推荐盘点中考英语语法考点（附典题详解及练习）

1、湖北英语教学网盘点中考英语语法考点中考英语语法考点 名词概要名词的概念在不同的语法教课书中有不同的解释和分类方法，但就实际应用来讲还是不要过分地追求其理论概念，而更多的要把注意力放在其应用上来。我们不妨把它分为两大类：专有名词与普通名词。 顾名思义，专有名词是指：个人、事物、机关等所专有的名称，如，the Great Wall，America它们是不能随意变动的。而普通名词中则包括个体名词，如pen, worker它表示单一的个体人或事物。集体名词，如：family, class, team,它表示的是由若干个个体组成的集合体；物质名词，如：water,paper它表示的是一种物质，原材料；而

2、后一种是抽象名词，如:work, time它表示着一种在实际生活中看不见、摸不到，但却与实际生活紧密相关的某些动作、状态、品质的抽象概念。种类：专有名词  John, the Communist Party of 普通名词类名词 nurse, boy, worker, pencil, dog, table 集体名词 class, family, army, police, team, people 物质名词 water, steel, glass, cotton, wood, sand 抽象名词 happiness, love, work, life, courage, honest

3、 功用：主语 My family is now in New York. 表语 His father is a scientist. 宾语 We love our great motherland. 宾语补足语 He made London the base for his work. 定语 The girls are making paper flowesrs. 状语 The car cost him 1000 dollars. 同位语 Mr Brown, a famous scientist, will come here. 名词在使用中的难点在于名词的数，即可数名词与不可数名词的实际应用

4、。不可数名词不能用数字计算，所以它通常只有单数形式。它包含有专有名词、物质名词、抽象名词等，如：English, air, water, cotton, work可数名词是可以用数量加以计算的名词，所以它具有单数形式和复数形式两种。可数名词复数形式的构成规律是：1. 一般情况加s,如：penpens, doctordoctors, boyboys,其读音规则是在清辅音后读s，在元音和浊辅音后读z。如:mapmap ，boyboys.2. 在以s,sh,ch,x结尾的名词后面加es，如：busbuses,classclasses, 其读音为iz。3. 以ce,se,ze,(d)ge结尾的名词加s

5、，其读音为iz。4. 以辅音字母加y结尾的名词，要将y变为i再加es，读作z，如：factoryfactories, countrycountries, familyfamilies.但要注意的是以元音字母加y结尾的名词的复数形式只加s，如:boyboys, daydays。5. 以o结尾的名词的复数形式一般要加es，但如果o前面是元音字母或外来词，缩写词以o结尾的则只加s，如：tomatotomatoes, heroheroes; photophotos, radioradios, pianopianos6. 以f或fe结尾的名词的复数形式要将f或fe变为v再加es，如：knifeknive

6、s, leafleaves, 但有些例外的词如roof的复数形式是roofs。7. 不规则名词的复数形式是要单个记忆的，它没有规律可循，如：manmen, womanwomen, childchildren, footfeet, toothteeth, mousemice8. 单复同形的名词有：fish, sheep, deer9. 单数形式但其意为复数的名词有:people,police等。名词还有格的变化，其主格可作主语，宾格可作宾语。还有所有格，用来表示人或物的所有，以及领属关系。表示有生命的名词的所有格其单数形式是加's其复数形式是s'，如其结尾不是s的复数形式仍加&#

7、39;s，如：a student's room, students' rooms, Children's Day.在表示时间、距离、世界、国家名词的所有格要用's，如：a twenty minutes' walk.但无生命名词的所有格则必须用of结构，如：the capital of our country, the colour of the flowers 随堂练习：( ) 1 She was very happy. She          in t

8、he maths test.A. makes a few mistake B. made a few mistakes C. made few mistakes D. makes few mistake( ) 2 We need some more_. Can you go and get some, please?A. potato B. potatos C. potatoes D. potatoe( ) 3 _are_for cutting things.A. Knife/used B. Knives/used C. Knife/using D. Knives/using( ) 4 Wha

