情态动词和虚拟语气

1、语法精讲系列情态动词和虚拟语气、真题训练1.(2012 重庆高考 Sorry Sir, but it)you interrupt now? Can ' t you see I' m on the phone?'s urge nt.A. CanB. ShouldC. MustD. Would2.(2012 辽宁高考 school.)One of our rules is that every studentwear school uniform while atA. might3.(2012 四川高考as Ido in Chi na.B. couldC. shallD.

2、will)I got close eno ugh to hear them speak ing Chin ese, and I said“ Ni Hao ” , justA. mustC. can4.(2012 江西高考 dinner.)WeB. might_ have bought so much food now that Suzie won 'D. shouldt be with us forA. may not5.(2010 天津高考B. needn ' tC. can ' tD. must n)Markhave hurried. After driving a

3、t top speed, he arrived half an hourearly.A.needn ' tB. wouldn ' tC. mustn ' tD. could n 't6.(2011 ?浙江高考)How ' s your new babysitter?Weask for a better one. All our kids love her so much.A. ShouldC. mustn ' tD. could n 't7.(2012?陕西高考)I from home.B. mightthank you too much

4、 for all your help to my son while we were awayA. won ' tB. can ' tC. canD. will8.(2012 湖南高考 with you.)Sorry, I am too busy no w. If Itime, I would certainly go for an outingA. have hadB. had hadC. haveD. had9.(2012 安徽高考 there, she would n'A. lives)Grace doesn' t want to move to New

5、York because she thinks if she t be able to see her pare nts very ofte n.B. would liveC. has livedD. were to live10.(2012 陕西高考)If my carmore reliable, I would have drive n to Lhasa in stead of flyinglast summer.A. wasB. had bee nC. should beD. would be11.(2012 福建高考 in terest yesterday. A. visited)We

6、 lost our way in that small village, otherwise wemore places ofB. had visitedC. would visitD. would have visited12.(2012 北京高考A. should face)WeC. could have facedthe difficulty together, but why didn ' t you tell me?B. might faceD. must have faced13.(2011 全国卷IA. will)Theyhave arrived at lun chtim

7、e but their flight was delayed.B. canC. mustD. should14.(2010 湖北高考)Mr. Johnson insisted that the problem worthy of attentionat themeet ing.A. was discussedB. discussC. would be discussedD. be discussed15.（2011 北京高考）一Where are the children? The dinner' s going to be completely ruined. I wish they

8、always late.A. weren ' tB. hadn ' t beenC. wouldn ' t beD. wouldn ' t have been二、情态动词考点考点19大情态动词的基本用法考查指椿蛊动词典旬例示can could表示隴力He can pby lahle tennis quite well赫理怆上的可雄性苛戕可能夕Evm an experienced tcacbcr Ciin m酋kr mishikesH表示请求和允许表示请求川第巾常川他Id代替阿©You can have my seat.Fm goinpf now.SCo

9、nhl you give me a hand?mayJ might表示请求、允许供可,migbi比may的敢更委蜿©You muj use my dictionary.©Might I have a look at your new computer?mustWe nrast study hard and ninkc progress every day,表示牛気更瓣事K you most smflku,please go oul.shall肝第-二人称师问句中康利求对方的觑Shall I open the door?用于第二:人繃陈述旬我示说话人m的命令書 锹允诺或蒯:此

10、外肖财法勲规定时也用shallYou shah get an nver from me by tomorrow,©He shall go lintt whether be wants or not ©This law shall come into elfet on May 1st,should表示劝曲飆沖嵋ST讲You should learn from eadl other.表示翱盘外等情给意为咳娜1 canJt bear that he should apeak ill of me.用在临件旬中嵌示可删很小甩也俺覆何能If anyone should c（）nc,sa

11、y ITm not at home.情态动词主要用拄魏旬例示will/would用于表示竟志或意感I have told him Again and again to stop smoking < but he will nol listen.表示詹求用would比will委盘倍气翌Vould you like seme more coffee?老示习©； will可以表示现庄的习惯，意为“总是i习惯于S表亲过去的习愤性动作用他血1®Shc will sit hr hours reading in ihe afternoon.©Whrn he was you

