中，当附属部分含有表示推测意义的must时，疑问部分的助动词应与must后面的动词在非推测情况下的用法保持一致。He must be a worker, is n't he?（现在）他准时个工人，是吗?It must have rained last ni ght, did n't it?（过去）昨晚一定下雨了

4、，是不是？You must have lear ned En glish for many years, have n't you?（完成时）你一定学了好多年英语，是吗？2. can / could的用法（1）can表示推测“可能性”时，往往用于否定句或疑 问句。Can't “一定不”语气很肯定。can在疑问句中意思是“会、可能”。He can't be at home. = It is impossible that he is at home.他一定不在家。（2） can /can't后可接进行时/完成时，表示对现在发生的动作或过去发生 的动作进行推测。Th

5、ey can't be readi ng in the library.他们一定不在图书馆读书。He can't have gone to Shan ghai for I saw him a mi nute ago.他不可能去了上海，我刚才还看见他。It's so late. Where can she have gon e?天晚了，她可能去哪儿了呢？（3） 在反意疑问句中，当陈述部分含有表示推测意义的can't时，疑问部分的 助动词应与can't后面的动词在非推测情况下的用法保持一致.He can't be a teacher, is he?他

6、不是教师，是吗？She can't have fini shed her homework, has she?她一定没有完成家庭作业，是不是？（4）could可用于表示某事有可能发生或可能是事实。Don't eat it. It could be poiso nous.不要吃它，可能有毒。飞机可能会因为雾晚点The pla ne could be delayed by fog.（5）could还可以用于表示客气、委婉、礼貌的请求语气。Excuse me, could you tell me the way to the bus stati on?Could you help m

7、e?（6） could n't表示否定推测，表示某事不可能真实，或由于特定事实或环境 某事肯定不会发生。It could n't possibly be pois on.这不可能是毒药。注：有时与形容词的比较级连用强调某人或某物不可能再更多地具有某种属性。You could n't be more wrong.你真是大错特错。I could n't be happier.我简直是幸福极了。3. may 和might 的用法（1）may, might表示推测“可能性”时意思是“可能”、“也许”语气没有must冃疋。He may / might be America

8、n. = It is possible that he is American.他可能是个美国人。注：might不表示过去时态，只是语气上比 may更委婉，表示的可能性更小。（2） may, might表推测时，可以用于否定句，意思是“可能不、也许不”，但 不用于疑问句。He may / might not be at home.他也许不在家。（3） may, might可以推测现在正在发生的动作或过去发生的动作。He may / might be sleep ing now.（现在）他可能正在睡觉。The boy may / might not be watchi ng TV at home

9、.（现在）这个男孩可能没在家看电视（过去）These stude nts may / might have see n the film before.这些学生以前可能看过这部电影。(4) may, might还可以推测将来的情况。I think we should take rain coat with us, it may rain.我想我们应该带上雨衣，可能要下雨了。She might not come this after noon.她今天下午可能不来了。情态动词和虚拟语气练习40题从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。1.Are you in a hurry ？N

10、o，in fact I've got ple nty of time. I wait.A.mustB.n eedC.mayD.should2. Some one is knockingat the door.it be Venis？No，itbe her ；she left for New York this morni ng.A.Can ;must n 'tB.Might ； can ' tC.May ；doesn 'tD.Can ; can 't3. He did n' t agree with me at firstbut Ipersuad

11、e him to sig n the agreeme ntlater.A.couldB.mightC.should D.was able to4. Is there a movie on in the cin ema toni ght？Therebe. I will phone the cin ema and find it out.A. mightB.shouldC.ca nD.couldt work ing.5. Yoube careful whe n you cross here the traffic lights aren， but n obody an swered.A.ca nB

12、.ought toC.mightD.may6. Youout last ni ght. I called you several timesA.must have bee nB.must beC.might have bee nD.could be7.Youfail to pass the entrance exam in atio n if you dont study hardeA.shallB.couldC.must8.When I was studying at Beijing University lake every evening.A.willB.wouldC.couldD.sh

13、ould, Itake a walk along theD.shall9.The party turned out to be a failure. I would ratherit.A.not have atte ndedB.not atte ndC.not to atte ndD.not to have atte nded1O.Sir , yoube sitting in this seat. It is for women or children only.A.ca n'tB.ought n ' t toC.w on 'tD.needn't11.Shall

14、 I tell Li Mi ng about the matter?No, youA.oughtn ' t to C.should n 't12. Must I take a bus.He has known about it alreadyB.n eed n 'tD.must n 't?No , you. You can walk there.A.must notB.d on 'tC.do n' t have toD.had better not to13. Why do you make me do so ?I am sorry that y

