2021届新高考英语语法精讲之动词易错点

1、2021新高考英语语法精讲动词易错点1 .易混淆的to do和doing观察近几年高考的语法填空和短文改错两大题型可知，现今考查非谓语，多半从固定用法角 度出发。小编今天就对中学阶段常见的后接to do和doing的动词进行梳理分类，以期对广大考生 有所帮助。一、只跟不定式作宾语的动词/短语afford to do付得起（钱）/花得起（时间）做某事agree to do同意做某事appear/seem to do 好像.apply to do申请/报名做某事arrange to do安排/筹划做某事ask to do要求做某事beg to do超求/乞求做某事choose to do选择做某事

2、decide to do决定做某事demand to do要求做某事determine to do决心做某事expect to do期盼做某事fail to do未能做某事fear to do害怕做某事happen to do碰巧做某事help （to） do帮助做某事hope to do希望做某事learn to do学习做某事long to do渴望做某事manage to do设法做成了某事offer to do主动提出做某事plan to do计划做某事prepare to do准备做某事pretend to do假装做某事promise to do承诺做某事refuse to do拒

3、绝做某事want to do想要做某事wish to do希望做某事would like to do想要做某事make a decision to do 决定做某事make up one* s mind to do下定决心做某事 would prefer to do宁愿做某事do/try one? s best to do尽最大努力做某事 make an attempt to do企图/妄图做某事 make an effort to do 努力做某事spare no effort to do不遗余力地做某事 go all out to do竭尽全力做某事二、只跟动名词作宾语的动词/短语 ack

4、nowledge doing承认做过某事admit doing承认做过某事advise doing建议做某事allow doing允许做某事appreciate doing乐意/感激做某事avoid doing避免做某事bear doing忍受做某事consider doing考虑做某事delay doing延迟做某事deny doing否认做过某事dislike doing憎恨做某事enjoy doing享受做某事escape doing逃避做某事fancy doing想要做某事finish doing完成某事forbid doing禁止做某事forgive doing原谅某事imagine

5、 doing想象做某事keep doing保持/持续做某事mention doing提及做某事mind doing介意做某事miss doing错过做某事pardon doing原谅做某事permit doing允许做某事practise doing训练做某事quit doing停止做某事risk doing冒险做某事suggest doing建议做某事understand doing理解做某事can' t stand doing不能忍受做某事give up doing放弃做某事feel like doing想要做某事insist on doing坚持做某事keep on doing继

6、续做某事put off doing推迟做某事三、后接tod。与后接doing意义区别不大的动词love to do/love doing 喜爱做某事like to do/like doing 喜欢做某事begin to do/begin doing 开始做某事start to do/start doing 开始做某事hate to do/hate doing不喜欢做某事prefer to do/prefer doing 偏爱做某事四、后接doing相当于接to be done的动词need doing =need to be done 需要被want doing=want to be done

7、 需要被 require doing=require to be done 需要被五、后接to do与后接doing意义不同的动词go on to do继续做另一件事go on doing继续做某件事stop to do停止（原来的事）去做另一件事Stop doing停止做某事remember to do记得要做某事（尚未做）re me mber d oi n g记得曾做过某事（曾做过）forget to do忘记要做某事（未做）forget doing忘记曾做过的事（曾做过）regret to do（如 to say/to tell）很遗憾地做某事regret doing后悔曾做过某事try

8、 to do努力做某事try doing尝试着做某事mean to do打算/有意做某事mean doing意味着做某事can' t help （to） do不能帮忙做某事can* t help doing禁不住做某事2 .过去分词加介词搭配一、“be+过去分词+介词”的三种运用规律（以be exposed t。为例）1 .做主语时整体保留，变be为being。Being exposed 2 drugs is harmful to our health.2 .做谓语时，正常使用。In summer, we are exposed to strong sunshine.3 .做状语时，去

9、be就是答案。Exposed to drugs, the singer looks terrible.二、中学阶段常见的“be+过去分词+介词”结构汇编be devoted to专心致志于：奉献于be impressed with/by 对印象深刻be accustomed/adjusted to 习惯于be equipped with装备着：配备着be lost in迷失于；沉浸于be buried in 埋头于be absorbed in全神贯注于be occupied with 忙于be engaged in全身投入于be based on基于:在基础上be involved in/wi

10、th 参与:牵涉到be exposed to暴露于：接触be connected/linked/related to 与.有联系be associated with 与有联系be made of由制成be trapped/stuck/caught in 陷于之中be seated at/in/on 坐在be dressed in 穿着be set in背景设置在be aimed at 旨在be covered with 覆盖着be addicted to对上瘾be filled with充满着be crowded with 挤满着be known for因而闻名be tired with/of

11、对身体累/心理累be interested in对.感兴趣be pleased with 对满意be concerned/worried with 对担忧be satisfied with 对满意be fed up with对.厌恶be faced with而临着be located/situated in/on 位于/坐落于be armed with武装着：配备着be adapted to适应：习惯于be decorated with 装饰着be compared with/to 与相比be prepared for为做好准备be burdened with肩负着：负担着be furnish

12、ed with 配备着be intended/designed for专为而设计：专为提供be regarded/treated as被认为;被当作3 ,及物不及物一体动词1) answer a question 回答answer for yout behaviour 对.承担责任2) approve a bill 批准approve of a plan 赞成3) ask Tom 问/请ask for money 索要4) attend a meeting 参力口attend school/church 上/参加attend to his work 专心于attend to a patient