9、t big_ the tiger has!A. tooth B. teeth C. tooths D. toothes( ) 5 Please remember to give the horse some tree_.A. leafs B. leaves C. leaf D. leave( ) 6 -Can we have some _?-Yes, please.A. banana B. oranges C.apple D. pear( ) 7 On the table there are five_.A. tomatos B. piece of tomatoes C. tomatoes D

10、. tomato( ) 8 They got much _ from those new books.A. ideas B. photos C. information D. stories ( ) 9 He gave us_ on how to keep fit.A. some advices B. some advice C. an advice D. a advice( ) 10 When we saw his face, we knew_ was bad.A. some news B. a news C. the news D. news中考英语语法考点 形容词1、形容词的用法形容词是

11、用来修饰、描绘名词的，通常在句中作定语、表语或宾补，有时还可作状语。如：He is honest and hardworking.I found the book interesting.某些形容词与定冠词连用表示一类人作主语时，谓语通常用复数形式。如：The rich and the poor live in different parts of the city.The English like to be with their families.多个形容词作定语修饰名词的顺序：冠词+序数词+基数词+性质状态（描述性）+形状大小+新旧老少+颜色+国籍+材料+名词。如：the second

12、five interesting big new red Chinese wall papers.2、形容词比较等级的形式（1） 规则形式一般说来，单音节词及少数双音节词在后加-er; -est 来构成比较级和最高级；其他双音节词及多音节词在前加more, most.如：great-greater-greatestbusy-busier-busiestimportant-more important-(the)most important（2） 不规则形式good (well)-better-bestbad (ill)-worse-worstmany (much)-more-mostlittl

13、e-less-least（3） 形容词比较等级的用法表示两者的比较，用形容词的比较级+than. 如：He is cleverer than the other boys.This one is more beautiful than that one.表示两者以上的比较，用"the +形容词最高级（+名词）+of(in) "如：He is the cleverest boy in his class.表示两者是同等程度，用"as +形容词原级+as". 如：He is as tall as I.I have as many books as you.

14、越 越 例如：The more I learn, the happier I am. You can never be too careful. 越小心越好。又如：You can never praise the teacher too highly. 你怎么赞扬这个老师也不过分。 I have never spent a more worrying day.那一天是最令我担心的一天。I have never had a better dinner.这是我吃过的最好的一顿饭。 My English is no better than yours.我的英语和你的英语都不怎么样。随堂练习：( )1

15、 This box is_ that one.A. heavy than B. so heavy thanC. heavier as D. as heavy as( )2 When we speak to people, we should be           .A. as polite as possible B. as polite as possiblyC. as politely as possible D. as politely as possibly( )3 This boo

16、k is_ that one, but_ than that one.A. as difficult as; expensiveB. as more difficult as; more expensiveC. as difficult as; more expensiveD. more difficult as; as expensive( )4 I think the story is not so _ as that one.A. interesting B. interested C. more interesting D. most interesting( )5 His fathe

17、r began to work_ he was seven years old.A. as old as B. as early as C. since D. while( )6 I think science is _ than Japanese.A. much important B. important C. much more important D. more much important( )7 This pencil is_ than that one.A. longest B. long C. longer D. as long( )8 My mother is no _ yo

18、ung.A. shorter B. longer C. little D. few( )9 These children are _ this year than they were last year.A. more tall B. more taller C. very taller D. much taller( )10 It was very hot yesterday, but it is_ today.A. even hotter B. more hotterC. much more hot D. much hot英语语法复习 动词的功用动词在语言中是必不可少的一部分。它的语法现象

