莫言诺贝尔文学奖演讲(中英文对照)

1、莫言诺贝尔文学奖演讲北京时间2012年12月8日0时30分，诺贝尔文学奖获得者莫言在瑞典学院发表演讲，以下为演讲实录，英文由 Howard Goldblatt 翻译：尊敬的瑞典学院各位院士，女士们、先生们：Dist in guished members of the Swedish Academy, Ladies and Gen tleme n:通过电视或网络，我想在座的各位，对遥远的高密东北乡，已经有了或多或少的了解。你们也许看到了我的九十岁的老父亲，看到了我的哥哥姐姐我的妻子女儿和我的一岁零四个月的 外孙子，但是有一个此刻我最想念的人，我的母亲，你们永远无法看到了。我获奖后，很多 人分享了

2、我的光荣，但我的母亲却无法分享了。Through the mediums of televisi on and the Intern et, I imagi ne that every one here has at least a no ddi ng acqua intance with far-off Northeast Gaomi Town ship. You may have seen my ninety-year-old father,as well as my brothers, my sister, my wife andmy daughter, even my gran dda

3、ughter, now a year and four mon ths old. But the pers on who is most on my mind at this mome nt, my mother, is some one you will n ever see.Many people have shared in the honor of winning this prize, every one but her.我母亲生于1922年，卒于1994年。她的骨灰，埋葬在村庄东边的桃园里。去年，一条铁路要 从那儿穿过，我们不得不将她的坟墓迁移到距离村子更远的地方。掘开坟墓后，我们

4、看到， 棺木已经腐朽，母亲的骨殖，已经与泥土混为一体。我们只好象征性地挖起一些泥土，移到新的墓穴里。也就是从那一时刻起，我感到，我的母亲是大地的一部分，我站在大地上的诉说，就是对母亲的诉说。My mother was born in 1922 and died in 1994. We buried her in a peach orchard eastof the village. Last year we were forced to move her grave farther away from the village in order to make room for a propos

5、ed rail li ne. When we dug up the grave, we saw that the coffi n had rotted away and that her body had merged with the damp earth around it. So we dug up some of that soil, a symbolic act, and took it to the new gravesite. That was when I grasped the knowledge that my mother had become part of the e

6、arth, and that whe n I spoke to mother earth, I was really speak ing to my mother.我是我母亲最小的孩子。I was my mother ' s youngest child.我记忆中最早的一件事，是提着家里唯一的一把热水壶去公共食堂打开水。因为饥饿无力， 失手将热水瓶打碎，我吓得要命，钻进草垛，一天没敢出来。傍晚的时候我听到母亲呼唤我的乳名，我从草垛里钻出来，以为会受到打骂，但母亲没有打我也没有骂我，只是抚摸着我 的头，口中发出长长的叹息。My earliest memory was of tak ing

7、 our only vacuum bottle to the public can tee n fordrinking water. Weakenedby hunger, I dropped the bottle and broke it. Scared witless,I hid all that day in a haystack. Toward evenin g, I heard my mother calli ng my childhood n ame, so I crawled out of my hidi ng place, prepared to receive a beati

8、ng or a scolding. But Mother didn' t hit me, didn ' t even scold me. She just rubbedmy head and heaved a sigh.我记忆中最痛苦的一件事，就是跟着母亲去集体的地理拣麦穗，看守麦田的人来了，拣麦穗的人纷纷逃跑，我母亲是小脚，跑不快，被捉住，那个身材高大的看守人煽了她一个耳光， 她摇晃着身体跌倒在地，看守人没收了我们拣到的麦穗，吹着口哨扬长而去。我母亲嘴角流血，坐在地上，脸上那种绝望的神情深我终生难忘。多年之后，当那个看守麦田的人成为一 个白发苍苍的老人，在集市上与我相逢，我冲

9、上去想找他报仇，母亲拉住了我，平静的对我说：“儿子，那个打我的人，与这个老人，并不是一个人。”My most painful memory involved going out in the collective' s field with Motherto glea n ears of wheat. The glea ners scattered whe n they spottedthe watchma n. ButMother, who had bound feet, could not run; she was caught and slapped so hard by the