13、 照顾/护理5) benefit sb.对有益benefit from sports 得益于6)build friendship/a house 建立/建设 build up confidence/my body/hope 增强自信/体质/希望7) consist a team 组成/构成consist of 4 doctors and 3 nurses由组成/构成8) conlributD money 贡献/捐赠 contribute to our failure/health导致/有助于9) decide the outcome 决定了结果 decide on a date/item 选定

14、10) do harm to our health 对.有害be harmful to our health 对有害hann our health 对有害11) feed Tom/a pet 口艮食 feed on rice以为主食12) find a pen 找至ijfind out the schedule 搞清楚，弄明白13) a stone hit me 击中a good idea hh me使(某人)想起I hit on/upon a good idea 突然想起14) hear Tom/an English song 听见,听到hear of Tom/the news 听说hear

15、 from sb.收到某人来信/得知某人音信15) hold a party 举行hold out his hand 伸出hold up the roof 支撑(重量)16) join us/a club 加入(人/组织)join in a basketball match 加入(活动)17) lead sb./the way 带领lead to an accident 导致18) learn English 学习learn about/of her arrival 获悉，得知learn from sb.向学习learn from the mistake从中吸取教训19) leave Hefe

16、i 离开leave for Hefei离开某地赴20) live a rich life 过着生活live on fishing 以为生live in Hefei在(某地)居住21) operate a machine 操作operate on a patient 给动手术22) money/200 yuan 付(钱)pay for a meal为某物/事付钱23) pick an apple 采摘pick up捡起，顺道购买/染上/偶学/有起色/接收信号24) reach Hefei 到达reach to the foot of the hill 延伸到reach for his gun 伸

17、手去拿25) read a story 阅读read about/of sb./sth.阅读关于26) rctum money 归还(某物)retuni to Hefei 回至ij（某地）27) search a box 搜（某处）search for a gun搜寻（某目标物）28) show sb. sth.show sth. to sb.给某人看show up出席，出现，出场29) speak English 说speak to Mary与（某人）说话 speak ebout/of the inatter/sb. 谈及，提到30) see sb./sth.看见see to sth,打理/

18、注意某事31) suffer loss/pain 遭遇（结果） suffer from earthquake/cancer 遭受（源头）32) lake携带.拿.服（药）.（吸）热 take over 接管33) visit Nanjing 参观/拜访pay a visit to Nanjing 参观/拜访34) watch a film 观看 watch over the house 看护，监督4.系动词为什么要了解系动词？系动词，又名连系动词（link verb）,顾名思义，它在句中起“连接作用”-前面连接主语、后面 连接表语，形成“主-系-表”结构。因此，不了解系动词，英语学习者就无从知

19、道什么叫表语/表 语从句，进而对英语语言的基本架构都搞不清楚。系动词有哪些？1）第一系动词-译作“是”的be动词 其变体形式包括：am/is/are/was/were/has been/have been/had been例如：I am a student.（名词做表语）Yao Ming is皿.（形容词做表语）2）译作“变得”的动词其包括：get-get old（变老）turn-turn green（变绿）go-go bad（变坏）fall-fall ill/asleep（生病了/睡着了） become-become difficult（变难 了） grow-grow bored（变腻了）c

20、ome-come true（成真）run-run dry（变干）3）译作“起来”的感官动词look-看起来She looks pale.sound-听起来The background music sounds beautiful, taste-尝起来The food here tastes yummy.smell-闻起来Your sneakers smell terrible.feel-摸起来;感觉The ball feels smooth.The water feels warm.4）译作“保持”的动词keep-keep silent（保持沉默）stay-stay calm（保持冷静） re

21、main-remain still（保持不动） 5）译作“好像、貌似”的动词seem-好像You seem happy.appear-显得：看起来She appeared surprised at the news.6）译作“结果、结果竟然”的动词9其包括：provejurn outHis theory proved to be true.The experiment turned out successful.系动词怎么考？1)系动词本身无被动态The song is sounded soft.( X)The song sounds soft.( V)2)系动词后面跟形容词做表语，而不是副词

22、The song sounds softly.(X)The song sounds soft.( J)3)系动词后面跟的从句叫表语从句The fact is that we have lost (he game.The point is who should be responsible for he accident.5 .主谓一致01谓语动词要与主语的人称和数保持一致I am 18, and she is 17.There is a desk in the room. There are no chairs in it.02两个不同的人或事物，由and连接做主语，谓语用复数。Jim and

23、 Jack are here now.A pen and an exercise book are ready now.03两个本质上是一个人或一套设备的人或物由and连接做主语，谓语用单数。The poet and teacher is visiting our school next Monday.A knife and fork is needed.104第一类集体名称cattle.police,peoplejnajorityxrew,staff等做主语，谓语只用复数0The police are searching for the thief.05第二类集体名词family,group

24、,army,class,government,committeejeam 等做主语时,若强调一个整体,用单数;若强 调各个成员，用复数。、Our class is on the third floor.Our class are watching a baseball game on TV.06不定代词如 anyone,something,nobody,each.every.the other 等做主语时，谓语用单数。Nobody is allowed to smoke here.07 more than one+名词或no+名词，谓语用单数。More than one student is

25、interested in the novel.No student shows interest in the play.08平衡结构each a/every a/many a/no+名词单数+each a/every a/many a/no+名词单数做主语，谓语 用单数。Many a boy and many a girl has read the story.09两个名词/代词由oneither.or,neither.norjiot only.but also连接做主语,谓语单复数以靠近法确定。Not only his family but also he likes the movie.Not only he but also his family like the movie.10 两个名词或多个名词做主语，由 with,together with,along with,as well asJike,unlike,notjio less than.rather than,more than,Jncluding,besides,but（除了），excep