19、也较多，但在初中范围主要有以下几方面问题。 时态：初中范围主要有一般现在时，一般过去时，现在完成时，过去完成时，将来时与过去将来时六种时态。 语态：主动语态与被动语态。 助动词和情态动词。 非谓语动词，也就是不定式，动名词及现在分词的用法。时态主要掌握以下几种时态的应用要点和习惯用法。1 一般现在时：主要有以下三方面， 用来表示状态，特征或不受时间限制的客观存在和真理。如：Matter exists in three states物质有三态。又如：The earth moves around the sun 表示习惯性和经常发生的动作，如：I often go to bed at 9 在时间、

20、条件等状语从句中表示将来要发生的动作，如：As soon as I get there I'll telephone you.2 一般过去时：主要用于表达过去时间内发生的动作或存在的状态，如：I was ill last week 过去经常发生的动作或习惯性动作，如：I used to get up at six. 3 一般将来时：用于表示将要发生的动作，其构成方式 用ill (shall)+动词原形来表达将来在某一时间内要发生，或经常、将要发生的动作或状态，如：School will begin on Sepember 1st 用be going to+动词原形，用来表示不久将要发生

21、或打算去作的动作。如：I'm going to swim this afternoon be+现在分词，也就是用某些动词的现在进行时表示将来，如：I'm coming。这些动词只限于：go, come, leave, start, move, sail, arrive, reach, get to等动词。 在状语从句中用一般现在时表示将来。4 现在进行时：用于表示现在正在进行的动作，如：What are you doing now?要注意的是表示状态，情感的某些词没有现在进行时，这些动词有：like, have (有)，love, know, understand, remem

22、ber, forget, see, hear, smell, taste, feel, wish hope, expect5 过去将来时：用来表达从过去某时间点上看将要发生的动作，如： He told me he would come to my party6 现在完成时与过去完成时：现在完成时的两个用处是：用来表达在过去开始的动作持续到现在，如：I've studied English for two years 用来表达过去发生的事但它影响到现在，如：I haven't had my breakfast. so I'm hungry now 现在完成时与过去完成时的

23、区别在于动作的截止时间，现在完成时所表达的动作截止于现在，而过去完成时所表达的动作截止于过去。如：I haven't seen my old teacher for a long time 我好久未见到我过去的老师了。是指到目前截止。如果加上一句话，则将变为过去完成时，如：Yesterday I saw my old teacher. I hadn't seen him for a long time. 因为我好久未见他这一情况截止于昨天。还要注意的一个问题是截止性动词可以有完成时，但不能与表示一段时间的状语连用，如：When I got to school, the clas

24、s had begun 如果一定要讲开始几分钟了则要换用表示状态，或延续性动词，如：When I got to school, the class had been on for five minutes语态：英语中只有主动语态与被动语态之分。主动语态，句子中的主语是动作的执行者，如：I broke the window 而被动语态句子中的主语是主动语态句子中的宾语，如：The window was broken by me 被动语态主要用于，动作的执行者不明确，或没有必要说出来，如：The New building was built last week 关键要注意的是在主动语态中有省略不定

25、式符号to的动词，在被动语态要还原，如： 主动语态 I saw him come in.被动语态 He was seen to come in. 助动词和情态动词：助动词本身没有词义，它只不过与实义动词一起构成谓语动词，形成了时态、语态、构成了疑问句，否定句，以及用来加强语气。而情态动词则表达一种可能、必要、允许、愿望、猜测的意图、倾向。也用来表示语气的委婉和祝愿。初中阶段主要有：can, could, may, might, will, would, must (have to), shall, should。最后要谈论的是非谓语动词，非谓语动词分为不定式，和动词的ing形式，(即现在分词和

26、动名词)。虽然在初中范围，这一项不是语法重点，但还是要花一定时间去学习，为的是打下良好的基础。为进一步学习提供良好的条件。不定式在句中可以作主语、宾语、表语。如：To see is to believe.(百闻不如一见) He want to see a film 还可以作补足语，如：He wants me to leave.也可以作状语，如：I come here to learn English.动名词也可以起到上述作用，如：Seeing is believing. I like swimming very much. 而现在分词多用于作定语、补足语、状语，如： The girl driv

