2020人教版英语高考一轮复习：课时提升作业十七必修4Unit2

1、温馨提示:此套题为 WordWord 版，请按住 Ctrl,Ctrl,滑动鼠标滚轴，调节合适的观看 比例，答案解析附后。关闭 WordWord 文档返回原板块。课时提升作业十七必修4 Unit 2 Working the land（限时35分钟）I阅读理解AWhen we thi nk about endan gered species, we typically think ofmammals such as whales, tigers or pan das. But the over 5,500 of mammal species on Earth is a relativelypoor

2、 nu mber and it pales in comparis on with bacteria, ofwhich there are at least a millio n differe nt species.Despite their vast numbers, little research has been done to understand theimpact that modern human practices have on these tiny organisms （生物） , which havean importa nt in flue nee on many a

3、spects of our lives.There are also reas ons for con cer n over the way huma ns are affect ingbacterial species, and in many cases we are causing the same type of problems thataffect larger organisms. Bacterial population structures are definitely changing, andbacterial species are being tra nsported

4、 to new locati ons. Perhaps some bacteria areeve n on their way to ext in cti on, although we dont really have enou ghrrrndti on tobe certa in yet.Why should we care if bacteria are being spread to new places? Besides the-i -obvious potential for spreading diseases to humans, animals and crops, ther

5、e are alsohidden dangers.Microorganisms are invisible to the naked eye, so we tend to ignore them anddont necessarily appreciate their role in how the planet operatesB. acteria are veryimportant to biogeochemistrythe cycling of nutrition and other chemicals throughecosystems. For instance, before hu

6、mans invented a way to make fertilizer industrially,every single nitrogen（氮）atom in our proteins and DNA had to be chemically caughtby a bacterial cell before it could be taken in by plants and then enter the human foodchain. The oxygen we breathe is largely made by microorganisms in the oceans rath

7、erthan mainly by rainforests, as is opposite to common belief.Our effects on bacteria have the potential to change these basic bacterialfunctions. It is vital to gain a better understanding of how humans are affectingmicroorganisms distribution, their abundance, and their life-keeping processes.Alth

8、ough bacteria are invisible, we overlook them at our own risk.【文章大意】这篇文章主要讲了细菌的作用,以及很多细菌成了濒危物种。1. What can be learned about the bacteria according to the text?A. Their population is becoming larger.B. Some of them may become endangered species.C. They only cause great threat to other creatures.D. Mu

9、ch attention has been drawn to their researches.【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第一段内容可知一些细菌也成为了濒危物种。2. What was the first step of the cycling of a nitrogen atom before entering our body?- 2 -A. Being caught by a bacterial cell.B. Entering the human food chain.C. Being transported by humans.D. Being taken in by plant

10、s.【解析】 选A。 细节理解题。 由第五段every single nitrogen atom in our proteins and DNAhad to be chemically caught by a bacterial cell before it could be taken in by plants andthen enter the human food chain.可知氮原子在进入我们的身体之前,首先要被细菌细胞抓住。3. Where is the majority of oxygen produced according to the text?A. In the huma

11、n food chain.B. In the rainforest.C. In the mountains.D. In the oceans.【解析】 选D。细节理解题。由第五段The oxygen we breathe is largely made bymicroorganisms in the oceans rather than mainly by rainforests, as is opposite tocommon belief.可知大部分氧气是由海洋中的微生物产生的。4. Which part of the newspaper is the text probably take

12、n from?A. Science and technology.B. Health and medicine.C. Agriculture and animals.D. Environment and energy.【解析】选A。推理判断题。这篇文章主要讲了细菌的作用，以及很多细菌成了 濒危物种,所以这篇文章最可能出现在报纸的科技板块。【知识拓展】 长难句分析Despite their vast numbers, little research has been done to understand the impact- 3 -that modern human practices hav

13、e on these tiny organisms, which have an importa ntin flue nee on many aspects of our lives.翻译：尽管它们数目众多，但是很少有调查去研究现在人们的行为会对这些微 小的生物的影响，而这会对我们人类生活的很多方面起着至关重要的作用。分析:本句的主干是little research has been done to understand the impact,that弓丨 导限定性定语从句修饰前面的impact, which引导非限定性定语从句修饰前面 整个句子。BOur mother earth is go

14、ing through a very tough situation and we, the entire humanrace, are destroying our environment or unconsciously without even realizing itsconsequences. Now we have to act very smartly and plan something to sustain whatwe still have, getting all necessary support from nature to lead healthy lives.Ga

