人教版八年级下册unit3单元知识点

1、1Un it3 Could you please clea n your room?Section A1. Peter ,could you pleasetake out the trash?彼得，你能把垃圾倒了吗？【解析 11Couldyou please do sth 请你（做）.好吗？用于提出请求，希望得到对方的肯定回答，说话的语气比较客气委婉。 Could 不是 can 的过去式，是委婉、礼貌的说法。回答用can.【常用答语】肯定回答：Sure./ Of course./ Certai nly./No problem.否定回答： Sorry , I can t【2013 湖北黄冈 31

2、40.Could I borrow your camera?_ ， but please give it back by Saturday.A. I am sorry B. Of course C. Certa inly not D. No, tha nks 【2013 山东菏泽 1】15.Sir , could you please put out your cigarette? This is a smoke-free （无烟的）school.A. Im sorry about this.B. No problemC. Sure, Id love toD. Never mind【2013

3、内蒙古呼和浩特】Tom , would you please_ the box? It rssfoteyouA. not open B. don t open C. not to openD. to not open【解析 21take out 取出（v+ adv）【注】：跟代词做宾语，代词放中间；跟名词做宾语，可放在中间，也可放在后边（）His teeth hurt badly. The dentist_.A .take out it B. take out them C. take it out D .take them out【短语】take out thetrash 倒垃圾 take

4、a walk 散步 take away 拿走，取走 take back 收回take place 发生 take off 脱下； 起飞The gift is in the box. You can takeJt out.Could you please_ 把垃圾倒了）？（）一 Lisa, we n eed to clea n the kitche n. Could you_the trash?-Yes, sure.A. take after B. take off C. take place D. take out（）_ your pen and write down what I m goi

5、ng to say.A. Take away B. Take off C. Take dow nD. Take out【2013 黑龙江大庆】6. You had better hurry or we ll be late for the plane. The His mother_ 洗碟子）in a restaura nt.pla ne will_ in a few min utes.A. take upB. take dow nC. take off2. Can youdo the dishes ?那你可以洗盘子吗？ do thedishes 洗碗 do the + 名词： do the

6、+ 动词-ing do one s名词 do some +动词-ingD. take away【结构1】【结构21【结构do the dishes/ la un dry 洗餐具 / 衣服do the clea ning 打扫卫生do one s housework/ homewo 做家务 /家庭作业do some readi ng/ shopp ing 读写书 / 购物2（） He helps his mother_after every meal.A. does the dishes B. do the dish C. do the dishes D. does the dish33. Co

7、uld I at least finish watching this show?至少让我看完这个节目可以吗? 【解析 11Could I do a sth?我可以做.吗？用于表达请求，语气比较委婉。Could I go out with my classmate this weeke nd?【解析 21at least 至少，多指数量或程度上的最低限度（反）at most 至少，不超过Now all of us exercise atA. the; aB.a; an【解析 31finish v 结束；leasthour a day and outside school.C.不填；a 完成D.

8、不填； anfinish doing sth 做完某事【2013 四川雅安 4】8.-Can you finishthese books before 10 oclock?-Yes, I can.A. to readB. readC. readsD. readi ng4. I thi nk two hours of TV is eno ugh for you!我觉得你看两个小时的电视已经足够了。【解析 1】two hours of TV_ 表示时间、距离、金额、度量等词语作主语时，通常被视作整体，谓 语动词用单数形式。How time is flies! Three years_ （be） r

9、eally a short time./ 作形容|足够的，充分的(在句中作定语或表语)*-【解析 21eno ughI don t have eno ugh money with me.作副词足够；充分(放在形容词；副词后)The river is deep eno ugh for swimmi ng.【记】 Mr. Smith has eno ugh money ,but he isn t kind eno ugh to help others.【注意】enough 修饰名词时，置于名词前；修饰形容词时，置于形容词之后。()In the old days ,people s didn t h