12、ng, he would listen to music alcnc in 鼬 room.锻示爭物的某种性质和傾向Wood will float on (he water,need获示喘要;必要J用于香建句、証冋旬和饶件从旬巾Nted we make lhe test?No>we needn'tdare表小“杖；敢T " £婆II1T-融冋句-否 < 句和条11从句中.- 離不用于肯定亂1 dare say是习惯说法+意为“我恿，大ATHow dare you talk like that?Qlljjhl 10表示文筋灌为“应当冷语气比should甌表示

13、不十分肯定 或脅薦的推测，盧划*应左，应该噸Everyone ought r)hy the traffic rcgul；itcns. Hv mighl to he home hy now.考点23组易混情态动词用法比较考查指数情态动词主要用法典旬酬示C3Ti(Duld)/be able iocan/couldran只有现往式和过去式couH 表朮一#(建 力I aid sEnrving to death. ctl eat two IhjwIs qJ rice.be able to有党多的砸式* was.'wcrc able ttJ套示通过骑丿j克1B1OX9The fire s)rca

14、d lhruugh the hoiel very quickly Lui everytme w;is dblr Id get outmust/havetnmust側匝垄示说话人的主观看法;只有一种形式Wi mini! rely on (?usdv區have to表示客观需要*有不同啊形葢hmc Io give it up bcejiuse of my ilbcs即would/used towuuld太厢过去习惯性或食复性的和作,没寺与观 仙比的箫L爪可川亍无人称旬或存往句Last yearfQur En*li$h leachtr would sonielimes lei；I stories n

15、her chssHused to训今背对比可用于无人称旬咸存在旬He lold ms he used lo play IcjoiImB when he was yemnj特别提醒(Dean的一些常川同定搭配caiuiat liut eI( sth> /cannol help but do sth. cannot thoo眸 but do $ih表zfC不得 不，只旷cannot/can never, r. enough/ho 再"也不为过(2)niay的一些常用阖宝搖配nuy驻114动词原形倉为垸全亂粮可IS w訴诟应+朗词碾彩意为酱好+表示萦止禅不许收某那”回酱川皿皿握问的何

16、句时与回界用must提问的问旬时一徉.肖定回售用must, 否宦国挥耍用needn' i或don" have to(JI cMiiMt choose but 申h 我只好去4 Yofl cannot be c&rcful enmigK 你再细心也不为过.C1 Her 鼠叩earEiuce has chanH'eJ w nmrh that you nay well not recognise her.IS的模橹变化太尢，你很可能认不叭地 了。Ji You mav as well do it al onccP你绘好峙I：就做这件車*考点3 5大表示推测的情态动词用

17、法比较考查指数*情恵动词壤用旬式适用时忘怠义盛句罰示must一般时、进行 时、完成时一建.肯定 You must hr hungry after ihc long wjlkp Hu must he sleeping in the dormitory;csn(could)疑问旬否定旬进行时、完成时可能隴尊QShe nn't Iw reading in ihe reading riKJin nciw,Can Could this be an excuse for that?m；iy( might)肯進旬，否览旬-雜时、进行 时、完成时也i亿可能 Ih、may nnt bcb hp屮卩八OH

18、e may be playing haskttball on 血 血i密rouiuLJiuuldhkj呂hl io)一股时确定或期得QHe should be around sixty years okL (确定 11冷 nearly seven #rdock Jack should be here al the moment.(期制w|( would)肯企甸、否定 旬.腿何旬一般时、进秆 时、完成时大槪(T I Er niEI hjve forpolltn mr. I left him l& years apj.i wtHd be ebout ten when he left hom

19、e.二、虚拟语气考点1状语从句中虚拟语气的用法考查指数1. 条件状语从句(1) 条件与现在事实相反， 从句谓语用一般过去式(be多用were)；主句谓语用 would/should/could/might +动词原形。例If I had time, I would go there.条件与过去事实相反， 从句谓语用过去完成时had+过去分词；主句谓语用 would/should/could/might + have+过去分词。例If you had come earlier, you couldn ' t/wouldn ' t have missed the bus.条件与将来

