2019-2020学年北师大版高中英语选修七教学案：Unit21HumanBiology-语法篇(学生版)

1、Unit21 Human Biology- 语法篇，哈大脑体操）嘘作业完成情况）行教学目标）1、掌握混合条件句中的虚拟语气的用法。2、情态动词的用法。混合条件句中的虚拟语气混合条件句主句是指条件句中含有不同的条件结构，谓语动词所表示的动作和条件从句谓语动词所表示的动作并不是同时发生，如一个与过去事实相反，另一个与现在事实相反。在这种条件句中，动词的形式要根据具体情况进行调整。非真空条件从句主句If it had rained last night,it would be very cold today.If I had taken your advice,I would have no tro

2、uble with the work now.If I were you,I would have gone to see the film last night.If he had told me about it,I would known what to do nowIf you had followed the doctor' s advice （tWn）|cyOu all right now.如果你那时听了医生的话，你现在就好了 .（主句与从句发生的时间不同，应按照主句与从句各自的时间做调整.）If you had watered them more, the crops w

3、ould be growing still better. 如果你再给庄稼多浇些水，他们会长得更好.（指现在长得更好.）If you had watered them more, the crops would have grown still better.如果你早就给庄稼多浇些水,他们就会长得更好(表示对过去的虚拟)情态动词一定义情态动词是一种本身有一定的词义,但要与动词原形一起使用，给谓语动词增添情态色彩，表示说话人对有关行为或事物的态度和看法， 认为其可能、应该或必要等。情态动词后面加动词原形。二分类：情态动词有四类：做情态动词： must,can(could),may(might),

4、ought to可做情态动词又可做实义动词： need,dare可做情态动词又可做助动词： shall(should),will(would)具有情态动词特征： have(had) to,used to三常用情态动词的用法1 .must 和 have to 表示必要性2 .can t 表示不可能，mustn t 表示不允许或禁止3 .don t have to 和 needn t 表示没有必要4 .can 和 could 表示能力和可能性， 还可表示请求允许5 .must,might,could 表示猜想和推测6 .may 表示可能和允许四.情态动词+have+过去分词1. must+have

5、+done”表示对过去事情的肯定推测，译成“一定做过某事”，该结构只用于肯定句。1) . It must have rained last night, for the ground is wet. 昨晚一定下雨了，因为地面还是湿的。2) . You must have been mad to speak to the servant. 你和仆人说话，一定是发疯了。2. Can't+have+done”表示对过去事情的否定推测，译成“不可能做过某事”。1) . Mr. Smith can t have gone to Beijing, for I saw him in the libr

6、ary just now. 史密斯先生不可 能去北京了，我刚才还在图书馆见过他。2) . Mary can't have stolen your money. She has gone home. 玛丽不可能偷你的钱， 她回家去了。3. Can+have+done”表示对过去行为的怀疑，用于疑问句，译成“可能做过吗？"。1) . There is no light in the room. Can they have gone out? 屋里没有灯，他们可能出去了吗？2) . There is nowhere to find them. Where Can they have

7、 gone? 到处找不到他们，他们可能到什么地方去呢？4. “Could+have+done ”是虚拟语气，表示对过去事情的假设，意思是本来能够做某事而没有做。 He could have passed the exam, but he was too careless.本来他能够通过考试，但是他太粗心。5. may+have+done”表示对发生过去的事情的推测，意思是“可能已经"或"也许已经”，用于肯定句中。What has happened to George?- I don't know. He may have got lost.一乔治发生了什么事？一一我

8、不知道，他可能迷路了。might+have+done”表示对过去事情的推测，might与may意思相同，但可能性更小。多用于虚拟语气结构中。1） . He might have given you more help, even though he was busy. （MET90）他或许会多给你一些帮助，即使他很忙。2） . She might have achieved greater progress, if you had given her more chances.如果你多给她点机会，她可能已经取得更大的成绩。6. should+have+done"意思是"本来

9、应该做某事，而实际没做。"shouldn't+have+done”表示本来不应该做某事，而实际做了。含有指责对方或自责的含意。1） . Tom, you are too lazy. The work should have been finished yesterday. 汤姆，你太懒惰了，这 项工作本来应该昨天就做完的。2） . Look, Tom is crying. I shouldn't have been so harsh on him. 看， 汤姆哭了, 我本来不应该对 他如此严厉。7. ought to+have+done”表示过去应该做而实际并没有做，

10、译成“理应做”，往往表示遗憾。与should+have+done”用法基本一样。，特色饼解）例 1. （2015?北京）一Can't you stay a little longer? It ' s getting late. I really go now, My diughter is home alone.A .mayB .canC . mustD .dare例 2. （2015?重庆）You be Carol. You haven't changed a bit after all these years.A. mustB. canC. willD. shall

11、例 3. （2015 安徽安庆一中月考）If you were older I you to go there yesterday.A .will allowB. should allow C. would have allowed D. had allowed例 4. （2014 d匕京海淀二模 ）If I the project earlier, I would be enjoying myself on the beachnow.A. might finishB. finishedC. had finishedD. would have finished例 5. （2015 北京海淀一模

12、）一What do you think of the Huawei P7?Terrific. I would buy one if I an iPhone 6 Plus last year.A. didn ' t buy B. don ' t buyC. hadn ' t bought D. haven ' t bought于仓当聋练弓）一.单项选择。基础演练( )1. Mary's sister looks very beautiful now.- But she was very ugly before she tidied up her appea

