英语音标基础学习及练习(2)

1、英语音标学习认识几个定义：1、 音素 英语语音中最小的发音单位。2、元音 发音时气流在通路上不受发音器官的阻碍。3、辅音 发音时气流在通路上受到发音器官的阻碍。4、音节 说话时最小的语音片段。一个可以为单个元音（如 l/a?/）,或者一个元音加上一个或多个辅音（如 tree /tri:/ ） 。单词可以根据音节数量分为：单音节词，双音节词和多音节词。5、 开音节 以读音为元音的字母结尾的音节，即辅音 +元音（如 me, he 等）；或以 不发音字母 e 结尾（女口 name, come 等）。6、 闭音节 以一个或几个辅音字母结尾且中间只有一个元音，即元音+辅音（如 it,pen, pick

2、等）。7、 重读 在双音节或多音节单词中，有个音节必须读得特别强而重，而其它音节 读得相对弱而轻，这种现象就叫单词重读。用符号“”表示。8、 清音和浊音（辅音） 发音时声带不振动叫清辅音；声带振动叫浊辅音。 音标基础学习一、英语共有 48 个音素，元音 20 个，辅音 28 个元音1. 长短： /i:/ /?/ /?:/ /?/ /?:/ /?/ /U:/ /?/2. 大小：/e/ /?/ /a/ /?/3. l 组： /e?/ /a?/ /?/4. U 组： /?/ /a?/5. ? 组： /?/ /e?/ /?/清辅音/p/ /t/ /k/ /f/ /0/ /s/ /?/ /t?/ /tr

3、/ /ts/ /h/ ?浊辅音 Ibl /d/ Igl /v/ lei /z/?/?/ /d?/ /dr/?/dz/ /r/ /m/n/ /?/?/ ?/ /w/ /j/注：s 与辅音元音里的爆破音结合时，通常是清辅音被浊化,Ipl/t/ Ikl 它们浊化后,分别发成：/b/ Id/ Igl二. 26 个字母在单词中的具体发音a1./ei/ name ablecake table take date2./?/apple catmap am match mattersad and angry3./a/ dance last pass plant4./?/want what watch wash5

4、./?/ a arrivealong alike aloude1./i:/ he she me evening meter2./e/ elephant egg bed pen best get empty February nextthe n send3./i/ enjoy English eleven because foresti1./ai / fine bike five ice climber hiki ng ki nd2./i/is sit miss pig picture interesting ill dinner him listenpick rivero1./?u /oldh

5、ome nose coke tomatotofuover hold piano2./?/dognot clock box robot on fromforest ofte n stop3./?/ son month mother love young4./u:/who do whose1./ju: / use usually excuse menu2./?/bus us sun duck uncle up trunk funny must3./ u / put pull helpfulb /b/ book big bag boxc1./k/ clean climb cup clock cook

6、 collect curtain clothes2./s/ face nice pencil city cinemad /d/ desk doll dog dad day dont dish does deepf /f/ fine friend fly foot fan fall fight favourite fruit funny1./o/g un glass glad go get2./d? / age orange village/h/ hat her house honey happy have heavier hurt hobby hospital / d?/ jeepjacket

7、 jump Jan. July June/k/ kite cake thank kangaroo speak take walk work lake like1./l/ leg left ruler flag lamp longer relax play2./l/ apple bowl tell old tail whalem /m/ am map my mouth milkn1./n/ no know new hand2./?/ thank think thing uncle swingp /p/ map jeep pig pen apple plant play potato please

8、 policeman q /kw/ quite quilt quickr /r/ red radio brother rain read run rabbit write mirror librarys1./s/ sit miss this salty books spring swim sleep sometimes grass2./z/ nose those rose rulers seasont/t/it sit not that table little tired take left fruit but plantv/v/five very seven village livew/w

9、/we window watch want wait water Wednesday winter withx/ks/box six fox relaxy1. /ai /my fly why bye2. / j / yes yellow young yesterday3./ i /happy baby very windy snowy studyz / z / zoo zero三、常见字母组合（一）元音组合 ai? /ei/?wait?paint train ay /ei/ may play day sayair / & ?Oir hair chairal /?:/ tall smal

10、l ballar / a : farther farm car armea li:l meat please tea read ?lei head bread ready ? /i?/?theater ear / i? /ear?hear?near ?/ & ?/?bear ?/?:/?earth ee /i:/ meet see bee feet jeepeir /e?theirer /?/?worker teacher ?/?:/?herere/i?/?here ? ?/e?Where thereew /ju: / new?few ?/u: / flew?grewight /ai

