5.语法及综合填空

1、B) (2019湖南衡阳)综合填空。阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词或填入括号中 所给单词的正确形式。(共10小题，计10分)Frie nds are important to every one, 51, some people may have trouble 52(keep) their friendships. Here re some tips on how to make your friefi3ship (deep) andstro nger. Be yourself. A lot of tee ns try not to lose the frien dsh ip onc

2、e they become friends with somepeople. Though your identity( 身份)is always changing, some of your personality will stay pretty much 54 same. Find out 55those thi ngs are, think hard about who you want tobe, and then show yourself 56 ( honest) to the people around you. Avoid goss ip(八圭卜).Frie nds shou

3、ld n dtp read rumors(谣言)about other frien ds. If you ve heard something bad about your friends, 57 (find) a proper way of asking them about itby 58 (you). If you rot sure how to talk to them about it, ask a trusted friend for advice. Protect your friends. Very often, somebody that you renot close to

4、 doubts one of your59( friend). It s impofiitacnbto both sides of the story, but its also a good chanee toshow your friend that you trust him by tell ing him. Return the care. There are times whe n a frie nd will le nd you a textbook, or a shoulder to cry on. A good friend will cheer you up when yo

5、u re in trouble and listen patiently when your friend shares a p roblem 60 you. Be sure you are as helpful as your friend, because he will take no tice and feel good.体裁说明文话题交友词数267【主旨大意】对于我们每个人来说，朋友很重要。但有些人在与别人保持友谊关系时会遇到 麻烦。本文作者主要讲述了保持友谊更深刻和更牢固的方法。【答案】51. however52. kee ping53. dee per54. the55. whe

6、re56. hon esty57. find58. yourself/yourselves59. friends60. with【解析】51. however由important和trouble等可判断，上下句为转折关系；再由所填写词后的逗号可判断，这里用however填写。52. keeping have trouble doing sth.意为 做某事有麻烦”，为固定搭配。stay the same 保持不变 ”。 where。53. dee per由句中的and stro nger可知，这里用 deep的比较级 dee per填写。54. the人的身份可能会变化，但性格不易变化。hon

7、est 的名称为 honesty.55. where找出这些事情来自什么地方。故填写56. honesty动词show后跟双宾语；故这里用名词填写。形容词57. find这里为祈使句，故用动词原形填写。58. yourself/yourselves by on eself 亲自”，为固定搭配。you 的反身代词为yourself 或yourselves。friends。59. friends one of后用可数名词的复数形式。故填写with。60. with share sth. with sb.和某人分享某物 ”为固定搭配。故填写介词(2019山东济宁)五、语法填空(共10小题，计10分)

8、阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。A (2019 东济宁)As we all know, Wang Xua n was a very famous compu ter scie ntist and inven tor in the world. He is famous 1the Chin ese Lan guage Laser typ esett ing (激光照排系统).Laser typesetting for Chinese Ianguage was a serious problem for scientists all over the world.

9、But Wang Xua n was not afraid to try new tech no logy. Although he 2 (fail) many times, he n ever gave up. He is believed to be the 3 (important) devel oper in printing Chin ese after Bi Sheng. Now, Wang Xuan s amazing inve4tion (use) all over the world.Wang Xuan s story teaches us that a person 5 (

10、follow) his own dream and try his best to make it come true.体裁记叙文话题：1.个人情况词数117话题：22.科普知识与现代技术话题：23. (81)著名人物【主旨大意】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了世界著名计算机科学家和发明家王轩以及他的著名的汉字激光打印，被认为是继毕昇之后印刷中文的重要开发者。王轩的故事告诉我们， 一个人追随自己的梦想，并尽力去实现它。答案：1. for 2. had failed 3. most important 4. is (be ing) used 5. should follow1. for【解析】他以