15、oudo such a thi ng.A.wouldB.ca n C.should D.may14. Will you stay for lunch ?Sorry , I. My brother is coming to see me.A.mustn't B.can't C.needn't D.won 't15.What would have happe ned, as far as the riverba nk?A. if Bob has walked fartherB. if Bob should walk fartherC. had Bob walked

16、fartherD. should Bob walk farther16.0h , Jane , you ' ve broken another glass. You ought when you washed it.A.be carefulB.to careC.have caredD.to have bee n careful17.lt' s high time weto the the ater.A.will go B.shall go C.are going toD.we nt18. Could I use your telepho ne ?Yes , of course

17、youA.couldB.willC.ca nD.might19.It' s stra nge that theynothing about this matter.A.should knowB.would knowD.k newC.had known20. Do you still remember the day whe n we went to the Great Wall?I cant remember it w,ll butsometime last autumn?A.might it beB.could it have bee ns office an yhow.C.coul

18、d it beD.must it have bee n21. I can ' t get through to the gen eral man ager The line is busy. Some onethe teleph one.A.must useB.usesC.must have bee n usingD.must be using22.He suggests weto the cin ema at onceotherwise we will be late.A.must goB.go C.will go D.would go23.lf only heme yesterda

19、y!A.had see nB.would see C.should see D.saw24.If youwait a moment, I ' ll go and find our manager.A.ca nB.should C.will D.must25. It is rather cold here. Shall we light a fire?No,webecause things are easy to catch fire.A.w on 'tC.must n'tB.can 'tD.n eed n't26.If Iyou , Imore atte

20、 nti on to En glish idioms and phrases.A.was ; shall payB.am; will payC.would be ; would payD.were ; would pay27. Would you have told him the an swer had it bee n possibleI would have , but Iso busy the n.A.had bee nB.wereC.was D.would beOh, I28. Ca n childre n swim in this pool ?Yes. However , at n

21、o timethey do so by themselves.A.dareC.n eedB.shouldD.could29.K unming is called“ SpbngiCitysn6w in win ter.A.shallB.ca nC.mustD.might30. What ' s the matter with you ?m not feeli ng well in the stomach. Iso much fried fish just now.A.should nt eatB.mustnt have eate nC.should nhaveteate nD.must

22、n t eats wrong with you31. You look so upset. WhatThe door. Can you help me ?A.w on t ope n C.ca n ' t ope nB. w ont be ope nedD.ca n ' t be ope ned32. Mum , I climbed to get the Teddy Bear from the top of the shelf.My goodness ! Youyourself. You mustn' t do that next time.A.must have hu

23、rtB.should have hurtC. may have hurtD.ca n have hurt33. Childre n un der 12 years of age in that countrybe un der adult supervisi onwhe n he is in a public library.A.mustB.mayC.ca nD.n eed34. “ The interestbe divided into five parts , according to the agreement made by both sides , ” declared the ju

24、dge.A.mayB.shouldC.mustD.shall35. I don ' t mind telli ng you what I know. You. I' mnot ask ingyou for it.A.mustn'tB.may not C.can 't D.needn't36. Mum , I ' ve been studying English since 8 o' clock.I go out and play withTom for a while ?s raining outside now.No,I ' m

25、 afraid not. Besides , itA.Ca n 'tC.Dare notB.Would n'tD.Wo n ' t37. Who is the girl sta nding over there?Well , if youknow , her name is Mabel.A.mayB.ca nC.mustD shall38. The driver has drunk too much wine and dan gerous thingshappe n at anytime.A.shouldB.ca nC.mustD.n eed39.Webooked. L

26、ookthis restaura nt is almost empty.A.must haveC.should haveD.neednt haveB.ca n t have40.Listen! The fire engine is roaring. Therebe a fire somewhere.A.shouldB.mustC.willD.ought to【答案及部分解析】15 CDDAB 610 AABAB 1115 BCCBC 1620DDCAB 21 25 DBACC 26 30 DCBBC 31 35 ACADD36 40ACADB1. may表示可以”2. can用在疑问句和否定句

27、中，表示可能性的推测。 can '表示不可能”3. 情态动词can和be able to都可表示能力。当表示过去成功地做了某事 ”寸，常用 was (were ) able to。4. 由下文的 I will phone the cinema and find it out 可知此处应用 might o may 或 might用在肯定句中，表示可能性的推测。5. ought to 表示劝告。6. 题意为 我昨天晚上打了几次电话都没有人接，你一定是出去了” must have done 常用来表示对过去发生情况的肯定推测。7. shall用于第二人称或第三人称，表示说话者的意愿，有命令、