15、rdening is always an excellent and environmentally friendly idea. If you can gofor susta in able garde ning, the n it will be eve n more useful for all. Garde ning is afavorite hobby for many. It is time to channelize your hobby towards a more meaningful motivatio n.When we do gardening we need to u

16、se different ingredients to grow plants. Someof them are natural resources like water, soil, sunshine, and many things like these.Using these resources smartly is a part of susta in able garde ning. Some simpletechniques include: use less water and organic things to grow plants; try to store rainwat

17、er so that you can use them for garde ning; try using less en ergy to drive devices;avoid using plastics in any form while garde ning; reuse the leaves-4 - 6 -from your garden to fertilize them. These are the basic sustainable measures. To do sowe need to have proper knowledge about gardening and it

18、s requirements so that we canuse proper resources without wasting any of them.In todaybsusy life we dongt et much time to spend on our environment.Gardening gives us a chance to do so. We can also have some pesticide-free and freshfood if we grow them in our garden. This is the right time to do some

19、 good to protect ourown environment and gardening is one of the easiest ways.Do you want to startgardening, but yourenot sure how? Click here: http: /www. gardenhowto. com.【文章大意】 本文重点介绍怎样合理利用资源发展园艺,不浪费资源,不产生对 环境有害的物质,从而保护地球。5. What does the underlined word“channelize”in Paragraph 2 refer to?A. Cause

20、. B. Transform. C. Direct. D. Associate.【解析】选C。词义猜测题。本句中channelize来源于channel渠道，频道”根据后半句towards a more.可知，channelize为 指导，导向”的意思，故选C。6. Which of the following belongs to a sustainable measure?A. Using advanced electrical machines.B. Avoiding fertilizers.C. Watering plants with collected rainwater.D. C

21、learing away the leaves.【解析】 选C。细节理解题。根据第三段try to store rain water so that you can use themfor gardening可知，使用存储的雨水来浇灌植物，是属于可持续发展的措施，- 7 -故选C7. What is the benefit of sustainable gardening?A. It requires little water.B. It needs no fertilizer.C. It breaks up plastics.D. It doesnt waste any resource.【

22、解析】 选D。 细节理解题。 根据第三段To do so we need to have proper knowledge aboutgardening and its requirements so that we can use proper resources without wasting anyof them.可知,用这样的方法,可以合理利用资源,不浪费资源,故 选D。8. Where is the passage probably taken from?A. A newspaper.B. The Internet.C. A guidebook.D. A science report

23、.【解析】选B。推理判断题。根据最后一段Click here: http: /www. .可知,本文来源于网站,故选B。【知识拓展】 难句解读To do so we need to have proper knowledge about gardening and its requirements sothat we can use proper resources without wasting any of them.翻译:要想做到这一点,我们需要对园艺和它的要求有所了解,只有这样我们才 能做到不浪费资源,合理利用资源。分析：本句是so that引导的目的状语从句，主句中To do so为

24、目的状语。II .完形填空-8 -Isnt it amazgnhow you never have to water your weeds or nurture培育）them andthey still give you an unwan ted crop?I can remember as a young boy my gran dfather showed me how to 1 this annoyingweed called Bermuda grass. It was 2 stuff and it would really_3if you didnt get it out bythe4

25、 .Whe n my wife and I bought our first home about 8 years ago, what I had to deal withthis is this certain part weeds 5 to the Bermuda grass, which would also spread wildly.After gett ing the in side of our home 6, it was time to work on the outside.On my handsand knees I 7attacked the weeds with a

26、small hand spadegett ing each one 8 by the roots.Just this Spring I realized that one particular weed was no Ion ger 9 but another onewas in full 10 . So again, I got down on my hands and knees and got to work 11 them frommy yard. When I was 12 , my yard was better off.Sometimes our life can be so s

27、imilar. We all have weeds in our life. These weedscan be challenges, setbacks, or 13 beliefs, and the list can be 14 .Whe n deali ng with these weeds of 15 , the 16 is to get to the root of them andremove them one by one out and eve ntually you will 17 this round. And whe n ano thercrop of weeds 18,

28、 deal with them directly 19 theyspread, because now that you know what to do with them by getting to the root of it, it willgive you more courage and 20 the n ext time a problem arises up.- 9 -【文章大意】 本文是一篇夹叙夹议类短文阅读。文章主要讲述了作者自己铲除 杂草的经历,引申到我们如何铲除我们人生中的杂草。1. A. eat upB. dig upC. break upD. put up【解析】选B