10、 watchman, a hulk of a man, that she fell to the ground. The watchman confiscated the wheat we' d gleaned and walked off whistling.As she sat on the ground, her lipbleeding, Mother wore a look of hopelessness I ' ll never forget. Years later, when I encoun tered the watchma n, now a gray-hai

11、red old man, in the marketplace, Mother had to stop me from going up to avenge her. “ Son, ” she said evenly, “ the man who hit me and this man are not the same pers on.”我记得最深刻的一件事是一个中秋节的中午，我们家难得的包了一顿饺子，每人只有一碗。正当我们吃饺子时，一个乞讨的老人来到了我们家门口，我端起半碗红薯干打发他，他却愤愤不平地说：“我是一个老人，你们吃饺子，却让我吃红薯干。你们的心是怎么长的？”我气急败坏的说：“我们

12、一年也吃不了几次饺子，一人一小碗，连半饱都吃不了！给你红薯干就不错了，你要就要，不要就滚！”母亲训斥了我，然后端起她那半碗饺子，倒进了老人碗里。My clearest memoryis of a MoonF estival day, at noon time, one of those rare occasi ons when we ate jiaozi at home, one bowl apiece. An aging beggar came to our door while we were at the table, and when I tried to send him away

13、with half a bowlful of dried sweet potatoes, he reacted angrily:“I' m an old man, ” he said. “You people areeati ng jiaozi, but want to feed me sweet potatoes. How heartless can you be?” Ireacted just as angrily:“We re lucky if we eat jiaozi a couple of times a year,one small bowlful apiece, bar

14、ely eno ugh to get a taste! You should be tha nkful we' re giving you sweet potatoes, and if you don' t want them, you can get the hell outof here! ” After (dressing me down) reprimanding me, Mother dumped her half bowlful of jiaozi into the old man' s bowl.我最后悔的一件事，就是跟着母亲去卖白菜，有意无意的多算了一位

15、买白菜的老人一毛钱。算完钱我就去了学校。当我放学回家时，看到很少流泪的母亲泪流满面。母亲并没有骂我，只是轻轻的说：“儿子，你让娘丢了脸。”My most remorseful memory in volves helpi ng Mother sell cabbages at market, and meovercharg ing an old villager one jiao inten ti on ally or no t, I can' t recall before headi ng off to school. When I came home that after noon

16、, I saw that Motherwas crying, somethi ng she rarely did. In stead of scoldi ng me, she merely said softly,“ Son, you embarrassed your mother today.”我十几岁时，母亲患了严重的肺病，饥饿，病痛，劳累，使我们这个家庭陷入了困境，看不到光明和希望。我产生了一种强烈的不祥之兆，以为母亲随时都会自己寻短见。每当我劳动归来，一进大门就高喊母亲，听到她的回应，心中才感到一块石头落了地。如果一时听不到她的回应，我就心惊胆战，跑到厨房和磨坊里寻找。有一次找遍了所有

17、的房间也没有见到母亲的身影，我便坐在了院子里大哭。这时母亲背着一捆柴草从外面走进来。她对我的哭很不满，但我又不能对她说出我的担忧。母亲看到我的心思，她说：“孩子你放心，尽管我活着没有一点乐趣，但只要阎王爷不叫我，我是不会去的。”Mother con tracted a serious lung disease when I was still in my tee ns. Hun ger, disease, and too much work made things extremely hard on our family. The road ahead looked especially bl

18、eak, and I had a bad feeling about the future, worried that Mother might take her own life. Every day, the first thing Idid when I walked in the door aftera day of hard labor was call out for Mother. Heari ng her voice was like givi ng my heart a new lease on life. But not hearing her threw meinto a

19、 panic. I ' d go looking for her in the side buildi ng and in the mill. One day, after search ing everywhere and not finding her, I sat dow n in the yard and cried like a baby. That is how she found me whe n she walked into the yard carry ing a bun dle of firewood on her back.She was very un hap