11、汉语激光打字而闻名。be famous for因而著名。2. had failed【解析】尽管他失败了多次，但他从不放弃。gave up是一般过去时，在此之前发生的动作应用过去完成时。3. most important【解析】他被认为是继毕胜之后印刷中文最重要的开发者。“ thc+形容词最高级 +名词最的；后面的介词短语 in printing Chi nese after Bi She ng表示比较范围。invention是动作use的4. is (being) used【解析】现在，王轩的惊人发明正在世界各地使用。 承受对象，应用一般现在时或现在进行时的被动语态。5. should fol

12、low【解析】王轩的故事告诉我们，一个人应该追随自己的梦想，并尽力去实现 它。(2019山东枣庄)第一节 语法填空(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分) 阅读下面材料，并填空。有的答案要填入适当的内容，有的答案要用括号内单词的正确形式，但每个答案不多于3个单词。One of the world most dangerous sports is mountain climbing, and one of the41popu lar pl aces for this is the Himalayas. The Himalayas42 (run) along the southwester npar

13、t of China. Of all the mountains, Qomola ngma rises the highest and is the most famous. 43is 8,844.43 meters high and so is very 44 (da nger) to climb. It is very hard to take in air as you get n ear the top.46 first woma n toThe first Chi nese team 45 (reach) the top in 1960, while succeed was Junk

14、o Tabei from Japan in 1975.Why do so many climbers risk their lives? One of the main 47 (reas on) is that people want to challe nge themselves 48 of difficulties. The sp irit of these climbers shows us that we should never give up 49 (try) to achieve our dreams. It also shows that humans 50 (be) str

15、onger than the forces of nature in some situation.体裁：说明话题：20.自然词数：154文话题：（69）山川与河流From: htt ps:/we 【主旨大意】 本文是一篇说明文。 文章主要介绍了世界上最危险的山 一一喜马拉雅山，世界 第一高峰一一珠穆朗玛峰。通过列举事实及数据，了解登山者的探险精神和成就。 这个事实 告诉我们：人类有时比自然的力量更强大。the face【解析】4l. most 42. run 43. It 44. dan gerous 45. reached 46. the 47. reaso ns 48. in 49. t

16、rying 50. can/may be41. most形容词最高级形式。42. run【解析】run along延伸，The Himalayas作主语，在一般现在时中用原形43. It【解析】指代上文 Qomolangma，用it作主语，位于句首，首字母应该大写，故填44. da ngerous【解析】此处是系表结构，用形容词解析】 one of the +最高级 +名词复数，意为“之一”， popular前力口 the most,dan gerous。run。It。【答案】第9页共27页reached,故填 reached。45. reached【解析】由in 1960可知，用一般过去时，

17、reach的过去式是故填 reasons 问题等）”。故填 trying。46. the【解析】序数词前，用定冠词the。47. reasons【解析】one of后接复数名词或代词，意为“之一”，48. in the face【解析】in the face of为固定用法，意为面对（困难、49. trying【解析】give up放弃，后面用动词-ing形式，为固定搭配，50. can/may be【解析】这里表示推测可能是”，故填can/may be。（2019山东淄博）四、语法填空（共10小题，满分10分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当内容（不多于3个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。（20

18、19 山东淄博）Ernest Hemingway, the son of a doctor and a music teacher, was born in 1899 in Oak Park, Illi no is. Hemin gway 3g fa（toch） him early on how to hunt and fish,two activities Hemin gway loved throughout his life.In stead of 38_go） to college, Hemin gway became a rep orter for the kan sas City

19、Star. Later, in Europe, he worked as a driver _39_ the Italian army until he was wounded and shippedhome, where he again wrote for newspapers. Two years 40 , he moved to Paris, where he hoped to improve his writing. There he became friends with other 41 (America) writers, in cludi ng Gertrude Stein

20、and F.Scott Fitzgerald.Hemin gway deve loped 42style of writ ing that was simple and direct. He chose wordssparingly(俭省地),avoided using adjectives, and trusted the reader to understand the _43 (mean) of his writing. As he put it, “ Ialways try 44 (write) on the principle(原则) of the iceberg(冰山).There