20、事实相反，从句谓语用should do/were to do/一般过去式(be多用were);主句谓语用 would/should/could/ might +动词原形。例If it should rain/were to rain tomorrow, the sports meeting would be put off.2. 目的状语从句(1) so that/i n order that +从句：从句谓语用 can/could/may/might +动词原形。例 We got up early in order that we could catch the first bus.(2)

21、for fear that/i n case that + 从句：从句谓语用 should +动词原形，意为"以防，万一” 。例 We got up early for fear that we should miss the first bus.(3) lest +从句：从句谓语用should +动词原形，意为"以防万一”。例 We got up early lest that we should miss the first bus.3. 方式状语从句as if/as though + 从句：He talks as if he knew where she was.(1

22、) 与现在事实相反，从句用一般过去时；(2) 与过去事实相反，从句用过去完成时；He talks about Rome as if he had been there before.与将来事实相反，从句谓语用would/could/might+动词原形。He ope ned his mouth as if he would say someth ing.【点津】：as if/as though连接的从句表示可能的事实时，不需用虚拟语气。例 She speaks English as if/though she were a native of New York.（虚拟语气）It sou nds

23、 as if it is raining.（可能的事实）He talks as if he is drunk.（可能的事实）考点2 名词性从句及定语从句中虚拟语气的用法 考查指数1. 主语从句中的虚拟语气It is desired/suggested/proposed/necessary/importa nt/stra nge/natural/essential/a pity + that从句，从句中的谓语动词用"(should+)动词原形”。例It' s strange that she (should) make so much trouble.(1)表示“建议，命令，要

24、求”等意义时，名词性从句用“(should +)动词原形”。 建议：动词 advise, suggest, propose, recommend; 命令： order, comma nd; 要求：动词 request, require, dema nd, ask, in sist。例It is suggested that I(should) exercise every day.【点津】 suggest意为“表明，暗示”时，宾语从句不用虚拟语气;insist意为“坚持认为，坚持说”时，宾语从句不用虚拟语气。Tom insisted that he hadn' t stolen the

25、 watch.His smile suggested that he had succeeded in this exam.2. 宾语从句中的虚拟语气 表示愿望与“现在事实相反”，从句用一般过去时；例 How he wishes that he were a bird! 表示愿望与“过去事实相反”，从句用过去完成时；例 We wish that we had visited the Great Wall last year. 表示将来愿望实现的可能性很小，从句常用could/would +动词原形。例 We wish we would live on the moon one day.I wi

26、sh (that) + 宾语从句(虚拟语气)would rather/prefer + that从句(从句用虚拟语气) 表示愿望与“现在事实相反”，从句用一般过去时；例I would rather you were not here with me now. 表示愿望与“过去事实相反”，从句用过去完成时；例I would rather you hadn ' t done that. 表示愿望与“将来事实相反”，从句用一般过去时。例We' d rather you went here tomorrow.3表语从句和同位语从句中的两种虚拟语气(1)在 suggestion, pro

27、posal, order, plan, idea, request, advice 等名词后的表语从句和同位语从句中要用虚拟语气。其构成是“(should+)动词原形”。例 He gave orders that the guests (should) be hospitably entertained.(2)as if/though引导的表语从句过去时f表现在；过去进行时t表现在进行过去完成时f表过去 ；could/might/would+动词原形f表将来例It looks as if he were 10 years youn ger today.It looks as if he had

28、n' t had a meal for a week4 定语从句中的虚拟语气It's (about/high/very) time + that从句(从句用虚拟语气，谓语动词用一般过去式或 should do,should不能省略)，意为“某人该做某事了”。例It' s time that we should go/went home.考点33种特殊的虚拟语气结构类型要点归纳勲句例示在条杵句中的省略枷果虚拟条件旬中含有wcrt.shouldthad 牛词”可将if省略，把这三个词前魁于壬语 之前成席分倒装(J； Were I in ynur pwould do thk

