人教版八年级英语上时态讲义及练习

1、人教版八年级英语上册知识总结人教版八年级英语上时态讲义 及练习时态一般现在时一.动词变化：一般现在时主要用动词原形表示，但第三人称单数后要加词尾-s, 另外be和have有特殊的人称形式。在加词尾-s时要注意:情况加法例词一般情况加-sreads, writes, says以ch, sh, s, x,或o收尾的加-esteaches, washes, guesses词fixes, goes以“本有音字母+y”结尾的变y为i再加-estry tries carry carries词二.一般现在时表示：表示现在的状态,例如:He' s twelve.(2)表示经常性的或习惯性的动作,常与o

2、ften, usually, sometimes, always, every day等表示经常性的或习惯性的时间状语连用 .例如:I go to school every day.(3)表示主语具备的性格和能力，例如:She likes apple.(4)表示客观、普遍的真理。Two and four makes six.三句型1 .肯定句结构：主语+be动词/行为动词+宾语/表语(1)行为动词：a.主语为第一、二人称、复数人称时(I, you, we, they, the boys),主语+动 词原形+宾语。They go to school every day.b.主语为第三人称单数时(

3、it, he,she, Lily),主语+动词s/es+l语。Lily often likes singing.(2)系动词(be): 中语+系动词 +表语oI am. They/We/You are He/She/It is 2 .否定句结构：主语+be动词/行为动词+宾语/表语(1)行为动词：a.主语为第一、二人称，复数人称时，一语 +don' t动词原形。They don ' t go to school every day.b.主语为第三人称单数时，语 +doesn' t动词原形。Lily doesn ' t like singing.(2)系动词(be

4、):丰语+is/am/are后加not+表语I am not a worker.3 . 一般疑问句结构：(1)行为动词a.主语为第一、二人称，复数人称时，Do+they/we/you+动词原形Do they go to school every day? (Yes, they do. No, they don )' t.b.主语为第三人称单数时,Does +he/she/iIt+动词原形t.)Does Lily often like singing? (Yes, she does. No, she doesn(2) 系动词(be): is/am/are+ 中语 +表语Are you a

5、 worker? (Yes, I am. No, I ' m not.)4.特殊疑问句结构特殊疑问词(what, how often, which, where,who ) +一般疑问句？ (1)行为动词What do they do every day?How often does Peter go fishing?(2)系动词(be):Who is the girl at that gate?一般过去时一.动词变化：一般过去时主要表示过去的动作或状态，在句中由主语+动词的过去式来表达。构成规则过去式一M在动词末尾加-edwork plant playworked planted p

6、layed结尾是e的动词在末尾加-dlikelive changeliked lived changed末尾只有一个车有音字母的 重读闭音邛词，先双写这 个车仔音字母，再加-edplan （计划） stop dropplanned stopped dropped以本武音字母加y结尾的， 先变y为i再加-edcarry study crycarried studied cried二.一般过去时表示：(1)表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态.常与yesterday，last，ago, in1990等表示过去状态的时间状语连用， 如 What did you have for breakfast

7、 this morning?(2)表示过去某一段时间内经常或反复发生的动作，这时常和表示频度的状语 连用, 如 Last term we often did experiments.三.句型1 .肯定句结构： 行为动词：主语+动词的过去式The twins went to school two hours ago.(2)系动词(be): I/ He/She/It+was They/We/You+were I was at home last night.2 .否定句结构：(1) 行为动词:主语+didn ' t+词原形The twins didn ' t go to schoo

8、l two hours ago.(2)系动词(be): 主语 +wasn't/weren 't+ 表语。I wasn ' t aibme last night.3 . 一般疑问句结构：(1)行为动词:Did+为语+动词原形？Did the twins go to school two hours ago?（Yes, they did. No, they didn ' t.）（2）系动词（be）: was/were+主语+表语 ？Were you at home last night?（Yes, I was. No, I was ' t.）4 .特殊疑问句