21、 is seven eighths of it under water for every part that shows. ” This style con ti nues to in flue nee writers today .In his career( 生涯),which lasted some 40 years, Hemin gway earned the Pulitzer Prize and the Nobel Prize. He was one of the finest writers of the _45 (twe nty) cen tury.For a while Er

22、n est Hemin gway lived in Key West , Florida, where he had n early 50 cats. One of them was a cat with six toes( 脚趾),which a ship s captain had given him. Today his Key West home is a museum, and many cats still live there. Some of them are 46 (child) of Hemingway six-toed cat. Hemingway was married

23、 four times and had three sons. He died in 1961.体裁：记叙文话题:话题:话题:1个人情况23著名人物24作家词数：296【主旨大意】本文为一篇记叙文。文章按照时间顺序，讲述了著名作家海明威”一生的经历。37. taught【解析】考查动词时态。由上下文提供的语境可知，指的是海明威小时候爸爸教他 狩猎和捕鱼，且上下文均为一般过去时，故填所给词的一般过去时形式。38. go ing【解析】考查非谓语动词。in stead of为介词短语，其后接动词时，需接动词ing形式，故填going。39. for【解析】考查动介搭配。句意：在受伤被运送回国之前，

24、海明威作为一名司机为意大利军队工作。由句意可知，所填词应表示工作的对象，应用介词for，work for意为为工作”。两年后，他搬家去了巴黎，希望在那40.later【解析】考查副词。由上下文可知，此处意为 儿能提升他的写作。”故填时间副词later。writers,故需41. American【解析】考查形容词。由句干可知，所给词需作前置定语修饰名词将其转换为形容词形式，故填American。42. a【解析】考查冠词。句意：海明威发展了一种简单又直接的写作风格。由句意可知，此 处应填不定冠词a来修饰可数名词style，意为 一种风格”。43. meaning【解析】考查名词。句意：他选词俭

25、省，避免使用形容词，相信他的读者们能理解他的作品里的意义。由句意可知，所填词意为意义，意思”故填mean对应的名词形式meaning, the meaning of sth. 意为 .的意思 /义”44. to write【解析】考查非谓语动词。动词try后既可接不定式，意为尽力做某事”；也可接动名词，意为 尝试做某事”。而根据句意：我总是尽量基于冰山原则来写作可知，应填不定 式结构，故填to write。“20世纪”名词世纪前应用45. twentieth【解析】考查序数词。由句意可知，填空处指的是 序数词来修饰，故填 twentieth。46. children【解析】考查名词复数。由设空

26、前的主语谓语均为复数可知，应填所给词的复数 形式，故填children。四、语法填空(本题有10小题，每小题 1分，共计10分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。(2019 浙江嘉兴)A group of boys were playing basketball in the park. The playground was great, 46 there was no fen ce(栅栏)around it. If one boy missed the ball, some one had to catch it at once, so it woul

27、dn t go too far away.47 (head) of all theOne boy threw the ball too hard and it flew like a rocket over the other boys and kept on flying.Anna was sitting nearby and watching the ducks swim in the river. Suddeniy, she48 (hear)some shouti ng and turned to see a big, orange object coming towards 49 (s

28、he).“ stop the ball, ” one of them shouted.The ball la nded close to the river. The ducks flew away quickly.Anna opened her arms, just in time 50 (st op) the ball as it was going to fall into the river.“ Could you p lease bring it over there?” as51d dpelbeyAnna walked to them with the ball. She was

29、n ervous because the boys were 52(old) tha nher. However, they were very nice and tha nked her 53sav ing the ball.“ Can I jo in you? ” Anna asked.The boy agreed, but they were not sure 54 she could throw the ball eve n close to the basket.Anna took the ball and the n had 55 try. The boys watched in

30、sur prise as the ball went straight into the basket. Anna smiled as the boys cheered loudly for her.本文主要介绍了一群孩子在打篮球，但 球飞走了，被一个女孩子接住了，这位 有没有这个实力，【主旨大意】本文是一篇记叙文，话题是关于运动。 是没有栅栏，很容易飞出操场。一个男孩因太用力， 女孩子也想加入这团队，但男孩子们想让她试下， 球。46. but句意：操场很大，但是没有栅栏。两者表示转折关系，故用47. heads句意：一个男孩扔球太狠，它像火箭样飞过其他孩子的头， 是很多男孩，故用复数。48.