20、py with me, but I could not tell her what I was afraid of. Sheknew any way. “ Son,” she said, “ don' t worry, there may be no joy in my life, butI won ' t leave you till the God of the Underworld calls me.”我生来相貌丑陋，村子里很多人当面嘲笑我，学校里有几个性格霸蛮的同学甚至为此打我。我回家痛苦，母亲对我说：“儿子，你不丑，你不缺鼻子不缺眼，四肢健全，丑在哪里？而且只要你心存

21、善良，多做好事，即便是丑也能变美。”后来我进入城市，有一些很有文化的人依然在背后甚至当面嘲弄我的相貌，我想起了母亲的话，便心平气和地向他们道歉。I was born ugly. Villagers ofte n laughed in my face, and school bullies sometimesbeat me up because of it. I ' d run home crying, where my mother would say, “You' re not ugly, Son. You' ve got a nose and two eyes, a

22、nd there ' s nothing wrong with your arms and legs, so how could you be ugly? If you have a good heart and always do the right thing, what is con sidered ugly becomes beautiful.” Later on, whe n I movedto the city, there were educated people who laughed at me behind my back, some even to my face

23、; but whe n I recalled what Mother had said, I just calmly offered myapologies.我母亲不识字，但对识字的人十分敬重。我们家生活困难，经常吃了上顿没下顿。但只要我对她提出买书买文具的要求，她总是会满足我。她是个勤劳的人，讨厌懒惰的孩子，但只要是我因为看书耽误了干活，她从来没批评过我。My illiterate mother held people who could read in high regard. We were so poor weoften did not know where our next meal

24、 was coming from, yet she never denied my request to buy a book or someth ing to write with. By n ature hard work ing, she had no use for lazy childre n, yet I could skip my chores as long as I had my nose in a book.有一段时间，集市上来了一个说书人。我偷偷地跑去听书，忘记了她分配给我的活儿。为此，母亲批评了我，晚上当她就着一盏小油灯为家人赶制棉衣时，我忍不住把白天从说书人听来的故事

25、复述给她听，起初她有些不耐烦，因为在她心目中说书人都是油嘴滑舌，不务正业的人，从他们嘴里冒不出好话来。但我复述的故事渐渐的吸引了她，以后每逢集日她便不再给我排活，默许我去集上听书。为了报答母亲的恩情，也为了向她炫耀我的记忆力，我会把白天听到的故事，绘声绘色地讲给她听。A storyteller once came to the marketplace, and I sneaked off to listen to him. She was unhappy with mefor forgetting mychores. But that night, while she was stitchin

26、g padded clothes for us under the weak light of a kerosene lamp, I couldn ' t keep from retelling stories I ' d heard that day. She listened impatiently at first, since in her eyes professional storytellers were smooth-talkingmenin a dubious profession.Nothi ng good ever came out of their mo

27、uths. But slowly she was dragged in to myretold stories, and from that day on, she n ever gave me chores on market day, un spoke n permissi on to go to the marketplace and liste n to new stories. As repayme nt forMother' s kindn ess and a way to dem on strate mymemory, I ' d retell the stori

28、es forher in vivid detail.很快的，我就不满足复述说书人讲的故事了，我在复述的过程中不断的添油加醋，我会投我母亲所好，编造一些情节，有时候甚至改变故事的结局。我的听众也不仅仅是我的母亲，连我的姐姐，我的婶婶，我的奶奶都成为我的听众。我母亲在听完我的故事后，有时会忧心忡忡地，像是对我说，又像是自言自语："儿啊，你长大后会成为一个什么人呢？难道要靠耍 贫嘴吃饭吗？ ”It did not take long to find retelli ng some one else' s stories un satisfy ing, so Ibegan embel

29、lishing my narration. I' d say things I knew would please Mother, evenchanged the ending once in a while. And she wasn' t the only memberof my audienee, which later in cluded my older sisters, my aun ts, even my maternal gran dmother.Sometimes, after my mother had listened to one of my stori