10、ave_ to eat.A. food eno ughB. eno ugh foodC.eno ugh for() You are not_to take part in the match. Please work hard and try toimprove yourself.A. good eno ughB. Eno ugh good C. well eno ugh5. Could you take out the rubbish,fold the clothes and do the dishes?你能把垃圾倒了。把衣服叠好，再把碗洗了吗？【解析】take out 拿出；取出take

11、的用法：Please take some books to the classroom.Take this medici ne three times a day.拿；取/y吃；喝；服用take乘（车；船等）4They usually take the bus to work.It takes me t花费ho时间；to金钱my homework every day.5【拓展】take 构成的短语：take a walk 去散步 take a rest 休息 take care of 照顾 take off 脱下；起飞 take up 占据take down 拿下 take one s tim

12、 不急; 慢慢来take one s tempera 量体温6. The mi nute I sat dow n in front of the TV, my mom came over.我刚坐在电视机前面，我妈妈就过来了。【解析 1】the minute = as soon as 一. 就.”Please write to me the minute you get there. 【解析 2】in front of指在物体外部的前面There is a bike in front of the classroom.Our teacher is standing in the front of

13、 the classroomThe policema n stood _ the car.（）At last the taxi stopped_ a tall build ing ,and we all got off.A. in front B. in the front C. in front of D. in the front of8. Do you know the girl_is sta nding_the tree?Yes, she is my frie nd, Zhang Ying.A. that, i n the front ofB. whom , un derC. who,

14、 in front ofD. which, beh ind【广西柳州】A dog is sitting in front_ the house.A. on B. of C. to【注意】有 the 无 the 区别大：at table 吃饭；进餐at the tabel 在桌边in hospital 住院in the hospital 在医院（不一定看病）【解析 3】come over 过来【拓展】come 短语：come across （偶然）发现come back 回来come true 实现come dow n 下来come in/into 进入，进来 come on 赶快，加油come

15、 and go 来来去去come up 上来 come out 出来，（花）开，（照片）冲洗出来【2013 浙江丽水】25. The great writer has written many stories for children. It is saidthat a new one will_at the end of this mon th.in front of【辨析】in the front of指在物体内部的前面【记】 The driver satthe e up with 想出come from=be from 来自，出生于come along 走吧，过来,快点6A. go ou

16、tB. come outC. look outD. run out【2013 浙江宁波】24. Scientists are trying their best to_ ways to treat the terrible diseasecalled H7N9.A. come up with B. look forward to C. talk about D. give up7. You watch TV all the time and never help out around the house!你总是看电视，从不帮忙做家务！【解析】all the time = always 一直；总

17、是()Man s understanding of nature is developing_. It never stays at the samelevel .A. at the right timeB. for the first timeC. from time to time D. all the time【拓展】与 time 相关的短语：on time 按日寸in time 及日寸at the same time 同日寸form time to time 彳禺尔 the first time 第一次at times 有日寸time and time again再； 经常 last

18、time 上次 next time 下次() We all know that the earth moves around the sun_ .A. on time B. at times C. all the time D. i n timeI knew it was impossible for me_按时上班)when I missed the last bus.【山东东营】 Tom didn t go to school_ this mning because he overslept.A. at once B. on time C. by accide nt D. at prese

19、 nt8. I m jasttired asyou are!我和你一样累！【解析】as.as .和.一样.【2013 江西 1】26. There are a small number of people involved, possibly【注】比较级倍数表达句型为：倍数 +as+形容词、副词原级+as+比较对象【2013 福建 2 23. The famous musician, as well as his students,_toperform at the ope ning cerem ony of the 2012 Taipei Flower Expo.A. were in vit

20、edB. was in vitedC. have bee n in vited D. has bee n in vited【解析】考查主谓一致和动词时态。题干主语中心词为介词短语as well as 之前的 musician, 故谓语使用单数【2013 临沂 1】21. Whe n an earthquake happe ns, and you are outdoors, you should go to anope n area as_ as possible.A. quickly B. quietlyC. loudlyD. slowly56. Liu Ying is good at sin