13、rance(整容).You believe it!A. shouldn'tB. mustn'tC. wouldn'tD. might not()2. Where is Mr. Smith? I can 't find him anywhere. He far, for his mobile phone is still here.A. mustn't have goneB. wouldn't have goneC. can't have goneD. shouldn ' t have gone( )3. -Why didn'

14、;t John take part in the race yesterday? He out of the race because of his serious injury.A. needn't have droppedB. should have droppedC. would have droppedD. must have dropped( )4. You the day off from work, which created a burden for everyone else.A. shouldn' t have takenB. mustn have take

15、nC. couldn' t have takenD. wouldn ' t have taken ( )5. More water and the young trees.A. couldn' t have diedB. needn ' t have diedC. shouldn ' t have diedD. mustn't have died ( )6. Although Lily is usually easy-going, she be sometimes quite annoying.A. mustB. needC. canD. sho

16、uld( )7. " Nothingin this letter be considered as a license to use the artistpersonalpossessions ” , the judge declared on the court.A. canB. shallC. mustD. may( )8. May I take this book out of the reading room? No, you. You read it here.A. mustn tB. mightn ' t C. won ' t D. needn '

17、 t( )9. Mr. Smith, Tom is here.he come in now?-Oh, yes please. I ' ve beseimgexhpm.A. ShouldB. ShallC. MightD. Must( )10.Why don't you wear your jogging shorts, Mum?Well, my legs are too skinny, if you know.A. shouldB. canC. needD. must巩固提高1. The 5-year-old girl wishes she is a college stude

18、nt now.2. He suggested that we took more exercise to keep fit.3. I know people are trying to help, but I wish they wouldn't treat me as if I am a child.4. We would have won if Jack scored that goal in that match.5. They desired that they had the right to vote.是当舂检测)一.适当形式填空(单句适当形式)1. What do you

19、 think would happen if there(be) no light during the days?2. If he had not made many mistakes, he(pass) the test.3. I(go) to my cousin's birthday party last night, but I was not available.4. Eye doctors recommend that a child's first eye exam (be) at the age of six months old.5. If I(know) t

20、hat it was such a hard job, I(ask) Mr. Li for help.6. It is time we(take) measures to protect the environment.7. If her lawyer (be) here last Sunday, he (prevent) her from going.8. If you had arrived at the airport ten minutes earlier, you(not miss) the flight.9. If you(be) here last night, you woul

21、d have met the well-known cancer expert.10. I would rather he(come) tomorrow than today.6当望总结)享家庭作业)一.单项选择( )1. The doctor recommended that you swim after eating a large meal.A. wouldn ' t B. couldn ' t C. needn ' tD. shouldn ' t( )2. Seeing the enemy, Gary was behaving as though not

22、hing.A. happenedB. had happenedC. would happenD. was happening( )3. I didn t go to the pbaurtyI, do wish I there.A. wasB. wereC. had beenD. went( )4. The doctor recommended that I here for sunshine to help me to getover my illness.A. would come B. came C. had comeD. come( )5. His parentsish waws tha

23、t he home immediately.A. returned B. would return C. returnsD. return( )6. - What did Mary say to you?- She suggested that we go swimming that afternoon.A. mustB. wouldC. shouldD. might( )7. - Did you make it at last?- Yes. But for your help, ita serious loss.A. would causeB. must have causedC. woul

24、d have causedD. may cause( )8. 35 passengers died in the bullet train accident. But for the heroic train driver, many more people.A. had diedB.would dieC. would have diedD. died( )9. I still remember it as if ityesterday.A. happensB.happenedC. has happenedD. happening( )10. The kind-hearted couple t

25、reat the orphan very well as if hetheir ownson.A. isB. were C. had beenD. should be二 . 阅读理解People from all over the world have different wedding traditions and marriage customs. The one thing that all wedding ceremonies commonly seem to have is the commitment( 承诺 ) of love for all time during a publ

26、ic ceremony.Everyone at a wedding hopes for great happiness between the wedding couple. Wedding traditions are usually a way of showing signs of the hope for great happiness. Some of these traditions are very interesting.In Sweden, the traditional bride will wear three rings by the end of the weddin

27、g ceremony.The first is the engagement(订婚)ring that she entered the ceremony with. The second, the wedding ring, is added to the first. A final ring, however, is added as well. This ring is known as the "motherhood" ring. This is said to show that marriage is about more than just love. It

28、is about building a family.Wedding traditions in the Philippines include the Pandango, a dance which can last for hours.During the Pandango, guests pin (用大头针别住) money to the bride's dress to pay for their honeymoon.A traditional Irish bride may wear a blue wedding dress-believing blue to be a lu

29、cky colour. English Lavender( 薰衣草 ) is often mixed with her wedding flowers. It is traditional for the bride to braid her hair( 梳头发 ) as it is considered a good way to bring luck to the new couple.There are many wedding traditions around the world which may differ from what they are used to, but if you are about to plan a wedding, you may find it interesting to include some of these traditions in your own wedding.( )1. What do all wedding ceremonies seem to have in common?A. The commitment of love for all time.C. An interesting life.( )2. In Sweden, the trad