2013五年高考阅读理解之七选五真题汇编含答案

1、2013-2017年五年高考阅读理解之七选五真题汇编1【2017全国卷I】根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。IfanyonehadtoldmethreeyearsagothatIwouldbespendingmostofmyweekendscamping,Iwouldhavelaughedheartily. Campers,inmyeyes,werepeoplewhoenjoyedinsectbites,ill-cookedmeals,anduncomfortablesleepingbags.Theyhadnothingin common wit

2、h me. 36 _Thefriendswhointroducedmetocampingthoughtthatitmeant tobeapioneer.37 _Wesleepinatent,cookedoveranopen fire,andwalkedalongdistancetotaketheshowerandusethebathroom. ThisbriefvisitwithMotherNaturecostmetwodaysofffromwork,recoveringfromabadcaseofsunburnandthedoctorsbill formysonsfoodpoisoning.

3、Iwas,nevertheless,talkedintogoing onanotherfun-filledholiday inthewilderness. 38_Instead, wehadapop-upcamperwithcomfortablebedsandanairconditioner.Mynature-lovingfriendshadrememberedtobringallthenecessitiesoflife.39 _Wehavedonealotofitsince.Recently, weboughtatwenty-eight-foottraveltrailercompletewi

4、thabathroomandabuilt-inTVset.Thereisaseparatebedroom,amodernkitchenwitharefrigerator. Thetrailerevenhasmatchingcarpetandcurtains.40_Itmustbetruethatsoonerorlater,everyonefindshisorherwaybacktonature.Irecommendthatyoufindyourwayinstyle.A. Thistimetherewasnotent.B. Thingsaregoingtobeimproved.C. Thetri

5、ptheytookmeonwasaroughone.D. Iwastolearnalotaboutcampingsincethen,however.E. ImustsaythatIhavecertainlycome toenjoycamping.F. Afterthetrip,myfamilybecamequiteinterestedincamping.G. Therewasnoshadeasthetreeswerenomorethan3feettall.2【2017全国卷II】根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Interruptions are

6、 one of the worst things to deal with while youre trying to get work done. 36_,there are several ways to handle things. Lets take a look at them now.37_.Tell the person youre sorry and explain that you have a million things to do and then ask if the two of you can talk at a different time.When peopl

7、e try to interrupt you, have set hours planned and let them know to come back during that time or that youll find them then. 38 _.It can help to eliminate(消除) future interruptions.When you need to talk to someone, dont do it in your own office. 39 _, its much easier to excuse yourself to get back to

8、 your work than if you try to get someone out of your space even after explaining how busy you are.If you have a door to your office, make good use of it. 40_. If someone knocks and its not an important matter, excuse yourself and let the person know youre busy so they can get the hint(暗示) that when

9、 the door is closed, youre not to be disturbed.A. If youre busy, dont feel bad about saying noB. When you want to avoid interruptions at work C. Set boundaries for yourself as your time goesD. If youre in the other persons office or in a public areaE. Its important that you let them know when youll

10、be availableF. It might seem unkind to cut people shirt when they interrupt youG.Leave it open when youre available to talk and close it when youre not3【2017全国卷III】根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Lots of people find it hard to get up in the morning, and put the blame on the alarm clock. In

11、fact, the key to easy morning wake-up lies in resetting your body clock. 36 _ Heres how to make one.37_In order to make a change, you need to decide why its important. Do you want to get up in time to have breakfast with your family, get in some exercise, or just be better prepared for your day? Onc

12、e you are clear about your reason, tell your family or roommates about the change you want to make. Rethink mornings. Now that you know why you want to wake up, consider re-arranging your morning activities. If you want time to have breakfast with your family, save some time the night before by sett

13、ing out clothes, shoes, and bags. 38_Thats a quarter-hour more you could be sleeping if you bought a coffee maker with a timer. Keep your sleep/wake schedule on weekends. If youre tired out by Friday night, sleeping in on Saturday could sound wonderful. But compensating on the weekends actually feed

14、s into your sleepiness the following week, a recent study found. 39_ Keep a record and evaluate it weekly. Keep track of your efforts and write down how you feel. After youve tried a new method for a week, take a look at your record. 40_ If not, take another look at other methods you could try.A. Ge

15、t a sleep specialist.B. Find the right motivation.C. A better plan for sleep can help.D. And consider setting a second alarm.E. If the steps you take are working, keep it up.F. Stick to your set bedtime and wake-up time, no matter the day.G. Reconsider the 15 minutes you spend in line at the caf to

16、get coffee.4【2017浙江卷】根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。How to Do Man-on-the-Street InterviewsThe man-on-the-street interview is an interview in which a reporter hits the streets with a cameraman to interview people on the sport. 31_ But with these tips, your first man-on-the-street interview

17、experience can be easy.When your boss or professor sends you out to do man-on-the-street interviews for a story, think about the topic and develop a list of about ten general questions relating to it. For example, if your topic is about environmental problems in America, you might ask, “Why do you t

18、hink environmental protection is important in America?” 32_Hit the streets with confidence. 33_ Say, “Excuse me, I work for XYZ News, and I was wondering if you could share your opinion about this topic.” This is a quick way to get people to warm up to you.Move on to the next person if someone tells

