外研版高中英语必修4短语

1、外延版必修四短语Module 11. have no alternative but (=have no choice but)除外别无选择；只要2. alternative energy 可代替能源3. an alternative plan 替代方案4. loadwith sth. 给 装某物load the truck with coal 给汽车装上煤5. be on fire着火 （强调状态）6. catch fire失火 （强调动作,无被动语态）7. set fire to sth 放火烧某物8. command sb to do sth 命令某人做某事9. command that

2、(that从句中要用should+动词原免费,不花钱负责，管理由负责, 负责照顾充满把某物固定/附在某物上形 , should 可省略 )10. free of charge11. in charge of12. in the charge of13. take charge of14. be charged with15. attach sth to sth16. attach oneself to17. be attached to 参加;和在一起，缠着 连在上；附属于.；系在上18. attach importance/value to sth. 认为某事很重要/有价值19. for s

3、ure 肯定地,有把握地20. sb. is sure to do sth 某人一定/肯定做某事21. be sure + that-clause确信，相信22. make sure of /about sth 确保23. make sure + that-clause 确保24. sb. run out of sth 某人用完了某东西25. sth. run out 某物用完了（没有了）26. rely on/upon 依靠 ,信赖;取决于27. rely on it that 指望,.,对不怀疑28. get rid of =rid of 摆脱，丢掉滁去，赶走，消灭29. with + 复

4、合宾语结构,常用的结构形式有: with+ 宾语+现在分词（强调宾语是现在分词动作的发出者或某状态、动作正在进行） with+ 宾语+过去分词（强调宾语是过去分词动作的承受者或动作已经发生） with+ 宾语 +形容词（强调宾语的特性和状态） with+ 宾语+副词 with+ 宾语+不定式（不定式动作尚未发生） with+ 宾语+介词短语30. place an order 订购31. carry out an operation 做手术32. be optimistic about 对乐观的33. be optimistic that对.乐观34. in shape 处于良好状态,在形状上

5、35. in the shape of 以.形状;呈形36. out of shape 变形,走样37. look out of 向夕卜看38. look out！ 小心，当心Watch out! ;Be careful!Take care!39. for a start 首先40. to start with = to begin with 首先 , 第一41. from the start = from the beginning 从开头 , 从开始42. on the way out 即将被淘汰; 即将过时43. on the way n./pron./to doing 即将,来到,接近

6、44. can' t too nevertoo不可能太.” )再怎么.也不过分”45. Not all =Allnot并非所有的Module 21. be on display 展览be on show允许某人做某事允许做某事 为某人提供某物be on exhibition2. permit sb to do sth3. permit doing sth4. provide sb with sth provide sth for sb5. sth impress sb 某物给某人留下影响sb be impressed byimpress sth on sb = impress sb w

7、ith sth 使某人铭 记6. sth is impressed on one ' s iWnd被ER在月齿海里7. have/leave/make/ a impression on sb 给某人留下的印象8. be convenient to sb 对某人方便9. It is convenient for sb 对某人方便10. It is convenient to do sth 做某事方便11. be convenient for sth 对某事方便12. get around=get about 到处旅游;四处走动13. be connected to/with与,.相连，接

8、通14. be stuck in 困住 ,动不了15. get dressed 穿衣get washed 洗脸get lost 迷路get married 结婚get charged 充电get separated 被分散16. in no time 马上,一会儿17. on time按时in time 及时18. once upon a time 从前19. at the same time 与此同时at one time 曾经 , 一度 ,从前有个时期at no time 决不,在任何时候都不20. be worth doing 值得做.be worth + n. = be worthy

9、of + nsth. is worth doing = sth is worthy of being done= sth is worthy to be done21. “祈使句 + and +简单句 ”可以改为if 条件句Think hard, and youll have a你就会有主意。22. “祈使句 + or +简单句 ”也可以改为if 条件句Listen to me, or you won t under stand.23. under construction 正在建设之中24. be limited to 局限于 .25. in rush hours 处于交通高峰期26. re

10、act to 对产生反应react with sth. 与某物起（化学）反应27. occur to sb （主意或想法突然）浮现与脑中28.被想起 ,被想到It occurs to sb to do sth 某人想到It occurs to sb that29.30.31.have sth done keep cool keep quiet keep still keep silent no way请别人做某事保持冷静保持安静不动保持沉默肯定不 , 没门儿（用于句首时，句子要倒装）Module 31. vary in 在方面不同2. vary from to 从 .到变化3. vary wi

11、th随着.而变化，因.而不同4. involve sb in 允许某人参与5. involve oneself in积极参与6. be/get involved in 被卷入到 .之中7. more than不仅仅more than 100 = over 100 , 超过 100more than surprised 十分/非常吃惊more than与其说 不如说 （强调前者）He was more an artist than a writer.8. on guard（保持）警惕;值班,站岗9. on holiday 度假on leave休班on duty值班10. hold up举起,抬起

