翻译二级笔译实务-20

1、翻译二级笔译实务 -20（ 总分： 81.00 ，做题时间： 90 分钟 ）一、Section I En glish -Chi neseTran slation（总题数：0,分数：0.00）二、Part A Compulsory Translation （ 总题数：1，分数：30.00）1.The Dreadlock DeadlockIn the fall of 1993 Christopher Polk transferred from FedEx's hub in Indianapolis to take overa delivery route in Flatbush Distr

2、ict, Brooklyn, N.Y. But moving to the country's largest community of Caribbean and African immigrants only precipitated a far more profound journey. "I was becoming culturally aware of the history of the black people," says Polk, now 31, "and that gave me these spiritual questions

3、." His answer came providentially, by way of a music video featuring Lord Jamai, who raps about the Rastafarian belief in the sanctity of dreadlocks the cords of permanentlyinterlocked strands first worn by African chiefs perhaps 6,000 years ago.Now a practicingRastafarian, Polk sports thick ga

4、rlands that gently cascade onto his shoulders."Your hair is your covenant," he says. "Once you grow your locks, it puts you on a path." Unfortunately, that path was a collision course with Federal Express's grooming policy, which requires men to confine their dos to "a r

5、easonable style". After years of deliberation, Polk's bosses gave him a choice: shear his locks or be transferred to a lower-paid job with no customer contact. He refused both options and was terminated in June 2000.His tale is not unique. Although Rastafarians number about 5,000 nationally

6、, today dreadlocks, twists or braids are at the height of fashion, nearly as common as Afros were 30 years ago. If Afros symbolized militancy, dreads signal a more spiritual self-declaration, a figurative locking with African ancestors. As Stanford professor Kennell Jackson, who teaches a course cal

7、led "African Coiffures and Their New World Legacies" puts it, "There's a divinity to these locks."Divine or not, some employers consider them unacceptably outre . Six other New York -area FedExemployees have lost their jobs because of dreadlocks. They have sued, alleging reli

8、giousdiscrimination; the U.S. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission and NewYork's attorney general have also charged FedEx with violating religious protections in the Civil Rights Act.The dreadlock deadlock may be easing. FedEx altered its policy slightly a few weeks ago: in the future, observ

9、ant employees who seek a waiver may wear their locks tucked under uniform hats, says a company spokeswoman. The concession isn't enough to settle the lawsuits yet. The EEOCalso wants reinstatement for the fired drivers, says trial attorney Michael Ranis. He's optimistic.Some new styles, he k

10、nows, grow more appealing over time.（分数： 30.00 ） 正确答案： (“骇人”长发绺的僵局1993年秋季，联邦快递职员克里斯托夫波尔科由印地安诺波利斯市的公司总部调职到纽约市的布鲁克林， 负责弗拉特布什区的一个投递线路。移居到这个国家最大的加勒比和非洲移民区对他影响深远。“我开始 从文化上意识到了黑人的历史，” 31 岁的波尔科说，“主要是精神方面的问题。”正巧，一盘音乐录像带 回答了他的问题：该录像带的主角加马尔公爵以说唱的形式进述了拉斯特法里教派对于“骇人”长发绺的 神圣信仰。那一缕缕永远编织在一起的发串，是约 6， 000 年前，非洲酋长们始创的

11、发型。作为拉斯特法里教派之一员，波尔科将头发做成一串串浓密的发绺，瀑布一样轻轻地撒落在双肩上。“你 的头发就是你誓约，”他说，“一旦你把它们做成一种式样，它就带你走上了这一条道路。” 不幸的是，这条道路有悖于联邦快递的着装原则，后者要求男人把自己的仪 表限制在“一种合理的方式” 之中。经过数年的考虑，波尔科的上司们给了他一个选择：或者剪掉他的发辫，或者被调到一个与顾客无 接触报酬更低的职位。他把这两者都拒绝了。 2000年 6月他被联邦快递公司解雇。 他的故事并不鲜见。尽管拉斯特法里教徒在全国为数不过约5，000 人，但是，今天，“骇人”长发绺、盘头或辫子十分兴盛， 几乎就像 30 年前的非洲

