课文翻译英美报刊阅读教程中级精选本第五版端木义万Lesson7

1、Lesson 7 : Cities and Suburbs Are Trading Places远程办公Young Singles, Other-Famones ' Taking Over Outer Areas, Study Shows研究显示,单身青年和其他非家庭成员占据了周边地区By D' Vera Cohn.A role reversal between cities and suburbs is rewriting a demographic script that has dominated American life for decades.城市和郊区之间的角色转

2、换正在改写几十年来主导美国生活的人口统计学脚本.Young singles, elderly widows and other such “nonfamily households now outnumber married-with-children homes in the nation ' s suburbs, creating changes in demand for housing, entertainment and services in the communities where most Americans live.在美国的郊区,年轻的单身人士、年老的寡妇和其他类

3、似的 无家庭家庭现在的 数量超过了结蜡带孩子的家庭,这就改变了大多数美国人居住的社区对住房、 娱 乐和效劳的需求.At the same time, the married-with-children families often thought of as typically suburban are increasing in many growing cities of the South and West, according to a study based on the 2000 Census to be released today by the Brookings Instit

4、ution. 与此同时,布鲁金斯学会(Brookings Institution)今天发布的一项基于 2000年人口 普查的研究显示,在美国南部和西部许多开展中城市,通常被认为是典型的郊区 已焙带孩子家庭的人数正在增加.In suburbs, the demand for social services is rising even as nightclubs are springing up in shopping malls to serve affluent singles.在郊区,对社会效劳的需求正在上升,尽管为富裕单身人士效劳的购物中央里的 夜总会如雨后春笋般涌现.In some c

5、ities, school buildings are crowded again, and small commercial districts are rising from the dead.在一些城市,学校建筑再次拥挤起来,小型商业区死而复生.In the Washington area, non-families have outnumbered married-with -children households in most of the region ' s biggest suburbs for more than a decade, and the trend in

6、tensified in the 1990s, hi the region 'oster suburbs, married couples with children still dominate.在华盛顿地区,十多年来,在该地区大局部最大的郊区,非家庭家庭的数量超过 了已焙带孩子的家庭,这一趋势在20世纪90年代加剧,在该地区的远郊,已焙 带孩子的家庭仍然占主导地位.The transformation of the suburbs reflects the arrival of a more diverse population and changes in the lives o

7、f people already living there.郊区的转变反映了人口多样化的到来,以及已经生活在那里的人们的生活发生了 变化.There is a growing singles scene of young people who want to live near suburban workplaces, an increasing number of unmarried couples buying houses, and more homes being rented to groups, including immigrants.越来越多的年轻人想要住在郊区工作场所附近,越

8、来越多的未焙夫妇在买房,越来越多的房子被租给团体,包括移民.At the same time, there also are more elderly individuals onice a couple, nowwidowedwho want to remain in the neighborhoods where they raised their children. 与此同时,也有越来越多的老人一一曾经是一对夫妻,现在已经丧偶一一愿意留 在养育子女的社区.“The suburbs increasingly are becoming a microcosm of America, &quo

9、t; said demographer William H. Frey, the report-authors co “All the problems we associatewith America and even urban America are suburban problems housing affordability at the low end, senior services at the high end.该报告的合著者、人口学家威廉加雷(William H. Frey)说：郊区正日益成为美国 的缩影.所有我们与美国甚至美国城市联系在一起的问题都是郊区问题低端的住房负担

10、水平,高端的高级效劳.The growing power of single suburbanites of all ages could foreshadow political struggles.各个年龄段的郊区居民日益增长的力量可能预示着政治斗争.“Theymay be able to outvote the households with children who need school and playgrounds, " said regional economist Stephen Fuller, who teaches at George Mason Univers

11、ity.在乔治梅森大学(George Mason University)任教的地区经济学家斯蒂芬富勒(Stephen Fuller)说：他们可能会在投票中击败那些有孩子需要上学和玩耍的家 庭.There are now 12.8 million non-family households in the suburbs of the nation' s 102largest metropolitan areas, according to Frey' s analysis, and 11.7 million householdsin the married-with-childr