9、结构特殊疑问词（what, how often, which, where,who ） +一般疑问句？频度副词：通常用于一般现在时或一般过去时，频率副词常放在行为动词之前，系动词、情态动词或助动词之后。1 .常见的频度副词有：always （总是，一直）、usually （通常）、often （常常，经 常）、sometimes （有时候）、never （从不）、hardly ever（几乎从不）、every day（每 天）。2 .频度副词的位置：a.放在系动词、助动词或情态动词后面。David is often arrives late for school. 大卫上学经常迟至 U。b.放

10、在行为动词前。We usually go to school at 7:10 every day.我们每天经常在 7:10去上学。c. sometimes可放在句首或句尾，用来表示强调。Sometimes I walk home, and sometimes I rides a bike. 有时我步行回 家，有时我骑自行车。3 . every day 与 everydaya. every day 作状语，译为“每一天”。如：We go to school at 7:10 every day.我们每天 7: 10去上学。I decide to read English every day. 我决

11、定每天读英语。b. everyday作定语，译为“日常的”。She watches everyday English on TV after dinner.她晚饭后在电视上看日常英语。What's your everyday activity? 你的日常活动是什么？练习1. How often _does your fatherdrink _(drink) wine?2. His mother _comes(come) to see him once a week.3. Her sister _will not stay(not stay) at home on Sundays.4.

12、Where _were(be) you last night?5. She exercises every day.划线部分提问)_ How often_ _does she _ exercise ?6. Jim always does his homework after school.(改为否定句)Jim neverdoes_ his homework after school.7. He never goes fishing,does he?(完成反意疑问句 )8. He (go) _ goes to the park every day.9. _Do Lucy and Lily (li

13、ke) _ like China?10. Li Lei (not like ) _ doesn't like to drink orange soda.11. Did Li Ming ' s father (have) _ have_ his lunch at home?12. Everybody (have) _ has a chance to win.13. Did you make this cake last night? Yes. I did.14. Did Tom go home at five yesterday?No, he didn ' t . He

14、came home at six.15. What did you buy at the store? I bought a camera.16. Were you at home yesterday? Yes, I _was.17. Where did you catch the fish? I it in the river near my house.18. When I (knock) at his door, he was cooking.19. Tom and I (am, are, was, were) late for school yesterday.20.1 f you w

15、ant to improve your spoken English, you must speak more English.A. everyday; every day; B. every day; everyday;现在进行时一.动词变化：现在进行时由“ am /is /are +动词现在分词”构成。力口 -ing的规 则如下：(1) 一般在动词原形末尾加-ing ostay staying listen listening work working look looking(2)以不发音的字母make makinggive giving please pleasing close cl

16、osingdo doing suffer suffering spend spendinge结尾的动词，先去掉e,再加-ing。 take takingride ridingrefuse refusingoperate operating第11页共10页(3)以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节词，先双写这个辅音字母，再加 -ing0put puttingsit sittingrun runningwin winningbegin beginning二.现在进行时表示：(1)表示说话时正在进行或发生的动作，这时可以不用时间状语，也可以和nowat present, at the moment等时间状

17、语连用。有时用一个动词，如100k (看)，listen(听)。What are you reading now?Listen! Someone is singing in the classroom.(2)表小当前一段时期的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作They are working in a factory these days.More and more people are giving up smoking.(3)表示最近按计划或安排要进行的动作。现在进行时有时可表示一个在最近按计划或安排要进行的动作，即可以用 来代替将来时。When are you leaving?Are you g

18、oing to Tibet tomorrow?三.句型1 .肯定句结构:主语+is/am/are+动词-ing例如：The boys are playing football now.2 .否定句结构:在is/am/are后加not例如：The boys aren ' t playing football now.3 . 一般疑问句结构：把is/am/are提在主语前.例如：Are the boys playing football now? (Yes, they are. No, they aren' t.)4 .特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+一般疑问句一般将来时一.动词变化：一般