19、 you she is not interested in talking on camera. Dont get discouraged.34_Each interview that you get on the street shouldnt be longer than ten minutes. As soon as you get the answer you need, move on to the next person. Make sure that as you go from interview to interview, you are getting a variety

20、of answers. If everyone is giving you the same answer, you wont be able to use it. A safe number of interviews to conduct is about six to ten.35_ If your news station or school requires interviewees to sign release forms to appear on the air, dont leave work without them.A. Limit your time.B. As you

21、 approach people, be polite.C. If you dont own a camera, you can buy one.D. For new reporters, this can seem like a challenging task.E. To get good and useful results, ask them the same question.F. That number of interviews should give you all the answers you need.G. With a question like this, you w

22、ill get more than a “Yes” or “No” reply.5【2017北京卷】根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Every animal sleeps, but the reason for this has remained foggy. When lab rats are not allowed to sleep, they die within a month.71_ One idea is that sleep helps us strengthen new memories.72 _ We know that, w

23、hile awake, fresh memories are recorded by reinforcing (加强) connections between brain cells, but the memory processes that take place while we sleep have been unclear. Support is growing for a theory that sleep evolved so that connections between neurons(神经元) in the brain can be weakened overnight,

24、making room for fresh memories to form the next day.73_Now we have the most direct evidence yet that he is right.74_The synapses in the mice taken at the end of a period of sleep were 18 per cent smaller than those taken before sleep, showing that the connections between neurons weaken while sleepin

25、g.If Tononis theory is right, it would explain why, when we miss a nights, we find it harder the next day to concentrate and learn new information our brains may have smaller room for new experiences.Their research also suggests how we may build lasting memories over time even though the synapses be

26、come thinner. The team discovered that some synapses seem to be protected and stayed the same size.75_ “You keep what matters,” Tononi says.A. We should also try to sleep well the night before.B. Its as if the brain is preserving its most important memories.C. Similarly, when people go for a few day

27、s without sleeping, they get sick.D. The processes take place to stop our brains becoming loaded with memories.E. Thats why students do better in tests if they get a chance to sleep after learning.F. “Sleep is the price we pay for learning,” says Giulio Tononi, who developed the idea.G. Tononis team

28、 measured the size of these connections, or synapses, in the brains of 12 mice.6【2016全国卷I】根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。Secret codes (密码)keep messages private。Banks, companies, and government agencies use secret codes in doing business, especially when information is sent by computer. Peo

29、ple have used secret codes for thousands of years. 36 _ Code breaking never lags(落后) far behind code making. The science of creating and reading coded messages is called cryptography. There are three main types of cryptography. 37 _ For example, the first letters of “My elephant eats too many eels”

30、Spell out the hidden message “Meet me.”38 _ You might represent each letter with a number, For example, Lets number the letters of the alphabet, in order, from 1 to 26. If we substitute a number for each letter, the message “Meet me” would read “13 5 20 13 5.”A code uses symbols to replace words, ph

31、rases, or sentences. To read the message of a real code, you must have a code book. 39_For example “bridge“ might stand for “meet” and “out” might stand for “me.” The message “bridge out” would actually mean “Meet me.”40 _ However, it is also hard to keep a code book secret for long. So codes must b

32、e changed frequently.A. Itisveryhardtobreakacodewithoutthecodebook.B .Inanylanguage,somelettersareusedmorethanothers.C. Onlypeoplewhoknowthekeywordcanreadthemessage.D.Aslongastherehavebeencodes,peoplehavetriedtobreakthem.E.Youcanhideamessagebyhavingthefirstlettersofeachwordspellitout.F.Withacodebook

33、,youmightwritedownwordsthatwouldstandforotherwords.G.Anotherwaytohideamessageistousesymbolstostandforspecificlettersofthealphabet. 7【2016全国卷II】根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。A garden thats just right for youHave you ever visited a garden that seemed just right for you, where the atmosphere

34、 of the garden appeared to total more than the sum(总和) of its parts? 36 _. But it doesnt happen by accident. It starts with looking inside yourself and understanding who you are with respect to the natural world and how you approach the gardening process.37 _Some people may think that a garden is no

35、 more than plants, flowers, patterns and masses of color. Others are concerned about using gardening methods that require less water and fewer fertilizers(肥料). 38 _. However, there are a number of other reasons that might explain why you want to garden. One of them comes from our earliest years.Reca

36、ll(回忆)your childhood memoriesOur model of what a garden should be often goes back to childhood. Grandmas rose garden and Dads vegetable garden might be good or bad, but thats not whats important. 39 _-how being in those gardens made us feel. If youd like to build a powerful bond with your garden, st

37、art by taking some time to recall the gardens of your youth. 40 _Then go outside and work out a plan to translate your childhood memories into your grown-up garden. Have fun.A. Know why you gardenB. Find a good place for your own gardenC. Its our experience of the garden that mattersD. Its delightfu

