2018年北京丰台高三二模英语试卷

1、丰台区2018年高三年级第二学期综合练习（二）英语2018.05本试卷满分共120分考试时间100分钟注意事项：1 .答题前，考生务必先将答题卡上的学校、年级、班级、姓名、准考证号用黑色字迹签字笔填写清楚，并认真核对条形码上的准考证号、姓名，在答题卡的“条形码粘贴区”贴好条形码。2.本次考试所有答题均在答题卡上完成。选择题必须使用2B铅笔以正确填涂方式将各小题对应选项涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦除干净后再选涂其它选项。非选择题必须使用标准黑色字迹签字笔书写，要求字体工整、字迹清楚。3.请严格按照答题卡上题号在相应答题区内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效，在试卷、草稿纸上答题无效。4.请保持答题卡卡

2、面清洁，不要装订、不要折叠、不要破损。笔试（共三部分120分）第一部分知识运用（共两节45分）第一节单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，共15分）从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。1. Aheavysandstormisgoingtoenvelopourcity.ItisunwisetohaveyourcarA.washB.washedC.washingD.towash2. WuLeiistheonlyChineseplayerhasmadeitontothelatestWorldSoccer500list.A.whoB.whichC.w

3、hoseD.whom3. Yourdonationgreatlyappreciatedandthemoneywillbeusedtohelpthestudentsfrompoorfamilies.A.hasbeenB.isC.wasD.hadbeen4. Evenasmallpersonalcomputerstorevastamountsofinformation.A.mightB.canC.oughttoD.hasto5. Wepackedallthebooksinwoodenboxessothattheydamaged.A.dontgetB.wontgetC.didntgetD.would

4、ntget6. Itisnotsurprisingthenewcourseonelectronicgameshasattractedmanystudents.A.whatB.whichC.thatD.where7. basicfirst-aidtechniqueswillhelpyourespondquicklytoemergencies.A.KnownB.HavingknownC.KnowingD.Beingknown8. Didyourfatherenjoyseeinghisoldfriendsyesterday?Yes,hedid.Theyeachotherforages.A.didnt

5、seeB.wouldntseeC.haventseenD.hadntseen9. CouldyoucheckmylisttoseeIhaveforgottenanything?Noproblem.A.whetherB.whichC.thatD.what10. Someonecalledmeupatmidnight,buthehadhungupIcouldanswerthephone.A.asB.sinceC.untilD.before11. Weclimbeduptothetopofahill,wegotagoodviewofthewholeforestpark.A.whichB.whereC

6、.whenD.that12. Beijingsnewinternationalairporintooperationin2019willserve72millionpassengersannually.A.beingputB.tobeputC.putD.toput13. Shedoesntspeakourlanguage,sheseemstounderstandwhatwesay.A.yetB.andC.orD.so14.Daviddidnattendhisdaughtersgraduationceremony,buthedoeswishhethere.A.shouldbeB.wouldbeC

7、.hadbeenD.were15. WhatisyourmainreasonforchoosingonerestaurantanotherA.overB.ofC.fromD.for第二节完形填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分，共30分)阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AGoodManAGoodManItsalateSaturdayafternooninearlyMarch,andIamsweatinginsearchoftheonlygiftmysonwantsfromLosAngeles:a16tothehomesofthe

8、starssuchasBradPittandJetLi.Acheerfultaxidriversays,Noproblem.Mapsellersareeverywhere!Whenthetaxistops,afellow17withathinfoldedsheetandsays:Tendollars.”Tendollars!Withabsolute18,Iinformhim,Thatstoomuch.Themapmanleaves.Ibeginwalking,certainIllfinda(an)19starmapsoon.Iam20.Thereshardlyanybodyonthestree

9、t.Theredontseemtobemanyrealstores,justcarsandbars.Nomaps.Nostars.Blockspass.Thesunbeginstosink.AttheedgeofWestHollywood,21fellowwandersahead,sellingstarmapstosometeenagegirls.Tendollars22.Forgetit.Mysonwill23.Thatnight,Icallmywife.Didyougetoneofthosemapstothestars?Hesbeentalkingabout24else.”This25is

