morphology练习部分答案

1、Chapter 3 Lexic onI. Choose the best an swer. (20%)1. Nouns, verbs and adjectives can be classified asA. lexical wordsB. grammaticalwords C. fun cti on wordsD. form words2. Morphemes that represe nt ten se, nu mber, genderand case are calledmorpheme.A. in flectio nalB.freeC.boundD. derivati onal3. T

2、here aremorphemes in the wordden ati on alizati on.A. threeB.fourC. fiveD.six4.In En glish-ise andion are called.A. prefixesB.suffixesC. in fixesD.stems5. The three subtypes of affixes are: prefix, suffix andA. derivatio nal affixB. i nflectio nalaffixC. i nfixD.back-formatio n6. is a way in which n

3、ew words may beformed from already existi ng words by subtract ing an affix which is thought to be part of the old word.A. affixati onB.back-formatio nC. i nsertio nD.additi on7. The word TB is formed in the way of.A. acronymyB.clippi ngC. i nitialismD.ble nding8. The words like comsat and sitcom ar

4、e formed byA. ble ndingB.clipp ingC. back-formatio nD.acr onymy9.The stem of disagreeme nts is.A. agreeme ntB.agreeC. disagreeD.disagreeme nt10.All of them are meanin gful except for.A. lexemeB.phon emeC. morphemeD.allomorphII. Decide whether the followi ng stateme nts are true or false. (10%)11. Ph

5、on etically, the stress of a compo und always falls on the first eleme nt, while the sec ond eleme nt receives sec on dary stress.12. Fore as in foretell is both a prefix and a bound morpheme.13. Base refers to the part of the word that remai ns whe n all in flecti onal affixes are removed.14. In mo

6、st cases, prefixes cha nge the meaning of the base whereas suffixes cha nge the word-class of the base.15. Conversion from noun to verb is the most productive process of a word.16. Reduplicative compo und is formed by repeat ing the same morpheme of a word.17. The words whimper, whisper and whistle

7、are formed in the way of ono matopoeia.18. In most cases, the nu mber of syllables of a word corresp onds to the nu mber of morphemes.19. Back-formati on is a productive way of word-formatio ns.20. In flectio n is a particular way of word-formatio ns.III. Fill in the bla nks. (20%)21. Anis pronoun c

8、ed letter by letter,while anis pronoun ced as a word.22. Lexic on, in most cases, is synonym ous with23. Orthographically, compo unds are writte n in threeways:,and.24. All words may be said to contain a root25. A small set of conj un cti ons, prepositi ons andpronouns bel ong toclass, while the lar

9、gestpart of nouns, verbs, adjectives and adverbs bel ongs to class.26. is a reverse process of derivatio n,and therefore is a process of shorte ning.27. is extremely productive, becauseEnglish had lost most of its inflectional endings by the end of Middle En glish period, which facilitated the use o

10、f words in tercha ngeably as verbs or nouns, verbs or adjectives, and vice versa.28. Words are divided into simple, compo und andderived words on thelevel.29. A word formed by derivati on is called a, and a word formed by compo unding is called a.IV. Expla in the followi ng terms, using examples. (2

11、0%)33.Closed-class word34. Morphological ruleV. An swer the followi ng questi ons. (20%)35. How many types of morphemes are there in theEnglish Ianguage? What are they?(大学，2003 )36. What are the mai n features of the En glish compo un ds?VI. An alyze the followi ng situatio n. (20%)37. Match the ter

12、ms un der COLUMN I with theunderlined forms from COLUMN II(大学，2004 )III(1)acronyma.foefreemorphemeb.subc on scious(3) derivatio nal morphemec. UNESCO (4) in flecti onalmorphemed.overwhelmed(5)prefixe.calculationI.15 AACBB610 BCADBII.1115 FTFTT1620 FTFFFIII.21. in itialism, acr onym22. vocabulary23.

13、solid, hyphe nated, ope n24. morpheme25. close, ope n26.back-formatio n27. conv ersi on28. morpheme30. affix, bound root29. derivative, compo undIV.31. Ble nding: It is a process of word-formati on inwhich a new word is formed by comb ining the meanings and sounds of two words, one of which is not i

14、n its full form or both of which are not in their full forms, like n ewscast (n ews + broadcast), brunch (breakfast + lun ch)32. Allomorph: It is any of the variant forms of a morpheme as con diti oned by positi on or adjoining soun ds.33. Close-class word: It is a word whose membership is fixed or limited. Pronouns, prepositions, conjunctions, articles, etc. are all c