38、l to see so many beautiful flowersE. Still others may simply enjoy being outdoors and close to plantsF. You can produce that kind of magical quality in your own garden, tooG. For each of those gardens, writer down the strongest memory you have 8【2016全国卷III】根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Ev

39、eryone knows that fish is good for health. 16 _ But it seems that many people dont cook fish at home. Americans eat only about fifteen pounds of fish per person per year, but we eat twice as much fish in restaurants as at home. Buying, storing, and cooking fish isnt difficult. 17 _This text is about

40、 how to buy and cook fish in an easy way.18 _ Fresh fish should smell sweet: you should feel that youre standing at the oceans edge. Any fishy or strong smell means the fish isnt fresh. 19 _When you have bought a fish and arrive home, youd better store the fish in the refrigerator if you dont cook i

41、t immediately, but fresh fish should be stored in your fridge for only a day or two. Frozen fish isnt as tasty as the fresh one.Therearemanycommonmethodsusedtocookfish.20 _First, cleanitandseasonitwithyourchoiceofspices.Putthewholefishonaplateandsteamitinasteampotfor8to10minutesifitweighsaboutonepou

42、nd.(Alargeronewilltakemoretime.) Then, itsreadytoserve.A. Donotbuyit.B. Theeasiestistosteamit.C. Thisishowyoucandoit.D. Itjustrequiresalittleknowledge.E. Thefishwillgobadwithinhours.F. Whenbuyingfish, youshouldfirstsmellit.G. Thefatsinfisharethoughttohelppreventheartdisease.9【2016北京卷】根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选

43、项中选出正确的填入空白处。选项中有两项为多余选项。The Science of Risk-SeekingSometimes We decide that a little unnecessary danger is worth it because when we weigh the risk and the reward, the risk seems worth taking. 71 _ Some of us enjoy activities that would surprise and scare the rest of us. Why? Experts say it may have

44、 to do with how our brains work.The reason why any of us take any risks at all might have to do with early humans. Risk-takers were better at hunting, fighting, or exploring. 72 _As the quality of Risk-taking was passed from on ration to the next, humans ended up with a sense of adventure and a tole

45、rance for risk.So why arent we all jumping out of airplanes then? Well, even 200,000 years ago, too much risk-taking could get one Killed. A few daring survived, though, along with a few stay-in-the-cave types. As a result, humans developed a range of character types that still exists today. So mayb

46、e you love car racing, or maybe you hate it. 73 _No matter where you are on the risk-seeking range, scientists say that your willingness to take risks increases during your teenage years. 74 _ To help you do that, your brain increases your hunger for new experiences. New experiences often mean takin

47、g some risks, so your brain raises your tolerance for risk as well.Mean taking some risks, so your brain raisers your tolerance for risk as well.75 _ For the risk-seekers a part of the brain related to pleasure becomes active, while for the rest of us, a part of the brain related to fear becomes act

48、ive.As experts continue to study the science of risk-seeking, well continue to hit the mountains, the waves or the shallow end of the pool.A. It all depends on your character.B. Those are the risks you should jump to take.C. Being better at those things meant a greater chance of survival.D. Thus, th

49、ese well-equipped people survived because they were the fittest.E. This is when you start to move away from your family and into the bigger world.F. However, we are not all using the same reference standard to weigh risks and rewards.G. New brain research suggests our brains work differently when we

50、 face a nervous situation.10【2016四川卷】根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Both men and women are living longer these days in industrialized countries. 36_ In general, they can expect to live six or seven years more than men. One reason for this is biological.One important biological factor that

51、helps women live longer is the difference in hormones between men and women. 37 _ Between the ages of about 12 and 50, women produce hormones that are involved in fertility(生育能力). These hormones also have a positive effect on the heart and blood flow. In fact, women are less likely to have high bloo

52、d pressure or to die from heart attacks.38_Theyhelpthebodydefenditselfagainstsomekindsofinfections.Thismeansthatwomengenerallygetsicklessoftenandlessseriouslythanmen.Thecommoncoldisagoodexample:women,onaverage,getfewercoldsthanmen.39_Scientistsarestillnotexactlysurehowgenesinfluenceaging,buttheybeli

53、evethattheydo.Somethinkthatawomansbodycellshaveatendency(倾向）to agemoreslowlythanamans. Others think that a mans body cells have a tendency toagemorequickly. 40 _A However,women,onaverage,livelonger.B.Thebiologicalfactorplaysanimportantpart.C.Womenarealsohelpedbytheirfemalegenes.D.Thefemalehormonesal

54、soprotectthebodyinanotherway.E.Recentresearchseemstosupportbothofthesepossibilities.F.Therefore,womenaremorehealthythanmenandcanliveabetterlife.G.Hormonesarechemicalswhichareproducedbythebodytocontrolvariousbodyfunctions.11【2015全国卷I】根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。Building Trust in a Relati

55、onship Again Trust is a learned behavior that we gain from past experiences.36 _Trust is a risk. But you cant be successful when theres a lack of trust in a relationship that results from an action where the wrongdoer takes no responsibility to fix the mistake. Unfortunately, weve all been victims of betrayal. Whether weve been stolen from, lied to , misled, or cheated on, there are di