12、,承受住,支撑11. hold back 阻挡hold on 等会儿 , 坚持hold down 限制hold out 维持12. give away 泄露,出卖,暴露,让步,赠送,捐赠13. give off 发出 （烟、光、热、气味等）14. give out 发出;放出（消息、 声音等 ）;用完,耗尽15. mind reader能看透别人心思的人16. make a deal达成协议,做成交易17. communicate with sb 和某人交流18. be busy with sth 忙于某事19. shake hands with sb 和某人握手20. stare at sb

13、/sth 注视着某人/某物21. stare into the distance 凝视着远方22. request sb to do sth 要求某人做某事23. request that sb (should) do 要求某人做某事24. make a request for 要求 .25. at the request of sb 应某人的请求= at sb s request26. by request(of) 按要求27. do sb a favour 帮某人一个忙28. ask sb a favour 请某人帮个忙29. in favour of 赞成30. do sb a favo

14、r = do a favor for sb 帮某人的忙31. lift up 举起;太高;吊起32. up and down 上上下下 up and down 前前后后= back and forth= backwards and forwards up and down处处= here and there up and down来来往往= to and from33. by accident 偶然地,无意地Module 41. experiment with sth.用某物实验2. experiment on sth. 对某物进行实验3. carry outperformconduct an

15、 experiment 做实验do make4. make a breakthrough取得重大突破（进展）5. convert A into/to B 把 A 转换成 B6. take the place of = replace 取代，代替7. in place of取代，代替（介词短语）8. instead of 代替，而不是（介词短语）9. a quantity of +不可数名词，谓语动词用单数10. quantities of+可数名词复数，谓语动词用复数 quantities of+不可数名词，谓语动词用复数11. bring up抚育;教养，呕吐，提出（话题等）12. brin

16、g down 降低bring about 导致，弓I起bring back归还;恢复；回想bring in赚（钱）;带进;传入6.search for 寻找 search sb/sp in search ofas a result ofas a result搜查某人或某地寻求/寻找 由于.的结果 因此，结果g to to由于17. owir thanks due to18.because of the key to的关键the answer to the question notes to the text an end to the meetingthe entrance

17、 to the building export sth tothe second most important be interested in graduate from escape from (out of)+sp.2.23.escape from reality24. have a narrow escape25. a fire escape问题的答案课文注释会议的结束大厦的入口出口某物到第二重要的对感兴趣从.（地方）毕业从某地逃脱；逃走逃避现实九死一生 紧急出口 ；安全门power26. clear up27. be known forbe known anbe

18、known to28. earn ones living= make a living get/gain a living比较： live/lead a29. come to power30. take power in power out of one s（天气）放晴;整理 ;收拾因.而出名/闻名以而知名，著称为所知谋生谋生life 过着.的生活掌权 ;执政取得政权当权 ,执政不能胜任,力所不及可能一定ll succeed. = ?可能.= beyond one s power31. It is possible that32. It s certain that.=sb/sth is ce

19、rtain to doIt s certain that you33. It ' s likely that =sb/sth is likely to doIt s likely that he is doing his homework. = ？34.It seems that好像=sb/sth seems to doIt seems that he knows the secret.35. at war36. be diagnosed with37. become the voice of38. partly because of Module 51. surround sb wi

20、th sb be surrounded by sb围in the surrounding2. a narrow escape3. in the distance from a distance处at a distance=?在交战中被诊断出，患有一 成为的代言人 一部分因为用某人包围某人被某人所包在周围环境九死一生在远处 ,在远方从一定距离,从远在一定距离处,隔一段距离keep sb at a distance对某人冷淡;与某人保持距离4. at the edge of 在的边缘（侧重于在边缘点上）on the edge of在边缘上（侧重在边缘5. at least = at the lea

21、st6. not in the least = not all7. at most = at the most8. be heavy with9. make a detour10. have four weeks off11. go through12. forbid sb to do sth13. forbid doing sth14. require to do sth15. require sb to do sth16.17.广阔的地域）至少一点也不至多有大量的绕道而行休四周假穿过;经历禁止某人做某事禁止做某事要求去做某事要求某人去做某事require that sb (should)

22、do sth 要求某人做某事sth require doing某物需要被做= sth require to be done18. on a spot19. rip off20. rip sth off21. get a kick out of22. enjoy doing在现场,当场敲竹杠;敲诈偷窃 ,盗取从中得到乐趣喜欢干,.23. be fond of24. go in for喜欢,从事1. attack sb with sth2. be attacked with a disease3. make an attack on/upon4. a heart attack5. come int

23、o existence6. a struggle for existence7. calm down8. sb. is unlikely to 9. It is unlikely that be likely to.10. be related to11. relate sth to sth12. There happens to be13. There appears to be14. There seemsto be Module 6用某物攻击某人患 /害病对发动攻击心脏病突发;形成;成立生存竞争（使 ）安静下来某人不可能 不可能可能与有关，与有联系把.与联系起来碰巧有似乎有好像有15.