30、es, she' d ask in acare-lade n voice, almost as if to herself:“ What will you be like whe n you growup, son? Might you wind up prattl ing for a livi ng one day?”我理解母亲的担忧，因为在村子里，一个贫嘴的孩子，是招人厌烦的，有时候还会给自己和家庭带来麻烦。我在小说牛里所写的那个因为话多被村子里厌恶的孩子，就有我童年时 的影子。我母亲经常提醒我少说话，她希望我能做一个沉默寡言、安稳大方的孩子。但在我身上，却显露出极强的说话能力和极

31、大的说话欲望，这无疑是极大的危险，但我说的故事的能力，又带给了她愉悦，这使他陷入深深的矛盾之中。I knew why she was worried. Talkative kids are not well thought of in our village, for they can bring trouble to themselves and to their families. There is a bit of a young mein the talkative boy who falls afoul of villagers in my story “ Bulls. ” Moth

32、er habitually cauti oned me not to talk so much, wanting me to be a tacitur n, smooth and steady youn gster. In stead I was possessed of a dan gerous comb in ati on remarkable speaking skills and the powerful desire that went with them. My ability to tell stories brought her joy, but that created a

33、dilemma for her.俗话说“江山易改、本性难移”，尽管我有父母亲的谆谆教导，但我并没有改掉我喜欢说话的天性，这使得我的名字“莫言”，很像对自己的讽刺。A popular saying goes “It is easier to change the course of a river than a person ' s nature. ” Despite my parents ' tireless guidanee, my natural desire to talk never went away, and that is what makes my name -

34、 Mo Yan, or “ don' t speak”- an ironicexpressi on of self-mockery.我小学未毕业即辍学，因为年幼体弱，干不了重活，只好到荒草滩上去放牧牛羊。当我牵着牛羊从学校门前路过， 看到昔日的同学在校园里打打闹闹，我心中充满悲凉，深深地体会到一个人，哪怕是一个孩子，离开群体后的痛苦。After dropping out of elementary school, I was too small for heavy labor, so I became a cattle- and sheep-herder on a n earby gr

35、assy riverba nk. The sight of my former schoolmates play ingin the schoolyard whe n I drove my ani mals past thegate alwayssaddened me and made me aware of how tough it is for anyone- even a child - toleave the group.到了荒滩上，我把牛羊放开，让它们自己吃草。蓝天如海，草地一望无际，周围看不到一个 人影，没有人的声音，只有鸟儿在天上鸣叫。我感到很孤独，很寂寞，心里空空荡荡。有时 候

36、，我躺在草地上，望着天上懒洋洋地飘动着的白云，脑海里便浮现出许多莫名其妙的幻象。我们那地方流传着许多狐狸变成美女的故事，我幻想着能有一个狐狸变成美女与我来作伴放牛，但她始终没有出现。但有一次，一只火红色的狐狸从我面前的草丛中跳出来时，我被吓得一屁股蹲在地上。狐狸跑没了踪影，我还在那里颤抖。有时候我会蹲在牛的身旁，看着湛蓝的牛眼和牛眼中的我的倒影。有时候我会模仿着鸟儿的叫声试图与天上的鸟儿对话，有时候我会对一棵树诉说心声。但鸟儿不理我，树也不理我。许多年后，当我成为一个小说家， 当年的许多幻想，都被我写进了小说。很多人夸我想象力丰富，有一些文学爱好者，希望我 能告诉他们培养想象力的秘诀，对此，我

37、只能报以苦笑。I tur ned the ani mals loose on the riverba nk to graze ben eath a sky as blue as theocea n and grass-carpeted land as far as the eye could see- not ano ther pers on insight, no huma n soun ds, nothing but bird calls above me. I was all by myself andterribly Ionely; myheart felt empty. Someti

38、mes I lay in the grass and watched clouds float lazily by, which gave rise to all sorts of fan ciful images. That part of thecountry is known for its tales of foxes in the form of beautiful young wome n, andI would fan tasize a fox-tur ned-beautiful girl coming to tend ani mals with me. Shen ever di

39、d come. On ce, however, a fiery red fox boun ded out of the brush in frontof me, scaring my legs right out from under me. I was still sittingthere tremblinglong after the fox had vanished. Sometimes I ' d crouch down beside the cows and gaze into their deep blue eyes, eyes that captured my refle