31、 heard句意：突然，她听到某人在尖叫，转身看到一个大的，橙色的物体冲向她。由turned 要向过去式，hear的过去式是 heard。故答案是 heard。49. her考查代词动词，she的宾格为her,介词towards后要跟her。50. to stop句意：安娜张开双臂，及时地阻止了球掉入河中。考查动词的不定式，两个动词之间，用不定式表示。故答案是to stop。51. Politely句意：你能带它来这儿吗？其中一个孩子有礼貌的问。考查副词， 形式，为politely,表示礼貌地”，应用politely。52. older句意：因为男孩子都比她大，她感到不安。考查比较级，由 比较

32、级older。故答案是 older。53. for句意：无论如何，他们很好，然后感谢她捡到这个球。事，固定词组。故答案是for。54. if/ whether句意：孩子同意了，但他们不确定是否她能够把球扔到最近的篮球框里。考 查宾语从句，if/whether表示是否，从句为一个一般疑问句。55. a句意：安娜拿到这个球，然后试了试。Have a try试一试。固定搭配，故答案是结果，她成功了进了一but。然后继续飞。Other boyspolite的副词than可知，要用old的Thanks for doing sth.感谢做某a。体裁：记叙文话题：6.个人兴趣词数：245话题：16.体育与赛

33、事五、(2019浙江金华、丽水)语法填空(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。Do you play Ant Forest? It is 61 on li ne game on Ali pay (支付宝).P layers 62(collect) energy by doing something environmentally-friendly. They can grow and water 63 (they) own trees with the energy.64the tree are big eno ugh,

34、 Ali pay with some other companies will plant real trees in the desert(沙漠) area of Chi na. Every yearmillio ns of trees_65(p la nt) in this way.This is part of Chinas tree-planting program. It hopes66(stop)the desert frombeco ming larger. Si nee 1978, Chi na has plan ted over 66 billio n trees67the

35、no rth. It isknown as the Great Gree n Wall. For exa mple, Saiha nba in Hebei Province was once a desert, 68now it has become the biggest man-made forest in China.Ch ina is making the world much69(gree n) tha n before. It sets a good exa mple and hasmany70(less on) to share with the world,said the U

36、n ited Nati ons Environment Program.体裁说明文话题文娱体育词数12761.an62.collect 63.their64.When/lf65.are planted66.to stop67.in 68.but69. gree ner70.l ess ons【主旨大意】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍支付宝的蚂蚁森林，如果支付宝上的树足够，支付宝就会和其他一些公司将在中国的沙漠地区种植真正的树，这样让世界更绿。61. an句意：这是 在线支付宝游戏。中心词game是可数名词单数，online是以元音音an。素开头的单词，此处用 an泛指一个，故填62. collect

37、句意：玩家通过做一些环保的事情来收集 语动词，讲述客观事实用一般现在时，主语为复数，故填63. their句意：他们可以用能量”来生长和浇灌自己的修饰名词trees ”64. When/lf 句意：当 树”足够大时（如果树足够大） 漠地区种植真正的树。根据语境可知，此处可理解为 挑战状语从句，句首大写，故填能量”。分析句子结构可知此处缺少谓collect O树”。此处用形容词性物主代词their,支付宝将与其他公司一起在中国的沙 when引导的时间状语从句或if弓I导的Whe n/If。65. are pla nted句意：每年都有数以百万计的树木以这种方式种植。树与种植之间是被动关系，被种植