28、警告、威胁、强制、允 诺和决心之意。此题用shall，表示警告”8情态动词would可以表示过去经常性或习惯性的动作。与used to相比，would不含有现在已无此习惯”的意义。9.题意为那次聚会以失败告终，我宁愿没参加” would rather (not)have done表示的是过去发生的情况。10.由题意可知，此处应用oughtn',t表示不应该”11.由 he has known about it already可知，此处应用need n ，表示没有必要”。12. don' t hav表示 不必”13. should常用在形容词 sorry ,anxious , h

29、appy ,delighted等后接的that从句中,表示竟，会"等意义。15. had Bob walked farther 相当于 if Bob had walked farther。在虚拟条件状语从句中，省略if时要把had， should， were等提到句首。16. ought to have done 表示 过去本来应该做某事而事实上并没有做到”17. “(high s或about) time后所接从句时，从句谓语动词常用过去式。18. 问句中情态动词could表示委婉客气。19. 题意为他们竟然对此事一无所知，真令人奇怪” "It ' s strang

30、BDSsible.+that从句”的句型中，从句谓语常用“should动词原形”。20. can ( could ) have done表示对过去发生情况的可能性推测，常用于否定句或疑问句中。21. must be doi ng表示对现在正发生情况的肯定推测。22. suggest , order , dema nd , request等表示建议或命令等的动词后接宾语从句， 从句谓语常用“ should （常省略）+动词原形”23. if only 表示但愿”如果表示现在的愿望，句中谓语动词常用过去式；如果表示将来的愿望，句中谓语动词常用“would （could）+动词原形”；如果表示过去的

31、愿望，句中谓语动词常用“ had过去分词”24. will表示愿意”25. mustn 表示t禁止”26. 表示与现在的事实相反，从句用一般过去时，主句谓语常用 “ wou，could，should，might+动词原形”27. had it been possible 相当于 if it had been possible。but 分句是描述当时的事实，故用一般过去时态。28. at no time （在任何时候都不）位于句首时，句子应用部分倒装语序。should表示 应该。29. 此处用can表示一时之可能”。31. The door won'这门打不开。will表示 功能”可译为

32、 能，行”。又如：Eachclassroom will seat 60 students.每间教室能容纳 60 名学生。32. may （might ） have done表示对过去发生情况的可能性推测，常用于肯定句中。33. 题意为：在那个国家12岁以下的儿童在公共图书馆时必须（must ）有成年人监护。”34. 由judge （法官）一词可断定，此处有强制、命令的语气，故填shall。36.此处句意为：难道我不能（can '出去和汤姆玩一会儿吗？”38. should表示很可能”。39. needn' t have表禾 本来不需要做某事而事实上已经做了40. must be

33、表示对现在发生情况的肯定推测。英语语法专项习题-情态动词1()1 Johncome to see us tonight, but heisn't very sure yet.A. may B. canC. has to D. must()2 Theydo well in the exam.A. can be able to B. be able toC. can able to D. are able to()3 -May I take this book out?-No, you.A. can't B. may not C. n eed n't D. aren'

34、;t()4 Yougo and see a doctor at once because you're got a fever.A. can B. must C. dare D. would()5 -Ca n you speak Japa nese?-No, I.A. must n't B. can't C. n eed n't D. may not2( ) 1 -Hebe in the classroom, I think.-No, hebe in the classroom. I saw him go home a min ute ago.A. can; m

35、ay not B. must; may not C. may; can't D. may; must n't()2 -Shall I get one more cake for you, Dad?-Tha nks, but you, I've had eno ugh.A. may not B. must not C. can't D. n eed n't()3 Eve n the top stude nts in our class can't work out this problem, so it be very difficult.A. m

36、ay B. must C. can D. n eed()4 He isn't at school. I thi nk hebe ill.A. can B. shall C. must D. has to()5I take this one?A. May B. Will C. Are D. Do3( ) 1 The childrenplay football on the road.A. can't B. can C. must n't D. must()2 Yoube late for school aga in n ext time.A. must n't B

37、. n eed n'tC. don't have to D. don't n eed to()3 -Must I do my homework at on ce?-No, you.A. n eed n't B. must n't C. can't D. may not4( ) 1 His arm is all right. Hego and see the doctor.A. has not to B. don't have toC. have n't to D. does n't have to()2 He had to

38、 give up the pla n,he?A. did B. did n't C. does D. does n't()3 They had to walk here,they?A. must n't B. did C. did n't D. had n't5( ) 1 He had better stay here,he?A. did n't B. don't C. had n't D. is n't()2 You'd betterlate next time.A. not to be B. n ot be C. wo n'