40、ction. At times I' d have adialogue with birds in the sky, mimicking their cries, while at other times I' ddivulge my hopes and desires to a tree. But the birds ignored me, and so did the trees. Years later, after I' d become a novelist, I wrote some of those fantasies into mynovels and

41、stories. People frequently bombard mewith compliments on my vivid imagination, and lovers of literature often ask meto divulge my secret to developing a rich imagi nati on. My on ly resp onse is a wan smile.就像中国的先贤老子所说的那样：“福兮祸之所伏，福祸福所倚”,我童年辍学，饱受饥饿、孤独、无书可读之苦，但我因此也像我们的前辈作家沈从文那样，及早地开始阅读社会人生这本大书。前面所提到的到

42、集市上去听说数人说书，仅仅是这本大书中的一页。Our Taoist master Laozi said it best:“ Fort une depe nds on misfort une.Misfortuneis hidden in fortune.” I left school as a child, often went hungry, wasconstantlyIonely,and had no books to read. But for those reasons, like the writerof a previous gen erati on, Shen Con gwe n,

43、 I had an early start on readi ng the great book of life. My experie nee of going to the marketplace to liste n to a storyteller was but one page of that book.辍学之后，我混迹于成人之中， 开始了 “用耳朵阅读”的漫长生涯。二百多年前，我的故乡曾出了一个讲故事的伟大天才 一一蒲松龄，我们村里的许多人，包括我，都是他的传人。我 在集体劳动的田间地头，在生产队的牛棚马厩，在我爷爷奶奶的热炕头上，甚至在摇摇晃晃地进行着的牛车社，聆听了许许多多神

44、鬼故事，历史传奇，逸闻趣事，这些故事都与当地的自然环境，家庭历史紧密联系在一起，使我产生了强烈的现实感。After leavi ng school, I was throw n un comfortably into the world of adults, whereI embarked on the long journey of learning through listening. Two hundred years ago,one of the great storytellers of all time Pu Songling lived near where I grewon t

45、he traditionhe had perfected.up, and where many people, me included, carriedWherever I happe ned to be-working the fieldswith the collective,in product ionteam cowsheds or stables,on mygra ndpare ntsheated kang, even on oxcarts bouncingand swaying down the road, myears filledwith tales of the super

46、natural,historicalall tied to the naturalenvironmentromances, and strange and captivatingstories,and cla n histories, and all of which created a powerful reality in my mind.我做梦也想不到有朝一日这些东西会成为我的写作素材，我当时只是一个迷恋故事的孩子，醉心地聆听着人们的讲述。那时我是一个绝对的有神论者，我相信万物都有灵性，我见到一棵大树会肃然起敬。我看到一只鸟会感到它随时会变化成人，我遇到一个陌生人，也会怀疑他是一个动物变

47、化而成。每当夜晚我从生产队的记工房回家时，无边的恐惧便包围了我，为了壮胆，我一边奔跑一边大声歌唱。 那时我正处在变声期， 嗓音嘶哑，声调难听，我的歌唱， 是对我的乡亲们的一种折磨。Even in my wildest dreams, I could not have en visi oned a day whe n all this wouldbe the stuff of my own fiction, for I was just a boy who loved stories, who wasin fatuated with the tales people around me were

48、 telli ng. Back the n I was, withouta doubt, a theist, believing that all living creatures were endowed with souls. I ' d stop and pay my respects to a towering old tree; if I saw a bird, I was sure it could become huma n any time it wan ted; and I suspected every stra nger I met of being atran

49、sformed beast. At ni ght, terrible fears accompa nied me on my way home aftermywork points were tallied, so I' d sing at the top of my lungs as I ran to build upa bit of courage. Myvoice, which was changing at the time, produced scratchy, squeaky songs that grated on the ears of any villager who