11、/ right high brightir/?: / bird girl shirt thirtyoa/?u/ boat coatong/o?/?long?songoo/u/ book foot good ?/u:/ moon ballo onor /?:/short fork port ?曲曲/?: / word world workoor /?:/ door?floorore /?:/ more store soreou /au/ out house mouthour /?:/ four ?your?/au?/ ourow /?u/ bowl?window?/au/ now cow flo

12、weroy/oi/?boy?toyur/?: /?turn（二）辅音组合th/0thank?mouth ?/ 8this that withtr? /tr/ tree train truckdr? /dr/ dress driversh/ f shirt wash shortch /t /child chair catch ? / k / school?Christmas ? / dtw /tw/?two twin twentywh /w/ white wheel what ? /h/ who whose whomts/ts/?jackets?kitesds/dz/?birds?friends

13、（三）特殊组合 tion / n/ question nation四、单词重音（ word stress ）?/andwich英语单词分为单音节词，双音节词和多音节词。含有一个元音音素的字母组合叫做一个音节，由一个音节构成的词叫做单音节词，如bedb?d ,dadd?d.由两个音节构成的词叫 双音节词，如 funny?f?n? ?，famous ?fem?s ?由两个以上音节构成的单词叫 多音节词，如 delicious ?d?l?s?英语单词如果有一个以上的音节则有重读音节和非重读音节，由符号“”表示，如about?baut。有的多音节词有两个重音，一个是主重音，一个是次重音，或两个 都是主

14、重音，次重音用符号“，”表示，标在次重音的左下方。如 anybody?n?,bad?。 双音节的重音一般落在第一个音节上，多音节的重音通常为倒数第三个音节，如documentary ?,dakj?m?nt?r?,grandfather ?gr?nd,fae?。四.句子重音（sentence stress ）一个句子中，实词（名词，实义动词，数词，形容词，副词等）重读 ；虚词（冠词, 介词）不重读。英语音标练习题一、口语练习（一）读出下列单词：1. /i:/i/ /e/ /?/bit/wi:k/di:l/ri?l/kid/dig/kwik/tip/zip/rid/wil/bitweekdealr

15、ealkiddigquicktipzipridwill/p?k/g?p/tr?/ /n?g/r?m/b?tl/ /sed/，h?pi setldi pend/packgaptrashnag rambattle saidhappysettle depend3. /?/ /?/ /?/d?l/ /h?ri/ /g?lf/ / ?bl/?:n/s?:f/t?:n?/ /beg?/t?k/dull hurry gulf trouble ear nsurftur nerbegger tuck/k?:b/ /?:k/ /? merik /?S/ / k?mp?/ /s? vei/ /p? veid/ /p

16、? h?ps/curb irk America soccer camper survey pervade perhaps4. /ei/?u/ai/ /au/ /?i/keip/greit/mei n/ /pr?p?uz/ /m?n/st?u n/ ?uv?/ /sait/kapegreatmainproposemoti onstoneoversight/raim/daut/ /taipist/aust/m?ist/ ?ist?/rhymedoubttypistoustmoistoyster5. /i?/ /?/u?/vi?/?/d?/ /sk?/bu? n/ /gu?d/ ru?r?l?pi?

17、/ /k? l?mbi?/veeraffairdare scarebourngourdruralappear Colombia6. IS/e/m?n0/ /0i:f/ /e?t/e?n/fei0/ /t?gee?/0?k/e?m selvz/month thief that tha n faith together tha nkthemselves（二）、绕口令：1. A tidy tiger tied a tie tighter to tidy her tiny tail.2. A mad man says that Ama nda has captured a fat pan da.2.

18、/a:/ ?:/ / ? / /u:/u/ma:sk/pa:st/ /fra:ns/st?:m/n?:t/f?ks/s?k/ /fa:/la:d? /ma:k/maskpast Francestormn aught foxsock farlargemark/ ?t/pr?mis/ /lu:s/tuk/mud/0ru:/ /pul/wud/thought promise loose took mood through pullwood3. If you no tice this no tice, you will no tice that this no tice is not worth no

19、 tic ing.4. A big black bug bit a big black bear, made the big black bear bleed blood.5. If two witches watched two watches, which witch would watch which watch? Whichwristwatch is a Swiss wristwatch?6.She sells sea shells on the seashore. The seashells she sells are seashells she is sure.、笔头练习:(一) .找出画线部分读音 不冋的单词(?)1. A. teaB. meatC. weatherD. beach(?)2. A. backB. fastC. haveD. map(?)3. A. warmB. garde nC. marketD. party(?)4. A. schoolB. toothC. chooseD.good(?)5. A. JuneB. rulerC. putD. menu(?)6. A. goB. no