12、发式那样流行。 如果说非洲发式象征着战斗性， 那么，“骇人” 长发绺则代表一种更具精神性的自我宣誓， 一种与非洲祖先们的象征性的对接。 正如在斯坦福大学讲授 非 洲头饰及新的世界遗产课程的凯奈尔教授所说，“这种发式中存在一种神圣性。” 不管神圣与否，有些雇主就是认为它们古怪得不可接受。另外 6 位供职于纽约联邦快递的职员也因为“骇 人”长发绺而丢掉了饭碗。他们到法院起诉，指控这是宗教歧视；美国的平等就业机会委员会和纽约市检 察长已指控联邦快递违反了民权法案中的宗教保护条例。这一“骇人”长发绺之僵局可能有望缓解。几周前，联邦快递公司已经稍稍变通了其政策。公司一位女发 言人说，以后钟情“骇人”长发

13、绺的员工可以把发绺藏在自己的制服帽子内。然而，这种让步是不足以解 决法律纠纷的。审判律师迈克尔拉尼斯说，美国平等就业机会委员会还要求对遭解雇的司机予以复职。 他很乐观，他知道，某些新时尚会随着时间的推移而魅力日增。 ） 解析：三、Part B Choice of Two Translations（ 总题数： 1，分数： 25.00）2. When Liam McGee departed as president of Bank of America in August, his explanation wassurprisingly straight up. Rather than cloak

14、ing his exit in the usual vague excuses, he came right out and said he was leaving "to pursue my goal of running a company. " Broadcasting his ambition was "very much my decision," McGeesays. Within two weeks, he was talking for the first time with the board of Hartford Financial

15、 Services Group, which named him CEO and chairman on September 29.McGee says leaving without a position lined up gave him time to reflect on what kind of company he wanted to run. It also sent a clear message to the outside world about his aspirations. And McGee isn't alone. In recent weeks the

16、No. 2 executives at Avon and American Express quit with the explanation that they were looking for a CEO post. As boards scrutinize succession plans in response to shareholder pressure, executives who don't get the nod also may wish to move on. A turbulent business environment also has senior ma

17、nagers cautious of letting vague pronouncements cloud their reputations.As the first signs of recovery begin to take hold, deputy chiefs may be more willing to make the jump without a net. In the third quarter, CEO turnover was down 23% from a year ago as nervous boards stuck with the leaders they h

18、ad, according to Liberum Research. As the economy picks up, opportunities will abound for aspiring leaders.The decision to quit a senior position to look for a better one is unconventional. For years executives and headhunters have adhered to the rule that the most attractive CEO candidates are the

19、ones who must be poached. Says Kom/Ferry senior partner Dennis Carey: "I can't think of a single search I've done where a board has not instructed me to look at sitting CEOs first. " Those who jumped without a job haven't always landed in top positions quickly. Ellen Marram qui

20、t as chief of Tropicana a decade age, saying she wanted to be a CEO. It was a year before she became head of a tiny Internet-based commodities exchange. Robert Willumstad left Cifigroup in 2005 with ambitions to be a CEO. He finally took that post at a major financial institution three years later.M

21、any recruiters say the old disgrace is fading for top performers. The financial crisis has made it more acceptable to be between jobs or to leave a bad one. "The traditional rule was it's safer to stay where you are, but that's been fundamentally inverted," says one headhunter. &qu

22、ot;The people who've been hurt the worst are those who've stayed too long. /分数： 25.00 ） 正确答案：（8月份，当Liam McGee以美国银行总裁的身份离职时，他给出的解释直白得令人惊讶。他没 有像以往那样以模棱两可的理由掩饰自己的离开， 而是坦然说出自己即将离职“追求新的目标开家公司”。McGee说宣布这一目标正是自己的决定。两周内，他和哈特福德金融服务集团董事会进行了首次会谈，该 公司于9月29日任命他为CEO兼董事会主席。McGee说没有找好工作就离职可以给他时间反思自己到底想经营何种公

