两种简单从句：宾语从句和定语从句.

1、宾语从句用法时态：1. 主句用一般现在时，从句可用任意时态。2. 主句用过去时，从句用过去某个时态。3. 主句用过去时，从句是 客观真理 时，只用一般现在时。一、宾语从句的连接 词I.连接宾语从句的从属连词主要有 that, if, whether.I. that 引导表示陈述句的宾语从句，例如：He told me that he would go to the college the next year 2.和 whether 引导表示是否”的一般疑问句的宾语从 句.例如：I don t know if there will be a bus any more.Nobody knew wh

2、ether he could pass the exam.II. 连接宾语从句的连接代词主要有 who, whom, whose, whichever 等0Do you know who has won Red Alert game?Have you determ ined whichever you should buy, a Motorola or Nokia cell pho ne?III. 连接宾语从句的连接副词主要有：whe n, where, why, how, whe never 等。例 如：He didn t tell me when we should meet again.

3、Could you please tell me how you use the new computer? None of us knows wherethese new parts can be bough 二、形容词的宾语从句常用来引导宾语从句的形容词有：sure, certa in, glad, please, happy, sorry, afraid,satisfied, surprised 等。例如:I am sure I will pass the exam.I am sorry that I have troubled you so long.He is glad that L

4、i Mi ng went to see him whe n he was ill.三、if, whether 在宾语从句中的区别if 和 whether 在作 是否”解时，引导宾语从句常放在动 词 know ,ask, care wonder等之后,介词后一般不用 if。例女口 : Please ask if/whether he plans to come to the meeting。I havent settled the question of whether Ill go back home 少数动词 ,如:leave, put,discuss, doubt 后的宾语从 句常用 wh

5、ether.例如：We discussed whether we should go there by pla ne.3whether 后可以加 or not,但是 if 不可以.例如:I want to know whether it s a good news or not.4在不定式前只能用 whether.例如：I can t decide whether to stay.5避免歧异时，我们常用 whether 而不用 if.例如：Could you tell me whether you know the an swer?四、宾语从句的否定转移主句的谓语动词是 think, beli

6、eve, imagine, suppose, consider, expect, fancy, guess等，并且主句的 主语是第一人 称而且为一般现在时，从句的否定词一般要转移到 主句上来.例如：I don t think he will come to my party.定语从句的用法定语从句(Attributive Clauses 在句中做定语，修饰一个名 词或代词，被修饰的名 词，词组或代词即先行词。定语从句通常出现 在先行词 之后，由关系词(关系代词 或关系副词引出。关系代词有:who, whom, whose, that, which 等。关系畐【J 词有:when, where,

7、 why 等。1.由 that 引导的定语从句一般情况下 that 可指人或物，可以代替 who , whom 和 which ,在从句中作主语 或谓语动词的宾语 但不能作介词的宾语。女口 : Is this the doctor that(whom you talked aboutyesterday? The letter that (which I received yesterday was from my father .由 who , whom和 whose 引导的定语从句who 在从句中作主语，whom 作宾语，whose 作定语。如：This is the thief who s

8、tole my bike.He is the boy whom you wan ted to find.The girl whose mother is a doctor is wait ing for you outside.3.由 which 引导的定语从句which 指物,在从句中作主语或谓语动词的宾语。如The book which Mum bought me last week is calledThe house which Lu Xun once lived in is now the Lu Xun Museum.4.由 where , whe n 和 why 引导的定语从句wh

9、ere 在从句中作地点状语,when 在从句中作时间状语,why 在从句中作原因 状语。如：I will n ever forget the day whe n I jo ined the League.He will go back to the school where he studied n ext week.I dont know the reason why he quarreled with Zhang Lin.注意:关系代词在定语从句中作宾语时，关系代词常省去。如：The play (which Iwatched just now had bee n on twice on C

10、hannel 3.定语从句练习及答案解析1. The car ran into a crowd of middle school stude nts,_ to hospitalimmediately.A. two of whom sent B. two of them sent C. two of whom are sent D. two of them sending2. He reached London in 1996,_ , some time later, he became a famousactor. A. where B. when C. which D. that 3. Is

11、 that the small town you often refer to ? Right, just the one_ you know I used to work for years. A. that B. which C.where D. what 4. I have many frie nds,_ some are bus in essme n. A. of them of whom B. fromwhich C. who of D. 5. Mr. Gree n will come to the party on Sun day, promised to every one of

12、 us. he A. whenB. that C. where D. whichlittle women6. She heard a terrible no ise,_brought her heart into her mouth. A. it B.which C. this D. that 7. Fin ally, the thief han ded everyth ing_he had stole n tothe police. A. which B. what C. whatever D. that 8. His parents wouldn t let him marryanyone

13、_ family was poor. A. of whom B. whom C. of whose D. whose 9.The film brought the hours back to me_ I was take n good care of in that far awayvillage. A. until B. that C. when D. where10._is known to everybody, the moon travels round the earth once everymon th. A. It B. As C. Which D. What 1. B。考查定语从句与状语的区别。 A 项的语态不对，C 项的时态不对。受伤的学生是被送 往医院，故选 B 而不选 D 作状语。2. A。其先行词是被 in 1996 分隔了的 London。3. C。表示工作的地方，用关系 副词 where 引导定语从句并在定语从句中作状语。You know 为插入语。4. D。考查介词+关系代词引导的非限制性定语从句。介词后指人的关系代词只能用宾格 whom，不能用 who 替代。5. D。用 which 引导一个非限制性定语从句，修饰前面 的句意。6. B。关