24、have the fortune (luck) to do sth幸好(幸运)做某事16. make a fortune发财17. try one s fortune18. die out失灭19. throw light on20. come to light21. bring to light碰碰运气（家族、物种）灭绝;灭亡;（ 习俗等 ） 渐渐消（火 ）逐 渐 熄帮助弄清楚;阐明某事暴露 ,被发现 ,表现出来让人知道,公布于世22. come straight to the point 谈正题;开门见山23. beside/off the point24. to the point25.

25、 be on the point of26. go for27. adapt oneself to28. according to29. be connected with不切正题,无关紧要切题 ,中肯正要适用于 ,应用于 ;喜欢 ,偏爱使自己适应于根据与.有关系为了30. in order to = so as to本模块重点语法情态动词+ have + p.p. 用法归纳1.must have done sth. 事肯定做了某（ 表示对过去的某事做出肯定的判断）He knew the film. He must have seen it.2. may/might have done 可能/

26、大概已经做了某事（表示对过去情况的可能性推测）Tom may have bought a new pen because I don see the old one.3. can tc/ouldn hat ve done sth. 不可能已经做 了某事（表示对过去情况的否定性推测）The ground is dry, so it can htave rained last night.4. should have done sth. 过去应该做某事（而 没做）= ought to have done sthYou are late. You should have come 1 minute

27、earlier.5. shouldn ' t have done sth.过去不该做某事（却 做了）= oughtn t to have donthe. sShe is crying. You shouldn t have told her the s news.6. could have done sth. 本来能够做（却没有做某事）7. needn ' t have done sth.来不必做某事（却已经做了）Tom has bought a new pen. You needn t have len him your pen.8. would rather have do

28、ne sth. 本来想做某事（却未做成）I would rather have come to help you with your English, but I was too busy at that time.二、情态动词表推测的其他用法1、 情态动词+ 动词原形表示对现在或将来情况的推测2、 情态动词+ be doing 表示对现在或将来正在进行的情况进行推测3、 情态动词+ have been doing 表示对过去正在发生的事情的推测必修 5 短语Module 1 .1.1 t is obvious (to sb.) that 从句 对某人来说，是显然的2 .confuse A w

29、ith/and B把 A 和 B 相混淆3 .be confused by sth .被.搞糊涂了1.1 n confusion困惑的； 困窘地5 .compare. . .with.和比较6 .compare. . .to把比作7 .comepared to/with和相比(作状语)8 .variety of=varieties of各种各样的9 .differ from sb./sth. 与某人或某物有区别，相异10 .differ in. . .在某方面不同11 .have sth.in common (with sb./sth.) 和某人或某物有相同之处12 .have a lot/m

30、uch/a great deal in common with. . .与有很多共同之处13 .have nothing/little in common with. . .与没有/很少有共同之处1.1 in common with sb./sth.和样15 .make a difference有关系； 有重要性；16 .make some difference to. 对有些关系17 .make much difference to. . . 关系重大；有重大影响对没有关系与相似在方面相似18 .make no difference to. . .19 .be similar to20 .b

31、e similar in21 .have some/much difficulty （ in） doing sth. 做某事有些/很多困难22 .have some/much difficulty with sth.做某事有一些/很多困难23 .with difficulty困（艰）难地24 .lead to sb.doing sth.使得某人做某事25 .lead sb.to do sth.使得某人去做某事26 .announce sth.to sb.向某人宣布某事=announce to sb.sth向某人宣布某 事27 .add. . .to. . .中28 .add to29 .add

32、 up. . .30 .add up to. . .31 .make an announcement32 .at present33 .make an attempt to do sth.34 .make an attempt at doing sth.事35 .at one fsirst attempt试36 .attempt at（ doing） sth. 事37.in favour of 护把加到增加合计；加起来总计发表声明，通知现在； 目前试图做某事试图（尝试）做某第一次尝尝试（做）某同意，支持，拥帮某人一个38 .do sb.a favour忙39 .ask sb.a favour

33、=ask a favour of sb 请求某人帮忙40 .in sb. fsavour有助于某人41 .refer to. . .as.称为42 .refer to参考43 .make (a) reference (s) to提及，论及44 .now (that)+ 句子由于；既然Module 21.to one satisfaction使某人感到满意的是2.offer one s hand伸出手3.offer sb.sth. =offer sth.to sb. 为某人提供某物4.show/have respect for sb.=respect sb. 尊敬某人5.give/send my