21、ging. She sings_the famous sin ger, CoCo.A. as well as B. as good as C. as better as D. as the best as9. For one week , she did not do any housework and either did I. 一周的时间，她不做任何家务，twen ty.A. as few as【2013 安徽 1 33. ItA. twice asB. as little asC. as many asD. as much ass said that the power plant is

22、 nowlarge as what it was.B. as twiceC. twice muchD. much twice7我也不做。【解析】neither + 助动词/系动词/情态动词+主语某人(主语)也不”neither 两者都不neithernor 既不 也不 ，连接两个词做主语，谓语动词由后一个主语确定8Neither Tom nor Jim js a stude nt【2013 潍坊】3. I have two sisters, but_ of them is a teacher.A. allB. neither C. both D. none5. The teachers in

23、that school speak either En glish or Fren ch, or eve n Thats so cool!A. all B. both C. neither D. none6. Which magaz ine do you like better, Crazy Readi ng or TeenI like_ of them. They are useful for En glish less ons.A. none B. neither C. all D. both【十堰】D27. Which do you prefer, a CD player or a wa

24、lkman?_. I prefer a portable computer.A. Both B. Either C. No neD. NeitherHe speaks_ En glish_ Fren ch. In stead, he speaks Germa n.A either; or B not only; but also C both; and D n either; nor 表达“也不”则用 “Neither /Nor + be /V助/ V 情+主”()The first one wasn t bad.A. So wasn t the secondB. So the second

25、wasC. Neither wasn t the seconD. Neither was the second (don t like rainydays._. Rainy days always make me sad.A. Neither do I B. So do I C. Neither I do D. So I do【2013 黄石中考 1】lean t play the piano ,and_.A. n either can my sister B. my sister can t , tooC. so can t my sister D. can my sister, eithe

26、r 【2013 绥化】一Iwent to the park yesterday._ . But I didn t see you there.A. So do I B. So did I C. Neither did I10. The n ext day , my mom came home from work tefind the house clea n and tidy.第二天，妈妈下班回到家后发现房间很干净、整洁。【解析】find +宾语+宾语补足语【注】find found found 寻找(1) find sb. doi ng sth 发现某人做某事find it + adj. +

27、 to do sth 发现做某事很 . find it difficult/ hard to do sth 发现做某事很困难 ()She foundhard to finish the work byherself.A. that B. it sC. it D. this11.She askedi n surpris e.她吃惊地问道。【解析】in surprise 惊奇地；吃惊地 surprise v 使吃惊 surpris ing adj.令人吃惊的surprised adj.吃惊的 s surpriSeS人吃惊的是in surprise 吃惊地s space?to one9be surp

28、rised at 对.感至 U 吃惊1_ 使我吃惊的是),he got the first prize in the exam.2We are_at the_ n ews.(surprise)()_ his surprise, she succeeded in climb ing up the high mountain.A. AtB. ToC. InD. On【2011 昭通】 I was very surprised whe n the alie n went into a souve nir shop.A. excited B. amaz ingC. relaxi ngD. amazed

29、12.“I m do sorry, Mom. I finish understand thatiwedto sharethe housework to have a cleanand comfortable home. ” I replied.对不起，妈妈。我终于理解为了拥有一个干净、舒适的家我们需要共同来分担 家务。”我回答说。【解析 1】need v 需要用于肯定句，是实义动词。(1) 人做主语，sb. need to do sth 某人需要做某事(2) 物做主语，sth n eed doing sth= sth n eed to be done1Stude nts n eed_ (hav

30、e) a good rest in study ing.2The watch needs_(men d).用于否定句或疑问句，是情态动词(1) needn t = don t h 没有必要(2) need ,must 引导的一般疑问句，肯定会的用 must,否定回答用 need ntMust I go there now?Yes, you must/No, you neednt( )You_ to the meet ing this after noon if you have someth ing importa nt todo.A. needn t to come B. don ne ed