27、ing a car is her sister.(定语) Did you notice his hand shaking?(宾语补足语)Hearing the noise, we stopped talking.(状语)中考英语语法考点 短语动词I 要点英语中有许多短语动词在意义上是一个整体，其用法有的相当于及物动词，有的相当于不及物动词，有的兼有及物动词和不及物动词的特征。英语短语动词的构成主要有以下六种：（1） 动词介词常见的有look for, look after, send for, care about, ask for, laugh at, hear of (from), add

28、 to, lead to等。这类短语动词的宾语只能放在介词后。如：Don't laugh at others.I didn't care about it.（2） 动词副词常见的有give up, pick up, think over, find out, hand in, point out等。这类短语动词的宾语如果是名词，既可放在副词前边，又可放在副词后边；宾语如果是人称代词或反身代词，则要放在副词前边。如：You'll hand in your homework tomorrow.  Please don't forget to hand it

29、 in.（3） 动词副词介词常见的有look down upon, go on with, break away from, add up to, catch up with等。这类短语动词的宾语只能放在介词后边。如：All his money added up to no more than $100.After a short rest, he went on with his research work.（4） 动词名词介词常见的有take care of, make use of, pay attention to, make fun of 等。这类短语动词的宾语只能放在介词后边。如：

30、You should pay attention to your handwriting.We should make full use of our time.（5） 动词形容词常见的有leave open, set free, cut open等。这类短语动词的宾语如果是名词，则宾语可放在形容词的前边，也可放在后边；宾语如果是人称代词或反身代词，则必须放在形容词前边。如： The prisoners were set free.He cut it open.（6） 动词名词常见的有take place, make friends等。这类短语动词用作不及物动词。如：This story to

31、ok place three years ago.I make friends with a lot of people.（7）辨析give away(让给，暴露) 和 give up（放弃，停止）put away（放起，收起） 和 put out （扑灭）turn up（出席，放大） 和 turn on （打开）keep out（阻止） 和 keep off （不让靠近）make up（编造，补上） 和 make out（辨认）take off（脱，起飞） 和 take out（拿出）II 例题例1 It is wise to have some money _ for old age.A

32、put away B kept up C given away D laid up解析：该题正确答案为A。意为"存"；keep up意为"继续"；give away意为"分发"；lay up"贮藏"。   例2 Here's my card. Let's keep in _. A touch  B relation  C connection  D friendship解析：该题正确答案为A. keep in touch为短语动词，意为&q

33、uot;保持联系"。   例3 _! There's a train coming.A Look out B Look around C Look forward D Look on解析：该题选A. look out 意为"小心"。随堂练习：( ) 1. We don't know the word. Let's _ in the dictionary.A. look it B. look at C. look up it D. look it up( ) 2 Please_ before you cross the r

34、oad.A. look up B. look yourself C. look around D. look again( ) 3 Smith took the dictionary, _ it and then_ it on to Philip. A. looked at; passed B. put away; tried C. looked up; spent D. paid for; put( ) 4 -What are you _?-My key.A. look for B. finding C. look after D. looking for( ) 5 Could you pl

35、ease _ my cat while I'm out?A. look for B. look out C. look after D. look at( ) 6. -Do you know Mr Brown?-No, but I _ him before.A. often heard of B. have known C. have heard of D. often listen to( ) 7 Tom is listening to the teacher. But he can't _ him.A. listen B. listening to C. hear D. h

36、eard( ) 8 I haven't_ my good friend, John for years.A. hear of B. hear C. hear from D. heard from( ) 9 He _ and_ a sound in the next room.A. listened to; heard B. listened; heard C. heard; listened to D. heard; listened. ( ) 10 Next week we'll have a meeting_.A. to take part in B. to jo