34、 respects to sb.请代我向某人问好/致意1.1 n all respects无论从哪方面来看7 .pass by经过； 从旁经过8 .pass away 去世； （时间等）消磨掉，过去9 .pass down把一代传一代；流传10 .pass on传递11 .take. . .for granted认为.理所当然12 .take it/things easy轻松，放松13 .take one s time慢慢来，不着急1.1 in particular尤其， 特别地15 .be particular about/over. 对讲究/挑易 U16 .have an effect o

35、n.对有影响站好位置以备17 .take up18 .when 用作并列连词时，常用下列句型：(1) Sb.was about to do sth.when. . .=Sb.was on the point of doing sth.when. . .某人正要干某事时，这时(2) Sb.was doing sth.when. . .某人正在干某事时，这时(3) Sb.had (just) done sth.when. . .某人刚干完某事时，这时19 .apply (to sb.) for sth.20 .apply sth.to sth.于21 .apply to. . .22 .apply

36、 onesely to. . .于（向某人 ）申请某物把应用适用于致力需要被做24 .require sb.to do sth.事25 .require that. . .(should) do sth.要求某人做某26.in great demand27.meet/satisfy one要求做某事需求很大's demands菜人的需要23 .sth. require doing/to be done作为的回应对做出反应对.不予回答/理解28 .demang to do sth.要求做某事29 .demand that. . .(should) do sth. 要求某人做某事30.in

37、 response to31 .make/give a response to32 .make/give no response toModule 31.on account of为2.on no account决不，在任何条件下都不3 .take sth. into account=take account of sth.把某事考虑在内4 .account for做出解释，提出理由5 . lie-lay-lain-lying平躺； 位于Lay - laid -laid - laying放置； 产卵6 .The boy lying on the ground lied that his coc

38、klaid an egg. 躺在地上的小男孩说他的公鸡下了一只蛋。7 .get into (a) panic态8 .be at/in a panic9 .be curious about10.out of curiosity11.satisfy one csuriosity 心12.have connection with联陷入恐慌状在恐慌中对好奇，感兴趣出于好奇满足某人的好奇与有联系/有关13 .have a direct/close/strong connection with与有直接/密切/牢固的联系14 .have sth./nothing to do with与有关/与无关15 .b

39、e related to关16 .to one asstonishment是17 .to one s surprise18 .to one s excitement19 .to one s disappointment20 .to one s sorrow21 .to one s joy22 .to one s satisfaction23 .warn sb.about/of sth.与有令某人吃惊的令某人吃惊的是令某人激动的是令人失望的是令人难过的是令人高兴的是令人满意的是警告某人某事24 .warn sb. Not to do sth.=warn against doing sth 警告某

40、人不要做某事25 .be determined to do sth.决心做某事26 .force sb.to do sth.=force o doing sth强迫某人做某事27 .force sth.on/upon sb.把 一 强加于某人28 .play a trick on sb. 拿某人开玩笑，捉弄某人29 .make fun of sb.嘲笑某人；取笑某人30 .make up 编造；组成；和解；化妆；弥补一31 .be/feel in the mood for(doing) sth=be/feel in the mood to do sth. 有心情做某事32.1 n

41、a bad/good mood好33.be set in34.set off35.set out to do sth.36.set about doing sth.37.set sth.aside38.set up39. resemble in ,情绪不好/很以为背景出发；引爆，使爆炸开始做某事开始/着手做某事把某物放在一边；省出；建立；设立；创立在方面像隐藏某物不让人发现；对某人隐瞒某事完结结束，终止使结束终于； 最后追溯到，开始装扮；打Module 41 .hide sth.from sb.2 .come to an end3 .put an end to4 .bring. . .to a

42、n end1.1 n the end6 .date back to=date from于7 .dress up扮8 .dress up as. . .9 .dress up in red服10 .dress sb.(oneself)11 .be dress in white 服12 .make. . .with. . .记13 .make. . .on. . .号14 .consist of15 .give up16 .give away17 .give back18 .give in to 向19 .give off20 .give out尽21 .take in留22 .take off2

43、3 .take on装扮成穿上红色的衣给某人穿衣穿着白色衣用在做标在上做记由组成；由构成放弃赠送归还； 恢复健康让步，屈服于发出， 放出 （气体， 气味等）分发（试卷等），筋疲力脱掉（衣服）；飞机（起飞）显现；承担（工作，责任等）收24.take place25.take up发生开始从事；继续，接下去不可能 毫无疑问做某事没有意义利用对某人有利有的优给某人保证/承诺在保修期从退休）从退役履行承诺给某人做手术比有优势在方面占优26 .There is/was no need for sb.to do某人没有必要做27 .There is no possibility that. . .28 .There is no doubt that. . .29 .There is no point in doing sth.Module 51 .retire from从2 .perform one s promise3 .perform an operation on sb.4 .have an advantage over5 .have an advantage in 势6 .take advantage of7 .to sb s advantage8 .have the advantage of势