延续性动词和短暂性动词笔记

1、持续动词与瞬间动词英语的行为动词有持续性动词和瞬间性动词之 分，使用中应注意两者的区别。持续性动词表示一个动作可持续一段时间，此类 动词有 do, live, have, keep, wear, sleep, wait, work, play, stay, know, sing, dance, write, study, rest, talk, walk 等.瞬时性动词表示不能持续的动作，这种动作发生 后立即结束,此类动词有open, close, finish, begin, come, go, arrive, reach, leave, move, borrow, buy, die, le

2、nd, join, catch, get, win, fail 等一、持续性动词表示一个动作可以持续一段时间或更长时间。常 见的有 study, play, do, read, learn, drive, write, clean, slean, sleep, speak, talk, wait, fly, stay, write, sit, stand, lie, keep 等。 二、瞬间性动词表示一个动作发生在一瞬间，非常短暂。亦称终止性动词。常见的有begin, start, finish, go, come, leave, find, get up, arrive, reach, ge

3、t to, enter, hear, stop, open, close, become, buy, borrow, lend, happen, join, lose, renew, die, take away, put up, set out, put on, get on/off 等。以上已集中了初中教材的大部分持续性动词及瞬 间性动词。三、用法1、持续性动词在完成时中能与表示持续一段时间 的状语连用，而瞬间性动词则不能。例如：His parents talked with the teacher for half an hour.（他的父母跟老师谈了半个小时。）My mother ha

4、s lain in bed for 3 days.（我母 亲生病卧床已经三天了。）My parents have lived in Shanghai since 1950.（我父母亲从1950年起就住在上海了。）2、瞬间性动词在完成时中如要与表示持续一段时 间的状语连用，通常的方法：（1）用意思相当的持续性动词来替换，例如: He has been in the army/a soldier for htree years.（他参军已有3年了。）不能用has joinedShe has been up for quite some time.（她起 床已有好久了。）不能用has got upH

5、as your brother been away from home for a long time （你哥哥离家已有好久了吗）不能用has left 初中课本中的常用瞬间动词相应持续性动词关系 如下：1、gobe away3 come backbe back(be not here)2、comebe here4、leavebe away6、borrowkeep7、9、diebe deadfinishbe over8、beginbe on10、openbeopen11、 closebe closedlost13、get to knowknow12、losebe14、turn onbeon15

6、、get upbe upsit/be seated16、 sit down17、 joinbe in () 或 be amember a)用延续性动词代替终止性动词5、buyhave1、用have代替buyMy brother has had(不能用 has bought) this bike for almost four years.2、用 keep 或 have 代替 borrowI have kept (不能用 have borrowed) the book for quite a few days.3、用 be 替代 becomeHow long has your sister be

7、en a teacher4、用 have a cold 代替 catch a coldTom has had a cold since the day before yesterday.5、用 wear 代替 put onb)用“be +形容词”代终止性动词1 be+married 代 marry 2、be + ill 代 fall (get) ill3、be + dead 代 die 4、be + asleep 代 fall (get) asleep5、be + awake 代 wake/wake up 6、be + gone 代 lose,die,sell,leave7、be + open

8、 代 open 8、be closed 代 close/shut 9、be+missing(gone, lost)代 lose延续性动词表示能够延续的动作，这种动作 可以延续下去或产生持久影响。如：learn, work, stand, lie, know, walk, keep, have, wait, watch, sing, read, sleep, live, stay 等。终止性动词也称非延续性动词、瞬间动词或短 暂性动词，表示不能延续的动作，这种动作发 生后立即结束。如open, close, finish,begin, come, go, arrive, reach, get t

9、o, 1eave, move, borrow,buy 等。Come-be here Go - be there leave-be away, borrowkeep, buyhave, begin/start-be on, diebe dead, move tof live in,finish-be over, died.He joined the Party 2 years ago.He has been in the Party for 2 years.I bought the book 5 days ago.I have had the book for 5 days.补充练习：LWhen

10、 he arrived at the busstop, the bus for 20 minutes.A. has left B. had left C. has been awayD. had been away2. I the League for 5 years so far.A. joined B. have joined C. have been in3. The factory sincethe February of 1988.A has been open B. has opened C. was open D. opened4. Mary and Rosefriends si

11、nce they met in 2000. A. have made B. have been C. made D. have becomemustnr t until he comes back.A. be away B. leave C. be left meeting for a week now.A. has finished B. has ended C. has been overGao this school for nearly 5 years.A. has been in B. has come to C. has taught a teacher for 4 years .

12、A. has been B. has become C. was D. became9. I home for a week.A. have returned B. have been back C. returned10. How long he A. died B. has, died C. has, been dead11. How long can I thebookTwo weeks.A. borrowB. lendC.get D. keepthe carfor a week.A. bought had long weeks.B. has bought you illC. hasTwoA. did fall B. have, fell C. have, been2000, he his hometown.A. has left B. has moved away C.has been away from11 lend you the book , but you can only it for 2 days.A. borrow B. keep C. takebuson the road for 2 hours sofar.A. has stopped B. stopped C. has been you the