初中八种时态详解

1、初中八种时态精讲(一)一般现在时的语法讲解：1) .当谓语动词是be动词时，根据主语的人称和数，分别用 am,is,are.肯定句：主+be动词+其它.I am in Nanyang.否定旬：主 +be 动词 +not+其它 一 He is not a teacher.一般疑问句：-Be动词+主语+其它.-Is he a teacher-Yes,主+be. / No,主+be not. -Yes, he is. /No, he isn't.特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+be动词+主语+其它.Where is he from What is your name2) .当谓语动词是实义动词时，分

2、以下两种情况：A.当主语不是单三时(I, you, they, we, A and B,复数)：肯定句：主语+实义动词原形+其它.You like English.否定句:主语+don't+实义动词原形+其它.You don't like English.一般疑问句：-Do +主语+动原形+其它.-Do you like English-Yes,主语+do. /No,主语+don't. -Yes, I do./No, I don't.特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+do+主语+动原形+其它.Where do you live What do they want to d

3、oB.当主语是单三时(he, she, it,某一个人，单数)：肯定句：主语+实义动词单三形式+其它.He likes English.否定句:主语 +doesn't+动词原形 + 其它.He doesn't like English.一般疑问句：-Does +±语+动原+其它-Yes,主语+does. /No 土 语+doesn't.-Does he like English -Yes, he does./No, he doesn't.特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+does+±语+动原形+其它.Where does he live What do

4、es she want to do（3）常见的时间状语 always, usually, often, sometimes,never,seldom（ 频度副词）every week （day, year, month ），once a week, twice , on Sundays（二）一般过去式1、概念：表示过去发生的动作、事件、情况，而现在已结束，也可以表示过去时间里经常性 或习惯性的动作，或主语过去的性格和能力。2、常见的时间状语 yesterday ,yesterday morning/afternoon/evening just now 刚才 in the past 过去 the

5、 day before yesterday 前天 ago 短语： a moment ago, an hour ago, three weeks ago, two months ago, 等 in+时间点：in 2000 , in 1995, in 1880last短语：last week上周/last year去年/last month上个月/last night昨天晚上一、记牢下面的表格：谓 语动 词是 be动 词时肯定句：主语 +was/were+其他。如： She was at home last night. You were born on June 7 th.否定句：主语 +was

6、n't/weren 't+其他。如： She wasn;t at school today. They weren't in Nanyang yesterday.一般疑问句： Was/Were+主语+其他Yes主语+was/were. No,主语 +wasn't/weren 't.如： Were you 12 last year Yes , I was. No , I wasn't.特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词 +was/were+主语+其他 如： Where were you born I was born in June.谓 语动 词是 实义 动词

7、 时肯定句：主语+实义动词的过去式+其他（时间、地点等）。如：He played games yesterday.否定句：主语+实义动词原形+其他如：一般疑问句： +主语+其他 肯定回答：Yes主语+did.否定回答：No,主语+didn't.如：Did you sing a song at the party Yes, I did./ No,I didn t.特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+主语+其他如:What did Sally do last night（三）现在进行式1、概念：表示说话时或现阶段正在进行的动作或存在的状态。2、谓语动词的结构：be （is, am, are） + do

8、ing （动词的现在分词）（be动词要与主语的人称和数保持一致）3、常见的时间状语：now, at the moment, at this time,还有常见的标志词look, listen如： Look! She is singing!Listen! She is listening to the music.4、现在进行时的句式肯定句：主语 +be动词+现在分词+其他 My sister is watching TV now.否定句：主语 +be动词+not+现在分词+其他 My sister isn ' t watching TV now. 一般疑问句：Be +主语+doing+

9、其他 Ye§主语+be/No ,主语+be+notAre you watching TV now Yes, I am. / No, I ' m not.Is she reading books Yes, she is. / No, she isn' t.特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+be+主语+Ving+其他常用现在进行时的肯定陈述句回答。What are you doing now What is he/she doing nowWhat is KangKang doing now What are they doing nowWhat are Wangli and Li