23、司。这也使外界明确他的愿望和决 心。并不只是McGee-个人这样做。最近几周，雅芳和美国快递这两家公司的一些高管们纷纷离职，并解 释说想寻求一个CEO的职位。当董事会迫于股东的压力仔细审查继任计划时，那些被否定的高管们也会想 离开。混乱的商业环境同样使得高管们十分谨慎，害怕模糊的声明会有损他们的声誉。 当经济开始复苏时，副职高管们可能更愿意在没有找到新工作时跳槽。据Liberum 调查，第三季度， CEO的换任比一年前减少了 23%，原因在于紧张的董事会抓住现有的领导层不放。随着经济逐渐好转，有抱负 的领导们又会充满希望。辞去高层职位寻找一个更好的职位，此决定非同寻常。多年来，高管和猎头们一直

24、坚持一个原则：最具吸 引力的CEO候选人是那些必须通过挖墙脚才能得到的人。Korn/Ferry高级搭档Dennis Carey说道："在我做的所有调查中，董事会都让我把在任的CEO作为优先考虑人选。”找不到工作就离职的人并不总是很快就能找到高层职位。 10 年前， 当纯果乐被百事可乐公司收购时， Ellen Marram以经理的身份离职了，说她想当CEO 一年后，她才成为一家商品交易所的老板，那是一家以互联网为基础的小型公司。2005年，Robert Willumstad 怀着要成为CEO的梦想离开了花旗集团。可是历经三 年，他才在一家主要的金融机构达到那个职位。很多招聘人员都说高管

25、以往的羞耻心已经慢慢变弱了。金融危机已经使得人们更可以接受跳槽了，待业或 者辞去一份不好的工作。 一个猎头说： “传统的规则是待在原地比较安全， 但是现在情形已经完全改变了。 呆的时间太长就会受伤越深。”）解析： 1McGee says leaving without a position lined up gave him time to what kind of companyhe wanted to run 本句句子主干为： McGeesays.says 后面为省略了连接词 that 的宾语从句， 宾语从句主干为： leaving gave him time to reflect on

26、。介词短语 without a position lined up 作 leaving 的定语。 he wanted to run 是一个省略了连接词that的定语从句，用来修饰先行词company。要理清该句句意还有个词组需要注意：reflect on 意为“仔细考虑，思考”。例： I must reflect on how to answer that question我必须考虑如何回答那个问题。2As boards scrutinizesuccession plans in response to shareholder pressure ， executives who don'

27、;tget the nod also may wish to move on 本句为主从复合句，前半句为从句，主干为： As boards scrutinize succession plans；后半句为主句，主干为：executives also maywish to move on。who don't get the nod 为定语从句，修饰先行词 executives 。 要理清该句句意还有些词需要注意： scrutinize 意为“详细检查；细看”； in response to 意为“响应； 回答；对有反应”。3 For years executives and headhu

28、nters have adhered to the rule that the most attractive CEO candidates are the ones who must be poached 该句子主干为： executives and headhunters have adhered to the rule that，此句中 that 引导同位语从旬对rule进行解释说明；后面的 who引导定语从句修饰the ones。该句中，adhere to 意为"坚持”； poach原意为“水煮；偷猎；窃取；把踏成泥浆”，此处意为“挖墙脚”。此处考生不难发现总结一 些平时所见