31、 comeC. don t need coming D. needn t come【2013 无锡中考 4】 Don t throw away the waste paper, It needs _ so that it can be reused.A. to destroy B. destro ying C. to collect D. collecti ng【2012 齐齐哈尔 2 Lisa is a little poor at Chinse . I think she needs_ it everyday.A. practice to speak B. to practice spea

32、k ingC. practice speak ing【解析 2 share 分享；共用share sth 分享或共用某物share sth with sb.与某人分享某物()All his frie nds_ his happ in ess whe n he won the match.A. Shared B. Shared from C. Shared with13. Could I hang out with my friends after the movie?看完电影后我能和朋友们一起闲逛吗？【解析】ha ng out 闲逛ha ng up 把.悬挂/挂起14. Could you p

33、leasepass me the sa?你能把盐递给我吗？【解析】passv 给；递；走过；通过pass sb.sth 把某物递给某人Pass on 传递10Please pass the paper on to the other stude nts.v通过；路过 I pass your home. v 通过(考试)； 及格 Tom can pass his math exam.【2013 广东中考】If Nancy _ the exam , she will go to Australia for English study.A. pass B. passed C. passes D. w

34、ill pass15. Could I borrow that book?我能借下你那本书看吗、Could you lend me some mon ey 你能借我一些钱吗？【解析】borrow /lend/keep(borrow 借入，与 from 连用，尤指主语 “【借进来”borrow sth from sb.从某人那里借某物You can borrow the book from the library.(2) lend 借出，与 to 搭配 【指借出去】lend sb sth=le nd sth to sb 把某物借给某人He doesn t want tend his book t

35、o others.(3) keep 保留，保存(延续动词，可以与表示一段时间的状语连用)【指借一段时间】【记】 I want to_a bike from my friend but he didn t_it to me,because Tom had_it for two days.【宁夏中考 1】 You may_ the book for two weeks.A. keep B. borrow C. le ndD. buy【湖北恩施 2 May I_your dictionary?Sorry. Li Lei_ it for five days.A. le nd; borrowedB. b

36、orrow; has keptC. borrow ; has borrowedD. le nd; has lent【西宁中考 2 Although you like the book, you may only_ it for twoweeks.A. borrow B. keepC. le ndD. stay.16. I cut my fin ger and I trying not to get it wet.我的手指割伤了，伤口不能弄湿。【解析】try (not) to do sth 努力(不)做某事。try v 试图，设法，努力【拓展】(1)try on 试穿(2) try to do

37、sth 努力做某事【侧重尽力做】(3) try doing sth 试图做某事【侧重尝试做】(4) try one s best to do sth= do one s 尽某人最大努力做某事11We should_ 最大努力)to be happy in the future.() We should try_much fruit.A. eat B. to eatC. eati ngD. eats【2013 广东中考 2】I didn t hear you come in just now.That s good. We tried_any noise, for you were sleepi

38、ng.A. not make B. not to make C. to make D. making17. I hate to do chores.我讨厌做家务。【解析】hate to do sth 讨厌做某事，表示某次具体行为或动作。I hate to trouble him._ hate doing sth 不愿意做某事 表示经常或习惯性行为或动作。She hates smok ing in her room.18. Could I ask you to help mewith some chores the n?那我能请求你帮我做些杂活吗？【解析】ask sb. to do sth 要求

39、某人做某事。ask for 请求，要某物ask sb. about sth 向某人询问关于某事(1)ask sb. for help 向某人请求帮助ask sb. (not) to do sth 请求某人做某事ask 构成的短语：短语含义ask sb. to do sth请某人做某事ask sb. not to do sth不让某人做某事ask sb for sth向某人要某物ask for help寻求帮助() If you have difficulty in lear ning En glish, you should ask your teacher oryour classmates_help.A. for B. of C. in D. on() The young should_the old_ advice