29、same, Hiiii via hd timt. wc would have dropped by, Should he come tomorrow, would give him the dictbnary*错综时间当条杵狀语从旬所表示的行为和主旬丧示 的行为所證生的时间不一歎时这种虛縣 件旬歉为错球时间虚世旬。谕词的形式要 根拥它所表示的时间作岀相碰的调整 If you had taken tht doemr's adv ice t you would he buittr n<iw.©If you lid sluditd before-you we”】Id he r

30、 cx>legt studvnenow.舍蒂虚拟条件旬有时假设的情况并不以条件句表示出来川i 是時含在上下丈中比如通过介词（短语） with* without but for 等来屋示 Wha【would you (Io with a mi lion dollars?©We couldn't have finished the work in time whhMt your help.模拟训练1. (2013)Try as you, he won' t liste n to yeuoradhe pote ntial dan gers of smok ing.A.

31、 canB. mayC. dareD. will2. (2013) What is a left-luggage office?It is a place where luggagebe left for a certa in period of time, especially at a bus or atrain statio n.A . canB. shouldC. mustD. will3. (2013) Stude ntsrema in in their seats un til all the papers have bee n collected.A. mayB. shallC.

32、 n eedD. can4. (2013) Have you checked the engine?Yes, I did twice. Therebe anything wrong with the car.A. won ' tB. mustn ' tC. needn ' tD. shouldn ' t5. (2013) What do you mean, there are only ten tickets? Therebe twelve.A. mustB. canC. willD. should6. (2013) Hethe first place aga

33、in, in which case, his mother will be more tha n happy.A. can ' t win B. would have wonC. might winD. could have won7. (2013) I wonder why Tom is late again.Well , hehis train, or maybe overslept.A. might missB. may have missedC. should missD. must have missed8. (2013) At a con struct ion site i

34、n our city the workers have un covered an ancient wall thatto keep the en emy out of the city, but it requires further evide nee.A. might have fun cti onedB. would have functionedC. must have fun cti onedD. should have functioned9. (2013)We apologize for any inconvenience you have been caused by the

35、 delay of the flight.A . mayB . wouldC. mustD. need10. (2013) I have just received ano ther message, telli ng me I have won a big prize.Don' t jump on it. You.A. should be cheatedB. must have bee n cheatedC. are cheat ingD. must have cheated11. Dad, iPho ne 5 is coming to market. Would you pleas

36、e buy me one?Your birthday is coming and youhave one for your birthday.A. mustB. n eedC. mayD. shall12. (2013)Shewell let out the secret , for she looked very upset when seeing me.A. canB. mayC. mustD. shall13. (2013) Mary looks hot and dry.Soyou if you had a high fever.A. doB. areC. willD. would14.

37、 If you hadn' t taken such a long time to make up, we there by'nodv.A. beB. areC. have bee nD. will be15. If I had see n the movie, I you all about it now.A. would tellB. will tellC. have toldD. would have told16. I apologize if Iyou, but I assure you it was uninten ti on al.A. offendB. had

38、offen dedC. should have offen dedD. might have offen ded17. (2013) I didn ' t go to the art show, because I lost my ticket.Youhave borrowed min e. I did n' t go to see it any way.A. mightB. n eedC. couldD. must18. (2013)1 can ' t thank you too much for your kindness because without your

39、help Ihavewon the first prize in the speech con test.A. can ' tB. shouldn ' tC. might notD. couldn ' t19. (2013) “They didn ' t take measures in time, otherwise the explosionsSome expertssaid.A. wouldn ' t happenB. didn ' t happenC. wouldn ' t hdnappenedD. mustn ' t h

40、ave happened20. (2013)Had the calculations been done by hand, all practical valueby the time they werefini shed.A. had lostB. would loseC. should have lostD. would have lost21. If youJerry Brown until recently, you' d think the phghiigwaphstrianhie.A. shouldn ' ttaotiB. didn ' t contactC. weren ' t tontactD. hadn ' t contacted22. Look at the terrible situation I am in! If only Iyour advice.A. followB. would followC. had followedD. have followed23. The board deem