19、将来时表示将来某一时刻的动作或状态，或将来某一段时间内经常的动作或状态。常与 tomorrow , next引导的短语(如next week),this 引导的短语(如 this year), from now on ； in the future 等连用。二.一般将来时的用法(1) Will/Shall+ 动词原形表示将要发生的动作或情况。a. I will (shall) arrive tomorrow. 我明天到。b. W川you be free tonight? 你今晚有空吗？在一般将来时的句子中，有时有表示将来时间的状语，有时没有时间状语，这时要从意思上判断是否指未来的动作或情况。如

20、：We ll only stay for two weeks.我们只待两星期。在以第一人称I或we作主语的问句中，一般使用助动词shall,这时或是征求对方的意见，或是询问一个情况：Shall we have any classes tomorrow?明天我们有课吗？在这类问句中，近年来也有不少人用will,特别是在美国。例如：How will I get there? 我怎么去？(2) be going to+动词原形表示打算、准备做的事。如：We are going to put up a building here.我们打算在这里盖一座楼。表示即将发生或肯定要发生的事。如：I think

21、 it is going to snow. 我看要下雪了。There s going to be a lot of trouble about this. 这事肯定会有很多麻烦。“will ”句型与“ be going to”句型区别。前者表示纯粹将来，后者表示 打算、计划、准备做的事情，更强调主语的主观意愿。如：Tomorrow will be Saturday. 明天是周六了。We are going to visit Paris this summer.今年夏天我们打算游览巴黎。(3)用现在进行时表示。表示位置转移的动词 (如：go, come, leave, start, come,

22、go, arrive, reach 等), 可用现在进行时态表示按计划安排即将发生的动作。如：Uncle Wang is coming.王叔叔就要来了。They' re leving for Beijing. 他们即将前往北京。I'm leaving for Beijing. 我要去北京。(4)用一般现在时表示。某些词，如 come, go, leave, arrive, start, get, stay, live, fly 等的一般现在时也可 表示根据规定或时间表预计要发生的动作.The new term starts (begins) on August 29th. 新学

23、期八月二十九日开学。He gets off at the next stop.他下站下车The train leaves at 12:00.火车 12 点开出。当主句为将来时态或表示将来意义时，时间和条件的状语从句必须用一般现 在时表将来。如：If it doesn ' t rain tomorrow, we will go out for a picnic如果明天不下雨, 我们将出去野餐。Turn off the lights before you leave. 走前关灯。I ' ll write to her when I have time.我有空会给她写信。(5) “b

24、e to动词原形”和“be about to呦词原形”表示将来。“be to动词原形”表示按计划要发生的事或征求对方意见。例如：Are we to go on with this work? 我们继续干吗？The boy is to go to school tomorrow.这个男孩明天要去上学。He is to visit Japan next year. 明年他将访问日本。"be about to创词原形”表示即将发生的动作，意为：很快，马上。后面一般不跟时间状语。We are about to leave.我们马上就走。I am about to get up, mum. 妈

25、妈，我立亥U就起床。三.句型1 .肯定句结构：用于书面语：主语+will+动词例如：We will come to see you tomorrow(2)用于口语: 中语 +am/is/are going to+ 动词 例如：Tom is going to see his uncle next Sunday.2 .否定句结构：(1)用于书面语：在will后加not例如：We won ' t come to see you tomorrow. (will not=won ' t)(2)用于口语:在is/am/are后加not.例如：Tom isn ' going to s

26、ee his uncle next Sunday.3 . 一般疑问句结构：(1)用于书面语：把will提在主语前.例如：W川 you come to see you tomorrow? (Yes, we will. No, we won' t.)(2)用于口语：把is/am/are提在主语前.例如：Is Tom going to see his uncle next Sunday?(Yes, he is. No, he isn ' t.)4 .特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+一般疑问句？四.练习1. I (leave) in a minute. I (finish ) all my w

27、ork before I (leave).2. I (be) tired. I ( go) to bed early tonight.3. They( not have ) any classes next week.4. They(not leave) until you come back.5. There a meeting tomorrow afternoon.A. will be going to B. will going to be C. is going to be D. will go to be6. -you free tomorrow? No. I free the da