38、；根据语境可知要用一般现在时，主语为复数，故填are pla nted。66. to stop句意：它希望阻止沙漠变大。hope to do sth.意为 希望做某事”，动词不定式作宾语， 故填 to sto p。67.in 句意：自1978年以来，中国在北方种植了660多亿棵树。in the north在北方，固定搭配，故填in。68. but句意：例如，河北省塞罕坝曾经是一片沙漠， 现在已经成为中国最大的人工林。根据句意可知，前后存在转折关系，中间无“ ”，故填buto69. greener句意：中国正在使世界变得比以前更加环保。由句中than可知要用比较级，故填gree ner。less

39、 on是可70.lessons句意：它树立了一个很好的榜样，有许多经验教训可以与世界分享。 数名词，由many可知要用复数形式，故填lessons .五、语法填空（本题有10小题，每小题I分，共计10分）（2019浙江宁波）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。(2019 浙江宁波)An old man went to India. When he got there, he saw some fruit for sale, but most of it was very chea p. The 51(chea p) thi ng was a basket o

40、f red fruit.“ How much per kilo? ” the old man (ask).“ Two rupees卢比),” the shopkeeper answered. Two rupees in India is almost nothing, 53 the old man bought a whole kilogram and started eati ng it.However, as soon as he started eat ing, his mouth bega n 54 (bur n), his eyes bega n to water, and his

41、whole face became as red 55 the fruit. As he coughed and struggled to breathe, he jumped up and 56 , screaming:“ Ah! Ah! Ah! ”And yet he continued to the fruit. Some people who were looking at him shook their 57(head) and said, “ You are crazy! Those are chili pep辣椒(! You can t just eat them by the

42、han dful! ”The old man said to 58(he),“I p aid for them, so I must eat them.This old man seemed p retty stup id. But are we so much smarter? All of us have 59(spend)money and time on somethi ng maybe a relatio nship, or a bus in ess, or a job and sometimes, even if we know there s no hope that thing

43、s will change, we still continue with it.What we can learn60 the old man is this: if you vlost a lot over something thatdoesn t work, let it go and move on. It s better than continuing to lose.体裁：记叙文话题：24.故事词数250【答案】51. chea pest 52. asked56. dow n 57. heads【解析】【主旨大意】本文是一篇记叙文。54. to burn/burning 55.

44、 as58. himself 59. spent60. from53. so一位老人在印度买了一千克红辣椒大吃起来,结果辣得他上蹿下跳，周围之人捧腹大笑。短文告诉我们：有舍才有得！51. cheapest由上句中表范围的most of it was very cheap可推知，大部分水果都很便宜，但最便宜的是一篮红水果。名词thing前面应用形容词作定语，故此处应填形容词最高级cheapest52. asked 由第1段第1句An old man went to India.可知，本文讲述的是过去的一个故事，故此处应用动词的一般过去时态作谓语。故填动词过去式askedo53. so 分析句子结

45、构可知，前半句 Two rupees in India is almost nothing 表原因，空格后面的the old man bought a whole kilogram and started eating it 表结果，前后句之间是前因后果 关系，故此处应用连词 so表因果关系。54. to burn/burning begin to do/doing sth.开始做某事，是固定搭配。故填动词不定式to burn或动名词 burning。55. as本句是“ as + 形容词或副词原形+ as结构，意为 和一样”，表比较。故填连词as。56. downdown。57. heads

46、heads。58. himselfup and down上上下下，是固定搭配。故填副词由前面的形容词性物主代词their可知，此处指的是他们的头”，故填复数名词say to on eself自言自语，是固定搭配。主语The old man是第二人称单数，故此处应填反身代词 himself。59. spent由前面的助动词 have可知，本句是现在完成时态，故此处应填动词spend的过去分词spent。60. from learn from sb.向某人学习，是固定搭配。故填介词from。（2019浙江衢州）六、语法填空（共10小题，每小题1分，共10分）阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法情况和上

47、下文连贯的要求，在空白处填入适当的词(2019 浙江衢州)It was our schoolchosen by the teacher this time althoughwould dance in front of all the stude nts andHowever, I was a bit sad 63或用括号中所给词的正确形式填空。每空不超过两词。s yearly dancing Ishov61（be） excited that I wasdidn hbve any experienee of dancing for a show. I62 （teacher）. It made