10、hardtoignore.Itslate.Atall-nightmarkets:nomaps.Iheadbacktothehotel.Morningiscoming.Therewillbeonelast26.AfterIcheckout,Itakeataxi.Butatnineinthemorning,mapsellersare27tobefound.Youknow,“saysthedriver,Theguyswiththemapsjustaintupyet!”Hesright.Forgetit.Letsgototheairport.”Well,saysthedriver,Icould28yo

11、uoneifyoulike.”Sure.Trustthisguy?Imightaswellthrowcashontothefreeway.Butexitingthetaxi,I29mylastchance.Ihandhim$13andmybusinesscardThreeweekspass.Ive30onthestarmap.Mysonhasstoppedmentioningit.Thenoneafternoon,stickingoutfromunderpilesofflyers,thereitis:abigwhiteenvelope.Thereisasmallnote.Icanhardlyr

12、eadit,31Imakeoutafewphrasesforgive32:taxisbeendownand,finally,heresmapforyourson.Theresnoreturnaddress.Itssigned,kindregards,M.”Iholdthenoteinmyhand,33whatmysonsaidtomewhenIgotbackfromLosAngeles.Didyoumeetany34,Dad?heasked.NowIknowwhattotellhim.Yes,Idid.ImetaguynamedM.Ifyounever35_anybody,youllnever

13、findthegoodguys.16. A.decorationB.mapC.bookD.symbol17. A.arguesB.requestsC.competesD.approaches18. A.assuranceB.permissionC.anxietyD. bargain19. A.perfectB.inexpensiveC.properD. detailed20. A.shockedB.confusedC.impatientD. wrong21. A.oneB.someC.anotherD. either22. A.stillB.evenC.almostD. yet23. A.be

14、lieveB.regretC.understandD. admit24. A.anythingB.everythingC.somethingD. nothing25. A.ideaB.newsC.changeD. reason26. A.tryB.journeyC.actionD. minute27. A.everywhereB.somewhereC.anywhereD. nowhere28. A.giveB.mailC.showD. spare29. A.createB.recognizeC.deserveD. blow30. A.givenupB.throwndoubtsC.refused

15、offersD.droppedin31. A.andB.orC.butD. for32. A.faultB.delayC.carelessnessD. rudeness33. A.rememberingB.remindingC.reviewingD. realizing34. A.admirersB.friendsC.starsD. heroes35. A.lookuptoB.turntoC.havefaithinD.agreewith第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，共30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。A AClimbingWit

16、houtRopesClimbingWithoutRopesThepopularimageofthemountainclimberisofapersoncarefullyclimbingasteepcliffwithanetworkofsafetyropes,butitisnottheonlykind.Manyclimbersnowenjoybouldering.Itsmoreaccessibleandbetterfortheenvironment.Whatisbouldering?Whatisbouldering?Boulderingisasportthatinvolvesclimbingon

17、,over,andaroundbouldersuptoapproximatelytwentyfeetabovetheground.ParticipantsemploynosafetyropesWhyboulder?Whyboulder?improveyourclimbingskillsbyfocusingonbasicsplacestoclimb,suchasclimbingwallsatgymsandparks,easytofindlesstimecommitmenttoboulderingthantomountainclimbingintellectualandphysicalenjoym

18、entasonesolvesproblemsBoulderingTermsBoulderingTermscrimp:averysmallhandholdfoothold:aplacewhereonemayplaceafoottoaidinclimbingboulderjug:averylargehandholdthatiseasytcuseproblem:Thepathupaboulderisreferredtoasthe“problem”thmustsolve.Thesolution”isthsequenceofmovesonemakesupandoveraboulder.Hereisane