28、y after tomorrow.A. Are; going to; will B. Are; going to be; willC. Are; going to; will be D. Are; going to be; will beD. am coming7. -Let ' s go out to play football, shall we? - OK. I A. will coming B. be going to come C. comeC. There can be D. There are8. a concert next Saturday?A. There will

29、 be B. Will there be9. If it tomorrow, weA. isn ' t rain B. won ' t rain'll gskating.C. doesn ' t rain D. doesn ' t fine10. W川 his parents go to see the Terra Cotta Warriors tomorrow?-No,.A. they willn ' t.B. they won ' t. C. they aren ' t. D. they don ' t. 11. Th

30、e train at 11.A. going to arrive B. will be arrive C. is going to D. is arriving 12. He there at ten tomorrow morning.A. will B. is C. will be D. be13.open the window?A. W川 you pleaseB. Please will you C. You please D. Do you14. Where is Miss Wang? She went to Hainan Island last week and will return

31、 six days.A. ago B. later C. behind D. in 15. - When again?-When he, I ' llt lyou know.A. he comes ;comesB. will he come;will comeC. he comes ;will he comeD. will he come;comes时态练习题()1 -He came early this morning, didn't he?-Yes, he did. He often to school early.A. come B. comes C. came D. h

32、as come()2 The sun in the east and in the west.A. raises; set B. rise; sets C. rises; sets D. rises; set()3. -I usually have milk and bread for breakfast. What about you, Jim?-So do I, but my sister.A. hasn't B. doesn't C. didn't D. won't()4 -That ten pound note belongs to me.A. Yes,

33、 it belongs B. No, it doesn't C. Yes, it is D. No, it isn't ()5 She will go if it tomorrow.A. isn't rain B. don't rain C. doesn't rain D. didn't rain()6 -he to work on foot?-Yes, he.A. Do; go; do B. Does; go; does C. Is; going; does D. Does; go; is ()7 How it in English?A. yo

34、u say B. do you say C. to speak D. about talk()8 you how to get the bus stop?A. Have; know B. Do; know C. Are; knowing ' D. /; know()9. I what the old man said is right.A. am thinking B. is thought C. think D. thought()10. Could you ring me up as soon as he?A. arrived B. would arrive C. arrives

35、D. will arrive()11. Our classes at 7: 30 tomorrow morning.A. begin B. begins C. is beginning D. were beginning()12. The train at five this afternoon.A. leave B. leaving C. leaves D. are leaving()13. The train from Tianjin an hour ago.A. arrived B. has arrived C. was arriving D. arrived at()14. He li

36、ved there before he to China.A. come B. comes C. came D. coming()15. A girl the wallet and.A. found; turns it in B. would find; has turned in itC. found; turned it in D. has found; turned in it ()16. I the blackboard but nothing on it.A. looked at; saw B. have looked; sawC. saw; looked at D. was loo

37、king at; was seeing()17. When to learn English?A. does she begin B. did she begin C. has she begun D. she began()18. My younger brother the army 1990.A. joined; at B. joined; in C. has joined; in D. has joined; since()19. -Did you wait for your father very long?-Yes, I to bed until two in the mornin

38、g.A. did go B. didn't go C. had gone D. went()20. The students hardly studied the English language,they?A. did B. didn't C. were D. weren't()21. He came in,his coat and sat down.A. took down B. took off C. taking down D. taking off()22. When he was a child, he in the garden in the mornin

39、g.A. always plays B. always played C. plays always D. played always()23. He is good at maths and he hard.A. always study B. always is studying C. is always studying D. studies always ()24. When he was young he swim in the river.A. used B. used to C. uses D. use()25. Oh, you are here? I thought you o

40、n the playground.A. ran B. runs C. are running D. run()26. Look! An elephant this way.A. was coming B. is coming C. came D. comes()27. Be quiet! I'm trying to hear what the man.A. is saying B. has said C. will say D. says()28. Which car he when the accident happened?A. is; repairing B. was; repairing C. did; repair D. does; repair()29. I going to London next month.A. will think of B. am thinking of C. think of D. am thought of()30.We for Shanghai