12、en category, in 1990, the situation was reversed.根据弗雷的分析,在美国102个最大的都市区的郊区,现在有1280万非家庭, 有1170万家庭属于已焙带孩子的家庭.1990年,情况发生了逆转.In 32 older northern metropolitan areas, non-family households accounted for most of the suburban household growth in the 1990s, Frey said.弗雷说,20世纪90年代,在32个北部老城区,非家庭家庭占了郊区家庭增长 的大局部

13、.They included Buffalo, Detroit, Pittsburgh and metropolitan areasCleveland; GaryInd.; and St. Louisthe number of mawith-children households in the suburbsactually dropped.其中包括布法罗、底特律、匹兹堡和克利夫兰等大城市；印第安纳州加里市.在圣路易斯,郊区已焙带孩子的家庭数量实际上下降了.In Anne Arundel County, where non-family households out-numbered marr

14、ied-with-children homes for the first time in 2000, county demographer Sandy Speer said most are people living alone.2000年,在安妮阿伦德尔县,非家庭家庭的数量首次超过了已蜡带孩子家庭. 该县人口统计学家斯皮尔(Sandy Spee说,大多数是独居的人.Some were longtime county residents who got divorced or were widowed.有些人是县里的老住户,离焙或丧偶.-family h busetoids was“an

15、enormous growth rate,Speer said.That is a surprise.The 40 percent increase over the decade in the county过去十年里,该县非家庭家庭40%的增长是个巨大的增长速度,斯皮尔说.这是一个惊喜.The nation ' s broadened suburban diversity, which includes hefty increases in minority and immigrant households, is powered by a growing job market.不断

16、增长的就业市场推动了美国郊区的多元化,其中包括少数族裔和移民家庭的大幅增加.Most new employment is in the suburbs, ranging from wel-paid management work in office parks, to minimum-wage jobs cleaning those buildings.大多数新工作都在郊区,从在办公园区高薪的治理工作,到清扫这些建筑的最低工资工作.If they can afford it, most people want to live near work.如果负担得起,大多数人都想住在离工作地点近的地方

17、.“From the point of view of commuting, commuting from Dupont Circle to Herndon isnot a welcome prospect, especially at 6:45 in the morning," said Alan Berube, a seniresearch analyst at Brookings who co-authored the report, “City Families and Suburban Singles. 从通勤的角度来看,从杜邦圈(Dupont Circle)到赫恩登(He

18、rndon)的通勤前景并不 乐观,尤其是在早上6点45分,布鲁金斯学会(Brookings)的高级研究分析师 Alan Berube 说.The story for cities also changed in the 1990s, when central cities grew more than they had in three decades.上世纪90年代,城市的情况也发生了变化,当时中央城市的开展速度超过了30年来的水平.Fas-growing cities in the South and West attracted married couples with children

19、;cities in the North and Midwest that were growing slowly or declining did not.南方和西部快速开展的城市吸引了有孩子的已蜡夫妇；而增长缓慢或衰退的北部和中西部城市那么没有.Some of the growth cities are attractive because they“ have more of a suburban feelthan the cities of the Northeast," Frey said.弗雷说,一些增长型城市之所以具有吸引力,是由于它们比东北部城市更有郊区的感觉They

20、 are not densely built up, the housing is new, and the crime rate is low.这些城市的建筑并不密集,住房都是新建的,犯罪率也很低.Some, such as Denver, are growing mainly because they are attracting new families from other parts of the United States.像丹佛市这样的一些城市之所以在增长,主要是由于它们吸引了来自美国其他地 区的新家庭.Others, such as Anaheim, Calif, are filling up mainly with immigrant families.而其他地区,如加利福尼亚州的阿纳海姆,那么主要是移民家庭.Cities drawing immigrant families are likely to continue to do so, Frey said.弗雷说,吸引移民家庭的城市可能会继续这样做.But he said some other c