37、in C. to attend D. attending中考英语语法考点 动词时态1、 一般现在时（1） 表示经常发生的动作或现在存在的状态，常与sometimes, always, often, every day等时间状语连用。如：Sometimes, we go swimming after school. （2） 表示客观真理、科学事实等。如：The earth goes round the sun. 2、 现在进行时(1) 表示说话时或现阶段正在进行的动作，常与now, at present等时间状语连用。如：What are you doing now? (2) 和always,

38、continually等连用，表一种经常反复的动作，常含有某种情感。如：He is always doing good deeds.3、 现在完成时主要表示动作发生在过去，对现在仍有影响，或动作一直延续到现在，或可能还要继续下去，常与just, already, so far, once, never 等词连用。如:Have you ever been to Beijing?4、一般将来时表示将来某一时间要发生的动作或存在的状态，常与tomorrow, next year等连用。如：I'll meet you at the school gate tomorrow morning.We

39、're going to see a film next Monday.5、一般过去时表示在过去某一时间或某一阶段内发生的动作或存在的状态，常与yesterday, last year, in 1998, a moment ago等词连用。如：It happened many years ago. 6、过去进行时表示过去某一时刻或某一时期正在发生的动作。如：What were you doing this time yesterday?7、 过去完成时表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生或完成了的动作。如：The train had already left before we arr

40、ived. 8、一般过去将来时表示说话人从过去的角度来看将来发生的动作。如：He said he would come, but he didn't.9、被动语态被动语态的时态，以give为例。 时式  一般  进行  完成  现在 am is       given are   am is     being are has     been givenhave  过去 was

41、           given were was        being given were had been given  将来 shall            be givenwill   shall       have been given will &

42、#160;过去将来 should             be given would   should           have been given would II例题例1 I learned that her father _ in 1950.A had died B died C dead D is dead解析：该题正确答案为B。从句中的谓语动词动作虽然发生在主句谓语动词

43、的动作之前，但因从句中有明确的过去时间状语in 1950, 所以不用过去完成时态，而用一般过去时态。例2 The five-year-old girl _ by her parents.A is looked B has looked forC is being looked for D has been looked解析：该题正确答案为C。在带有介词的动词短语用于被动语态句中，介词不能省，否则就变成了不及物动词短语，而不能用于被动语态的句子中。随堂练习：( ) 1 -He came early this morning, didn't he?-Yes, he did. He ofte

44、n_ to school early. A. come B. comes C. came D. has come( ) 2 Ann _ her hair every week.A. is going to wash B. wash C. washes D. is washing( ) 3 They usually_TV in the evening.A. watch B. will watch C. are watching D. watches( ) 4 The sun _ in the east and_ in the west.A. raises; set B. rise; sets C

45、. rises; sets D. rises; set( ) 5 Miss Gao_ English on the radio every morning.A. had studied B. studies C. study D. studied( ) 6 Our teacher will return by the time schoolA. will begin B. began C. is beginning D. begins( ) 7 -I usually have milk and bread for breakfast. What about you, Jim?-So

46、do I, but my sister _.A. hasn't B. doesn't C. didn't D. won't( ) 8 -That ten pound note belongs to me.A. Yes, it belongs B. No, it doesn't C. Yes, it is D. No, it isn't( ) 9 She will go if it _ tomorrow.A. isn't rain B. don't rain C. doesn't rain D. didn

47、't rain( ) 10 -_ they often _ these old men?-Yes, they_.A. Do; help; are B.Are; helping; are C. Do; help; do D. Are; helped; are中考英语语法考点 动名词I 要点   动名词既具有动词的一些特征，又具有名词的句法功能。1、 动名词的形式，以write为例。 式 | 语态  主动语态  被动语态  一般式  writing  being written  完成式  