19、xampleofaclimberaddressingaboulderingproblem.FigureFigure 1:1: Theclimberhastworoutesshecouldtake,onetotheleftandonetotheright.Theleftoneappearseasierbecauseithasajugwithineasyreach,butlookwhathappensifshechoosesthatdirection.Shegetsstuckontherockandhastogobackdown.Sometimesthatisevenmoredifficultth

20、angoingup.FigureFigure 2:2: Theclimbertakestheonetotherightthistime.Usingafootholdandplacingherrighthandinacrimp,sheisabletoliftherselfupandlocateotherhandholds.Afteronlyafewmoves,sheisabletothrowherlegoverthetopoftheboulderandpullherselfup.A.isanindoorsportB.hasnosafetyprotectionC.needsmapsandequip

21、mentD.isasteepcliffclimbing37. Boulderingbecomespopularbecause.A.itchallengesthelimitsB.itcostslessC.itbuildsmindsandbodiesD.itisateamgame38. Accordingtotheexample,therightrouteis.A.ashortcutB.adeadendC.toughbuttothetopD.linedwithjugs39. Thepassageislikelytoappearin.oneA.abookreviewB.asciencereportC

22、.anewspaperadvertisementD.asportsmagazineB BThreeFeetFromGoldThreeFeetFromGoldDarbysunclewascaughtbythe“goldfeverinfhegold-rushdays,andwentwesttodigandgrowrich.Aftermonthsoflabor,hewasrewardedbythediscoveryoftheshiningore0石）.Heneededmachinerytobringtheoretothesurface.So,withthe“strike，hereturnedhome

23、.AndwiththehelpofDarby,heborrowedalotofmoney.Afterbuyingthemachineryandhavingitshipped,UncleandDarbywentbacktoworkthemine.Thefirstcaroforewasmined.AndthereturnsprovedtheyhadoneoftherichestminesinColorado!Downwentthedrills!UpwentthehopesofUncleandDarby!Thensomethinghappened!Thevein（脉）ofgoldoredisappe

24、ared!Theydrilledon,butallinvain.Finally,theydecidedtoquitandsoldthemachinerytoajunkmanforafewhundreddollars.Thejunkmancalledinaminingengineerto42. Fromthepassage,wecanknowDarbyA. wasunabletopayoffthedebts第二部分阅读理解（共两节40分）Figure1Figure236.Accordingtothepassage,bouldering.B. minedhisgoldfromthefailurel

25、ookatthemineanddoalittlecalculating.TheengineerscalculationsshoWC.demedalessonfromsellinginsurancetheveinwouldbefoundjustthreefeetfromwheretheDarbyshadstoppeddrilling!Thejunkmantookmillionsofdollarsinthevein,becauseheknewenoughtoseekexpertsadvicebeforegivingup.Mostofthemoneywhichwentintothemachinery

26、wasborrowedthroughtheeffortsofDarby,whowasthenaveryyoungman.Themoneycamefromhisrelativesbecauseoftheirfaithinhim.Hepaidbackeverydollarofit,althoughhewasyearsindoingso.Longafterward,Mr.Darbymadeanotherdiscoverythatdesirecanbechangedintogold.Thisdiscoverycameafterhewentintothebusinessofsellinglifeinsu

27、rance.Rememberingthathelostahugefortune,forhestoppedthreefeetfromgold,Darbyprofitedbytheexperienceinhischosenwork,sayingtohimself,stoppedthreefeetfromgold,butIwillneverstopbecausemensaynowhenIaskthemtobuyinsurance.”Darbysoldmorethanamilliondollarsinlifeinsuranceannually.Heoweshisstickability“tothele

28、ssonhelearnedfromhis“quitability”business.40. Darbysunclewentbackhometo.A. receivehisrewardB. seekfinancialsupportC. lookformorehelpersD. consultanengineer41. TheDarbysfailedinminingbusinessbecauseof.A. quittingdrillingonB. thedisappearanceoftheveinC. theshortageofthemachineryD. competingagainstthej