29、。根据后句It was_ stuff and it would really_ if youdidnt get it out by th_e_ .提示可知祖父给我示范如何铲除一种叫百慕大草的讨厌杂草。dig up把.挖出来，铲除，符合语境。2. A. powerfulB. poisonousC. sensitiveD. terrible【解析】选D。根据前句中的this annoying weed讨厌的杂草”可知，这种草是种很可怕的(terrible)东西。C. fundamentalD. unknown3. A. spreadB. succeedC. withdrawD. compromis

30、e【解析】选A。根据后句if you didnt get it可知如果你不斩草除根，它就会逐渐蔓延(spread开来。4. A. leavesB. handsC. spadesD. roots【解析】 选D。根据后文attacked the weeds with a small hand spade getting each oneby the roots.直接找到答案,这里指斩草除根(root)。5. A. attractiveB. similar- 10 -【解析】 选B。根据后句which would also spread wildly.提示可知，这一大片杂草简直可以与那时候的百慕大草

31、相似(similar)6. A. countedB. mendedC. appreciatedD. settled【解析】 选D。根据后句it was time to work on the outside.该清理外面了。可 知我们处理(settle)好屋子的内部。7. A. energeticallyB. unsuccessfullyC. curiouslyD. thankfully【解析】选A。根据前句On my hands and knees可知，作者很积极地铲草。句 意:我跪在地上不知疲倦地(energetically),用一个小手铲把所有的杂草连根除 掉。8. A. insideB.

32、 outC. offD. across【解析】选B。根据前文It was_ stuff and it would really_ if youdidnt get it out by th_e_ .提示可以直接选出答案。这里指作者用小铲将每一根杂草连根拔掉。get sth. out把事物弄出来，即拔起。9. A. usefulB. dynamicC. differentD. common【解析】 选D。根据后句but another one was in full_.可知，作者发觉其中一种杂草已经难寻踪影即不常见(commo n)了。10. A. forceB. lengthC. detailD

33、. vain【解析】 选A。 短语in full force充分发挥威力。 这里指另一种杂草已经铺天盖地。故选A。11. A. collectingB. attendingC. ridding- 9 -D. distinguishing- 13 -【解析】选C。根据前句So again, I got down on my hands and knees可知,我又一次跪在地上开始了我的除(rid)草护园的行动。12. A. worn-outB. accustomedC. finishedD. introduced【解析】 选C。根据后句my yard was better off.可知，除元(f

34、inish)早后作者的院子变利落了13. A. familiarB. religiousC. pastD. negative【解析】 选D。negative beliefs指消极的想法。这些杂早有可能是挑战、挫折、消极的想法。14. A. reasonableB. endlessC. normalD. uncertain【 解 析 】 选B。 根 据 前 句These weeds can be challenges, setbacks, or_beliefs,可知,这个清单不止是这些,可能是无穷无尽的(endless)。15. A. lifeB. schoolC. houseD. factor

35、y【解析】 选A。根据前文Sometimes our life can be so similar.提示可知这里指对付这些人生(life)中的杂草。16. A. progressB. solutionC. disadvantageD. permission【解析】 选B。根据前句可知，这里指对付人生中的杂草的解决(solution)方法是逐一斩草除根。17. A. interruptB. memorizeC. conquerD. recognize- 14 -【解析】 选C。 根据句中eventually最终”的提示可知，这里是指最终征服（conquer）它。18. A. shows upB.

36、 shows offC. takes upD. takes【解析】 选A。根据后句deal with them directly_they spread,可知，女口果出现(show up)了另一种杂草。19. A. unlessB. even ifC. beforeD. so that【解析】 选C。根据后句because now that you know what to do with them by getting tothe root of it,可知，要在杂草没蔓延之前(before)立即处理掉。20. A. impressionB. motivationC. wisdomD. sa

37、tisfaction【解析】选C。根据前面的courage提示可知，你就有更多的勇气和智慧(wisdom)来解决了。【知识拓展】 长难句分析When my wife and I bought our first home about 8 years ago, what I had to deal with thisis this certain part weeds similar to the Bermuda grass, which would also spread wildly.翻译:当我和妻子在大约八年前买第一套房子时,我必须要处理的就是一片杂 草,这一大片杂草简直可以与那时候的百慕

38、大草很相似,繁殖的很快。分析:本句中when引导时间状语从句, what引导主语从句, similar to theBermuda grass修饰前面的weeds, which would also spread wildly为非限定式定 语从句修饰weeds。- 15 -m.语法填空阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。My father always had a garden. He once found a plot even when we lived in thehouse with someone else. They always 1. _ (appreciate) the vegetables heprovided in exchange 2. _ his use of the garden plot. The vegetables werevery important to our food supply but he 3. _(probable) would hav