29、的简单词汇的其他意思在考试中十分有用。四、Section n Chi nese -En glish Tran slation（总题数：0，分数：0.00）五、Part A Compulsory Translation （ 总题数： 1，分数： 1.00）3. 中华民族历来尊重人的尊严和价值。 还在遥远的古代， 我们的先人就已提出“民为贵”的思想， 认为“天 生万物，唯人为贵”，一切社会的发展和进步，都取决于人的发展和进步，取决于人的尊严的维护和价值 的发挥。中国共产党领导人民进行革命、建设和改革，就是要实现全中国人民广泛的自由、民主和人权。今天中国所焕发出来的巨人活力，是中国人民拥有广泛自由、

30、民主的生动写照。中的发展中大国，仍然必 须首先保障最广大人民的生存权和发展权，不然一切其他权利都无从谈起。中国确保十二亿多人的生存权 和发展权，这是对世界人权进步事业的重大贡献。分数： 1.00 )正确答案： (The Chinese nation has always valued humandignity and value. Even in the ancient days, our ancestors came up with the idea of people being most important, believing that "man is the most va

31、luable among all the things that heaven fosters." Progress and develop ment of a society hinge on human progress and development and depend on how well human dignity is maintained and how much human value is realized. The Communist Party of China has led the Chinese people in carrying out revol

32、ution, development and reform precisely for the purpose of ensuring the entire Chinese people broad freedoms, democracy and human rights.The immense vitality displayed by Chinatoday is a vivid reflection of the broad freedoms and democratic rights enjoyed by the Chinese people. China's populatio

33、n reached around 60 million as early as in the first century. For several thousand years, to meet the people's need for food, clothing,housing and transport has all alongbeen the primary human rights challenge for successive governments in Chinese history. In today's China, which is a large

34、developing country with a population of over 1.2 billion, top priority should still be given to ensuring the greatest possible majority of its people the rights to subsistence and development. Otherwise, there would be no other rights to speak of. To have been able to ensure our people these rights

35、is in itself a major contribution to the progress of the world human rights cause.) 解析： 解析 1还在遥远的古代，我们的先人就已提出“民为贵”的思想，认为“天生万物，唯人为贵”，一切社会的 发展和进步，都取决于人的发展和进步， 取决于人的尊严的维护和价值的发挥。 Even in the ancient days, our ancestors came up with the idea of people being most important, believing that "man is the

36、 most valuable among all the things that heaven fosters." Progress and development of a society hinge on human progress and development and depend on how well human dignity is maintained and how much human value is realized 理解结构采分点。 原文为一个句子，首先要判断一下句子结构。根据原文的意思，可在第四个逗号处断开，译成两个独立的 句子。断开的原文的两部分都各有

37、两个动词： 提出、认为；取决于、取决于。可以把第一部分的“认为” 译 成现在分词；第二部分的译成并列动词。2“民为贵”的思想 the idea of people being most important 。 基本素质采分点。 一般来说，对有中国特色的短语或句子，最好采用解释内涵的方法，不能按字面意思翻译。 3“天生万物，唯人为贵”“ man is the most valuable among all the things that heaven fosters ” 基本素质采分点。与“民为贵”相同，这里也需要解释。而且这里采取的是合句法。 把原文中的两个并列句合为一个简单句。 4中国共产党

38、领导人民进行革命、建设和改革，就是要实现全中国人民广泛的自由、民主和人权。TheCommunist Party of China has led the Chinese people in carrying out revolution, development and reform precisely for the purpose of ensuring the entire Chinese people broad freedoms, democracy and human rights. 理解结构采分点。原文中的“就是要 "可以翻译成介词短语for the purpose o

39、f ensuring.作状语。原文"实现”的意思是确保 / 保证人民的权利，因此，不能译成“ realize ”。 realize 指实现计划、抱负等；了解；认识 到或承认 (某物)属实。这里用 ensure 较恰当。5中国共产党 The Communist Party of China 。 基本素质采分点。中国共产党是一个专有名词，简写为CPC。6今天中国所焕发出来的巨大活力，是中国人民拥有广泛自由、民主的生动写照。The immense vitalitydisplayed by China today is a vivid reflection of the broad free