48、having written  having been written 否定式 not +动名词2、 动名词的用法（1） 作主语Playing football is my favorite sport.Travelling with friends at weekend is fun.作主语的动名词结构复杂且长时，可用it作形式主语。如：It is fun travelling with friends at weekend.（2） 作宾语I enjoy playing PC game.He gave up writing five years ago.（3） 作表语What he

49、 hated most was doing nothing.Seeing is believing.动名词作表语时，句子的主语常是无生命名词或what引导的名词性从句。（4） 作定语There's a dining room in my school.All the people watching laughed.（5） 动名词的复合结构"物主代词（或名词的所有格）+动名词"。如：Tom's going home late made her mother angry.Would you mind my opening the window?不过，动名词的逻辑

50、主语在遇到以下情况时，必须用名词的普通格（或人称代词的宾格）。无生命名词The girls were afraid of the door suddenly closing.Fire burns better by oxygen being at work.有生命名词，但表泛指。Have you ever heard of girls smoking?两个以上的有生命的名词并列。Do you still remember my parents and me coming to see you that day?3后面常接动名词的动词和短语mind, enjoy, finish, conside

51、r, practise, magine, keep, suggest, advise, allow, permit, be worth doing, be used to doing, be busy doing,can't help doing, it is no good doing, it is no use doing,look forward to doing, stick to doing, pay attention to doing,devote to doing, lead to doing II例题例1 She says she doesn't feel l

52、ike _ out with you.A going B to go C for going D went解析：该题正确答案为A。 feel like = want, 此处like 为介词，后面要接名词或动名词作宾语。   例2 The garden needs _.A water B watering C to water D watered解析：该题正确答案为B。 need = want = require. 如果物作主语，此三者后要接动名词或to be done这一结构作宾语。例3 Excuse me _ you.A interrupting B to interru

53、pt C interrupted D to have interrupted解析：该题正确答案为A。excuse 后接动名词作宾语，此句中的me为动名词的逻辑主语（常用于口语中）。  随堂练习：1) Before _ the house, you should get a surveyor_ over it. A) buying.looking B)shavingsbought.to look C) buying.to have looked D) buying.to look 2) In some countries people favor _ together even tho

54、ugh there is much more space. A) to stay B) stay C) staying D) stayed3) "Why was Fred so upset?""He isn't used _ criticized." A) be B) to be C) to being D)shavingsbeen 4) It's no use _ to get a bargain these days. A) to expect B) expecting C) wanting D) you expect 5) &quo

55、t;Why were you so late for work today?""_ to the office was very slow this morning because of the traffic." A) Driving B) I drove C) To drive D) That I drove 6) It was impolite of him _without _good-bye. A) to leave, saying B) leaving, to say C) to leave, to say D) leaving, saying 7)

56、He kept _to his parents. A) putting off to write B) to put off to write C) putting off writing D) to put off writing 8) I'll go with you after I get through with _the house. A) cleaning B) to cleaning C) to be cleaned D)shavingscleaned 9) With apples at 25 cents a pound, we couldn't resist _

57、four pounds. A) to take B) took C) taking D) have taken 10) How can you keep the machine _when you are away? A) run B) to run C) running D) being run 中考英语语法考点 介词概要1、介词和种类（1） 简单介词，常用的有at, in, on, about, across, before, beside, for , to, without等。（2） 复合介词，如by means of, along with, because of, in front

58、 of, instead of等。2、介词和其他词类的习惯搭配关系（1） 和动词的搭配，如agree with, ask for, belong to, break away from, care about等。（2） 和形容词的搭配，如afraid of, angry with, different from, good at（3） 和名词的搭配，如answer to , key to, reason for, cause of, visit to等.3、介词短语可以有自己的修饰语，这种修饰语通常有right, just, badly, all, well, directly, completely等少数几个副词。如：He came right after dinner.He lives directly opposite the school.4、 某些介词的意义与用法举例（1） at, on, in（表时间）表示时间点用at,如at four o'clock, at midnight等；表示不确定的时间或短期假日也用at,如at that time,