50、 heard me.我在故乡生活了二十一年，期间离家最远的是乘火车去了一次青岛，还差点迷失在木材厂的巨大木材之间，以至于我母亲问我去青岛看到了什么风景时，我沮丧地告诉她：什么都没看到，只看到了一堆堆的木头。但也就是这次青岛之行，使我产生了想离开故乡到外边去看世界的强烈愿望。I spent my first twenty-one years in that village, never travelingfarther from homethan to Qin gdao, by train, where I n early got lost amid the gia nt stacks of w

51、oodin a lumber mill. Whenmy mother asked mewhat I ' d seen in Qingdao, I reported sadly that all I ' d seen were stacks of lumber. But that trip to Qingdao planted in me a powerful desire to leave my village and see the world.1976年2月，我应征入伍，背着我母亲卖掉结婚时的首饰帮我购买的四本中国通史简编，走出了高密东北乡这个既让我爱又让我恨的地方，开始了

52、我人生的重要时期。我必须承认， 如果没有30多年来中国社会的巨大发展与进步，如果没有改革开放，也不会有我这样一个 作家。In February 1976 I was recruited into the army and walked out of the Northeast GaomiTown ship village I both loved and hated, en teri ng a critical phase of my life,carrying in my backpack the four-volume Brief History of China my mother ha

53、d bought by selli ng her weddi ng jewelry. Thus bega n the most importa nt period of my life.I must admit that were it not for the thirty-odd years of treme ndous developme ntand progress in Chinese society, and the subsequent nationalreform and opening ofher doors to the outside, I would not be a w

54、riter today.在军营的枯燥生活中，我迎来了八十年代的思想解放和文学热潮，我从一个用耳朵聆听故事，用嘴巴讲述故事的孩子，开始尝试用笔来讲述故事。起初的道路并不平坦，我那时并没有意识到我二十多年的农村生活经验是文学的富矿，那时我以为文学就是写好人好事，就是写英雄模范，所以，尽管也发表了几篇作品，但文学价值很低。In the midst of mind-numbing military life, I welcomed the ideological emancipation and literary fervor of the nin etee n-eighties, and evolv

55、ed from a boy who liste ned to stories and passed them on by word of mouth into some one who experime nted with writing them down. It was a rocky road at first, a time when I had not yet discovered how rich a source of literary material my two decades of village life could be. I thought that literat

56、ure was all about good people doing good thin gs, stories of heroic deeds and model citizens, so that the few pieces of mine that were published had little literary value.1984年秋，我考入解放军艺术学院文学系。在我的恩师著名作家徐怀中的启发指导下，我写出了秋水、枯河、透明的红萝卜、红高粱等一批中短篇小说。在秋水这篇小 说里，第一次出现了 “高密东北乡”这个字眼，从此，就如同一个四处游荡的农民有了一片 土地，我这样一个文学的

57、流浪汉，终于有了一个可以安身立命的场所。我必须承认，在创建我的文学领地“高密东北乡”的过程中，美国的威廉福克纳和哥伦比亚的加西亚马尔克斯给了我重要启发。我对他们的阅读并不认真，但他们开天辟地的豪迈精神激励了我，使我明白了一个作家必须要有一块属于自己的地方。一个人在日常生活中应该谦卑退让，但在文学创作中，必须颐指气使，独断专行。我追随在这两位大师身后两年，即意识到，必须尽快 地逃离他们，我在一篇文章中写道：他们是两座灼热的火炉，而我是冰块，如果离他们太近，会被他们蒸发掉。根据我的体会，一个作家之所以会受到某一位作家的影响，其根本是因为影响者和被影响者灵魂深处的相似之处。正所谓“心有灵犀一点通”。

58、所以，尽管我没有很好地去读他们的书，但只读过几页，我就明白了他们干了什么，也明白了他们是怎样干的， 随即我也就明白了我该干什么和我该怎样干。In the fall of 1984 I was accepted into the Literature Departme nt of the PLA ArtAcademy, where, un der the guida nee of my revered men tor, the renowned writer Xu Huaizhong, I wrote a series of stories and novellas, including:“ Autumn Floods, ”“ Dry River, ”“ The Tran spare nt Carrot,” and “ Red Sorghum. ” Northeast GaomiTown ship made its first appeara nee in“ Autu mn Floods, ” and from that m