物流英语课件之运输讲义

1、Chapter 2 Overview of Transportation&Ocean shipping 1Key words and terms Transportation modes 运输方式 Road transport /rail transport /air transport/water transport/ pipeline Intermodal transportation 多式联运 Intermodal transport operator 多式联运经营人 Intermodal service 联运服务 Trucking 卡车运输 maritime transport

2、 海洋运输2Introduction Transportation refers to the physical movement of goods from a place of orign to a place of consumption. It can involve raw materials being brought into the production process or finished goods being shipped to the customer.3Introduction Transportation encompass five types, or mod

3、es: water, air, road, rail and pipeline Maritime shipping Maritime Freight,Cargo ships,Shipping Service4Transportation Mode Highlights 5 Economical compared with trucking, especially over long distances (cost-effective) Can be rapid, especially over long distances Good for large volume Hauls mainly

4、coal, grain, fertilizer, mineral, lumber, autos, containersRail6Disadvantages The major disadvantages of railway are the inherent inflexibility of operation,fixed time schedules and marshalling,and service from terminal to terminal.7 Allows rapid movement of goods over short distance Allows “just in

5、 time” deliveries Direct, flexible, can go anywhere roads are A door to door service Uses existing roadway infrastructure Trucking for goods movement, auto for passengerRoad 8Disadvantages With the development of road transportation,new types of problems,such as a significant growth of fuel consumpt

6、ion,air pollution,traffic congestion and road accidents have emerged.9AirGood for - Time sensitive materials- Mail- Lightweight material- Perishable- Valuable Short time cycle for infrastructure building Extremely rapid,flexible deliveryExpensive Be easily influenced by heavy weather10Waterways Incl

7、udes rivers, lakes, canal, waterways, maritime shipping Move a large number of cargoes Good for bulk freight Low cost Low speed11Freight modal capacitiesWhy are these differences important to us?12 Pipelines operate on a twenty-four-hour basis,seven days per week,fifty two weeks per year.(continuous

8、) intensive infrastructure investment Low cost Low pollution Mostly for goods such as petroleum,natural gas and coal(specific cargos) Inflexible carry one commodity from a location to anotherPipelines13Ranking Modes of Transportation 142 Ocean Shipping Cargo typesShip TypesOcean Shipping service15 G

9、eneral cargo ship 普通货船 Refrigerator ship 冷藏船 Container ship 集装箱船 Lash-lighter aboard ship/ barge carrying ship 载驳船 Oil tanker 油船 Chemical tanker 化学品船 Liner 班轮运输 Tramper 不定期货船 Charter on a time basis (time charter)定期租船 Charter on a voyage basis (voyage charter) 航次租船16Why ocean shipping The continuous

10、ly increasing demand for goods movement around the world The advantage of maritime transport Good for bulk freight Low cost good for long distance travel The renovation of maritime transport large carrying capacity, faster movement, fewer hands required 17Cargo types Bulk cargo Bulk cargo refers to

11、freight,both dry or liquid,that is not packaged such as minerals(oil,coal,iron ore)and grains. Break-bulk cargo Break-bulk cargo refers to general cargo that has been packaged in some way with the use of bags,box or drums.18Ship Types (divided by functions) Dry cargo ship Tanker General cargo ship R

12、efrigerator ship Container ship Lash-lighter aboard ship ( barge carrying vessel )Oil tanker Chemical tanker Miscellaneous tankerConventional cargo ship Multi-purpose general cargo ship Specialized dry cargo shipfull container ship Semi-container ship Roll on/ roll off container ship 19Ship Types (d

13、ivided by carried cargo types) Bulk carriers Bulk carriers are ships designed to carry specific commodities,and are differentiated into liquid bulk and dry bulk vessels. General cargo ships General cargo ships are vessels designed to carry non-bulk cargoes.Because of extremely slow loading and off-l

14、oading,20Ship Types (divided by carried cargo types) these vessels have been replaced by container ships. Roll on-roll off vessels RORO vessels are designed to allow cars,trucks and train to be loaded directly on board.The largest are the car carriers that transport vehicles from assembly plants to

15、the main markets.21Ships types (divided by the size of ships) According to the size of vessels, they can be divided into Ultra Large Crude Carriers“ (ULCCs) 极大型油轮of more than 300,000 dead weight tons (DWT); “Very Large Crude Carriers” (VLCCs) 超大型油轮from 200,000 to 300,000 DWT; “Suezmax” tankers 苏伊士型油

16、轮between 125,000 and 180,000 DWT; “Aframax” tanker非洲型油轮between 75,000 and 125,000 DWT; “Panamax” tankers巴拿马型油轮of around 50,000 DWT; “Handymax” 便利型油轮tankers of around 35,000 DWT; “Handy Size”轻型油轮 tankers of 20,000-30,000 DWT D.W.T.( deadweight ton) is referred to the carrying capacity in transportati

17、on. 22Types of Ocean Shipping service 1. Liner 班轮运输 Liner offer shipping space, as common carriers, on ships operating along fixed routes on regular schedule, principally engaged in carrying general cargo in relatively small shipments and limited volumes232. Trampers 不定期船运输 Refer to ships playing on

18、 waterways without pre-set schedule or fixed routes and sailings normally depend on the availability of cargoes entrust for carriages. 24 Services Comparison TrampingLiner Shipping Transportation DemandNumber of shippersFewManyQuantityLargeSmallUnit valueLowHighRegularityLowHigh Transportation SupplyContractVesselFreight (bill