10、mei doing now4、特殊的现在分词有（双写最后一个字母）plan, get, shop, run, begin, put, swim, stop , sit（口诀：他计划在商店里买了东西后放入游泳池中开始跑，然后停下来坐下。）5动词go , come ,leave, fly等可以使用现在进行时，表示按计划将要进行的动作： I' m comin诚将来了。Are you going to Nanyang tomorrow 明天你将去南阳吗（四）语法精讲：过去进行时1概念：表示过去某个时刻或某一段时间正在进行的动作，常和表示过去的时间状语连用。2 时间状语：（1） at 8 o b

11、lock yesterday evening at 12 o clock（2）from.上。：+yesterday短语（等过去式时间状语）He was watching Tv from 7 to 9 last night.（3）at that time 在那时 at this time yesterday , all day 全天（4） yesterday morning/afternoon/evening. The day before yesterday. Last year/month/week/night这类时间状语既可以用于一般过去式，也可以用于过去进行时，要根据上下文情景判定谓语动

12、词的时态， He was reading a novels last night（昨晚他一直在读 ）He read a novel last night,（昨晚他看了一本小说 ）用过去进行时强调动作进行的全过程，用一般过去式单纯说明动作完成的事实3谓语动词的结构：was/were+（现在分词）4过去进行时句子结构(1)肯定句：主语 +was/were +其他。(2)否定句：主语 +was/were+not+其他。(3) 一般疑问句： Was/were+主语+ 其他 Yes主语+was/were No,主语+wasn't/weren 't(4)特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词 +一般疑问句

13、语序What were they playing from 7 to 8 last night5过去进行时常用与 when,while引导的时间壮语从句中We were playing when our teacher came in.(五)语法重点一般将来时1、定义：表示将来某一时刻的动作或状态，或将来某一段时间内经常的动作或状态，常与将来的 时间状语连用。2、表示将来的时间状语(1) tomorrow,tomorrow morning/afternoon/evening ( tomorrow 短语 )(2) next time,next work/weekend,next year/mon

14、th/Sunday (next 短语)(3) in 短语：in two minutes,in an hour 在一小日后，in two days 两天后(4) soon 不久,later,in the future 将来(5) tonight 今晚，this afternoon/evening (还未发生的时间)3、结构形式：(1) be going to+ 动词原型，表示计划、打算将来发生的动作Eg:We are going to do some cleaning tomorrow.He is going to go swimming next week.肯定句：主语+be going to

15、+ 动原型+其他一般疑问句：将 be动词提前：Be+主语+going to+动原型+ 其他Yes, 主语 +be/no.主语 +be+not否定句：主语 +be+not+going to + 动原型+其他Eg:Is Lucy going to go shopping this SundayYes,she is./No,she isn' t.Lucy isn ' t going to go shopping this Sunday（2）will+ 动词原形，表说话人对将来的看法，假设和推测肯定句：主语 +will+ 动原形 + 其它。Eg:He will go swimming

16、next week.否定句： 主语 +won' t+动原形 + 其它。Eg: He won' t go swimming next week.疑问句： Will+ 主语 + 动原形 + 其它。Eg： Will he go swimming next week.（3） Shall+ 动原形（主语只能是第一人称I , we）肯定句：I/We+shall+动原形+其它。否定句：I/We+shall not + 动原形+ 其它。一般疑问句： Shall I/we go shopping tomorrow（六）现在完成时：1概念：过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，或从过去已

17、经开始，持续到现在的动作或状态。时间状语： since,for ,in/during the past few/two years, ever, yet, already, recently, over the years（几年来，这么多年来）,主（现完）+since + 从（一过），just （注意和just now的区别），so far, till now2 基本结构：have/has + done 否定形式： have/has + not +done.3 一般疑问句：have或has+主语+ done .Helen in Nanjing for twenty years 。（七）、过去完成时：概念：以过去某个时间为标准，在此以前发生的动作或行为，或在过去某动作之前完成的行为，即“过去的过去”。时间状语：by the end of last year（term, month ），by+过去的时间，主（过完）+before+从（一过）基本结构：had + done.否定形式：had + not + done.一般疑问句：had放于句首。They in Nanjing by the end of last year.（be）The plane off before/when we got to the airpor