40、doms and democratic rights enjoyed by the Chinese people 理解结构采分点。如果按照原文“是中国人民拥有广泛自由、民主的生动写照"翻译成“ is a vivid reflection ofthe broad freedoms and democratic fights of the Chinese people”也不属于错译，但“拥有”实际指的是享有民主、自由的权利，所以，下面译文更好：.is a vivid reflection Of thebroad freedomsand democratic rights enjoyed

41、by the Chinese people。 display 通常指显露、显示 (某特性或情绪 )，原文的“焕发出来”可译成 display 。7人权 human rights 。基本素质采分点。人权 human rights 为时事词汇。8中国在公元一世纪人口就已达到过六千万左右，众多人口的衣食住行，几千年来一直是中国历代政府所要解决的首要人权问题。 China's population reached around 60 million as early as in the first century. For several thousand years, to meet the

42、 people's need for food, clothing, housing and transport has all along been the primary human rights challenge for successive governments in Chinese history 理解结构采分点。首先把原文第一个逗号前的部分翻译成一句话。把“众多人口的衣食住行”翻译成动词不定式短语(tomeet the people's need for food, clothing, housing and transport)充当第二句的主语。9今天的中国是

43、一个有十二亿多人口的发展中大国，仍然必须首先保障最广大人民的生存权和发展权，不然一切其他权利都无从谈起。 In today's China, which is a large developing country with a population of over 1.2 billion, top priority should still be given to ensuring the greatest possible majority of its people the rights to subsistence and development. Otherwise, ther

44、e would be no other rights to speak of 理解结构采分点。 原文是几个简单句组成的一个复合句。而译文采用分句翻译法，分成了两个句子：一个复合句和一个简单 句。 (1) 原文中的第一个分句被译为一个介词短语作时间状语， 介词的宾语加上一个非限制性定语从句， 即，In today's China, which is a large developing country with a population of over 1.2 billion；第二个分句译为主句， 这里也算是用了合句法。 (2) 把原文中的第三个分句译为一个单独的简单句， 并使用 虚拟语

45、气。10生存权和发展权 the rights to subsistence and development。基本素质分点。生存权和发展权 the rights to subsistence and development为常见时事词汇。六、Part B Choice of Two Translations ( 总题数： 1，分数： 25.00)4. 与你的个人外表和自我态度一样，你做生意的方式也可以使客户产生良好的印象。当拜访客户时，很重 要的一点是谈话开门见山。他并不会真的对你所谈论的天气状况，前一天晚上的总统演说，或是星期天的 橄榄球赛感兴趣。他也不会对你夸奖他的西装好看，和墙上的照片中他

46、女儿的美丽感兴趣。这样的闲聊是 一种不真诚的表现形式，而且侵占了他的时间。我一直认为直截了当是最有效的，因此我向你保证任何一 个商人都会因为你能这样做而对你尊重有加 正如外表决定了人的第一印象，外表也同样决定了一种产品，一个地方及一个公司的第一印象。 比方说，你也许注意到了生意兴隆饭店的泊车服务生会把劳斯莱斯、奔驰一凯迪拉克等汽车停在最显眼的 位置，这样你在走向饭店门口的时候一定会看到它们。我过去以为这么做是因为有钱人给了更多小费，但 真实的原因是每个成功的饭店经营者都懂得良好的形象能推销食品。他想告诉公众：我们招待的是懂格调 的客人。因此，很明显，我们的食物一定是精心烹饪的。一个干净整洁的外

47、表也表示你讲效率有条理我所知道的公司无不希望拥有这样的形象。如果你曾经走进 过汽车维修站一间干净而整齐的车库，我确信你会和别人一样，认为把车留在那里维修感觉更舒服一些。分数： 25.00 ) 正确答案： (Just like your personal appearance and attitude, the manner you adopt in doing business can also decide whether the impression you leave to the customer is good or not. When visiting your customer, a key is to be direct and frank about your aims. In effect, the