48、me very pro ud.my father had no time to watch me dance. He64(in vite) to have a bus in ess meeti ng. I knew that my father would surely come to my show ifhe could. 65 (lucky), my mother and my elder sister were still coming to watch my show.66 the beginning of the day, I was very nervous. After chan

49、ging into the dress and gett ing my make up don e, I felt 67 (relax). Then I went on to the stage bravely. I was very glad to see my mother and sister sitt ing in 68sec ond row.Just before the lights turned dark, I saw my father rush into the hall and take the seat beside my mother. 69 a pl easa nt

50、sur prise it was! The sight of my father made 70(I) smile. Ibega n dancing con fide ntly. Soon after the show, my family came backstage to con gratulate me. I was so happy and lucky to have my family s support.【答案】61. was 62. teachers 63. because/s in ce/as64. was in vited65. Luckily 66. At 67. rela

51、xed 68. the 69. What 70. me体裁：话题：2.家人和朋友词数209记叙文话题：4.学校活动话题：7.情感与情绪【主旨大意】本文是记叙文。本文介绍了作者被老师选中，代表班级参加学校的年度舞蹈赛，并最后大获成功。其获胜的原因除了作者自身的努力之外，还得益于作者家人的大力支持。连用的应61. was本文介绍的是作者参加学校舞蹈赛的经历，全文需要用一般过去时。与 是be动词的过去式 was。stude nts.此处也应62. teachers句意：我将在我所有的同学与老师们前跳舞。根据空格前的 该用teacher的复数形式，即 teaches然而，我63. because/si

52、 nce/as空格后的句意我父亲没有时间来看我跳舞是空格前的句意有点伤心”的原因，应用表示原因的连词。故答案是because/si nce/as64. was invited句意：他（指我父亲）被邀请去参加一次商业会议。句子的主语he与谓语动词invite存在被动关系，此处应用一般过去时的被动语态。故答案是was invited。65. Luckily根据后半句的句意：作者母亲与姐姐仍然会来观看作者的舞蹈，说明此处应用幸运地”。故答案是Luckily。66. At表示 在开始时”应用at the beginning of 。故答案是At,注意句首的第一个字母应该大写。67. relaxed 根

53、据前半句句意：换上连衣裙完成化妆后，可知此处句意是：我感到很放松。 与人连用，表示 放松的”应用relaxed。68. the表示在第二排”应用in the seco nd row ,序数词前没有物主代词修饰时，常用定冠 词the。故答案是the。69. What此处考查感叹句，去掉 it was，该句强调的是 a pleasant surprise，是名词短语，应用what引导感叹句。故答案是what。70. me句意是：我父亲的视线让我笑了起来。本题考查固定句型make sb (作宾语)+ adj.(作宾补)，此处应用I的宾格，即me。三、语法填空(本题有10小题，每小题1分；共计10分)

54、阅读下面的短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给的单词的正确形式。(2019 浙江台州 )The mountain was high and it was cold. Everything 61 (cover) by snow and ice and it was dan gerous. I shook in my tent as the storm tried 62 (kno ck) me back to the bottom. You will n ever make it to the top, every one said, no woma n has ever climbe

55、d this mountain and only a few people have done it by themselves. I was so con fide nt63I wouldbe the first woma n to climb up to the top of Whitmore, I had prep ared for several64(mon th).The wind had gotten much 65 (quiet) when I woke up the next morning.I climbed66_ of my tent and looked out at t

56、he mountain. Everything was white and still.“will make it tothe top today, I thought to _ 67_ (I).I started up the slope. My feet crun ched the snow with every ste p I took. It was a beautiful day. I was climb ing quickly, Soon I was going to reach the top. All of 68 sudde n, I sli pped (滑 至 U). I moved dow n the mountain, I was going slowly at first but the n I started to slide very fast. I started to turn around and around quickly, After what felt 69 forever, I