29、unkmanD.devotedhimselftomakingnewdiscoveries43. Theauthorintendstotellusthat.A. hopesanddifficultiesexistsidebysideB. correctdecisionsstemsfromcorrectjudgementC. weshouldcatchitwhenanopportunitycomesD. wewonrteachourgoalunlesswepersistC CScientistssayweareallbornwithaknackformathematics.Everytimewes

30、canthecafeteriaforatablethatwillfitallofourfriends,wereexercisingtheancientestimationcenterinourbrain.StanislasDehaenewasthefirstresearchertoshowthatthispartofthebrainexists.In1989,herVietMr.Nwhohadsufferedaseriousbraininjury.Mr.Ncouldntrecognizethenumber5,oradd2and2.Buthestillknewthatthereare“about

31、50minutes“inanhoDehaenedrewanimportantconclusionfromhiscase:theremustbetwoseparatemathematicalareasinourbrains.OneareaisresponsibleforthemaththWgOe（arniinrfhool，andtheotherjudgesapproximateamounts.Sowhatdoesthebrainestimationcenterdoforus?HarvardUniversityresearcherElizabethSpelkehasspentalotoftimep

32、osingmathproblemstopreschoolers.Whenheasks5-year-oldstosolveaprobleml演+30,theycantdoit.Buthehasalsoaskedthemquestionssuchas,“Sarahhas21candlesandgets30more.Johnhas34candles.Whohasmorecandles?”Itturnsoutpreschoolersaregreatatsolvingquestionslikethat.Beforetheyvle earnedhowtodomathwithnumeralsandsymbo

33、ls,theirbrainsapproximationcentersarealreadyhardatwork.Afterwelearnsymbolicmath,dowestillhaveanyuseforourinbornmathsense?JustinHalberdaatJohnsHopkinsUniversitygaveusananswerinhisstudy.Hechallengedagroupof14-year-oldswithanapproximationtest:Thekidsstaredatacomputerscreenandsawgroupsofyellowandbluedot

34、sflashby,tooquicklytocount.Thentheyhadtosaywhethertherehadbeenmorebluedotsoryellowdots.Theresearchersfoundthatmostwereabletoanswercorrectlywhentherewere25yellowdotsand10blueones.Whenthegroupswerecloserinsize,11yellowdotsand10blueones,fewerkidsansweredcorrectly.Thebigsurpriseinthisstudycamewhentheres

35、earchercomparedthekidsapproximationtestscorestotheirscoresonstandardizedmathtests.Hefoundthatkidswhodidbetterontheflashingdottesthadbetterstandardizedtestscores,andviceversa仅之亦然）.Itseemsthat,farfrombeingirrelevant,yourmathsensemightpredictyourabilityatformalmath.44. Fromthefirsttwostudies,wecanlearn

36、thatestimationcenter.A. isdividedintotwoseparatemathematicalareasB. canhelpfigureoutnumeralsandsymbolsproblemsC. functionsindependentlyinbothkidsandadultsbrainsD. worksbetterwhensymbolicpartsareinjuredorundergrown45. WhatmostsurprisedJustininthestudyof14-year-olds?A. Thevarietyofmathabilitiesindiffe

37、rentstudents.B. Thelinkbetweentechnologyskillsandestimationskills.C. Thedifficultyofthetaskasthenumberofdotsincreased.D. Theconnectionbetweenestimationskillsandformalmathability.46. Whatcouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A. BornwithaSenseofMath.B. GobeyondWhatYouCanLearn.C. SymbolicMathandEstimationMa

38、th.D. OurBrainaBornMathematician.D DThatrobots,automation,andsoftwarecanreplacepeoplemightseemobvioustoanyonewhosworkedinautomotivemanufacturing.ButMITbusinsscholarsErikBrynjolfssonandAndrewMcAfeesclaimismoretroublingandcontroveTheybelievethatrapidtechnologicalchangehasbeendestroyingjobsfasterthanit

39、iscreatingthem.Theybelievethattechnologyincreasesproductivityandmakessocietieswealthier,butitbecamecleartothemthatthesametechnologiesmakingmanyjobssafer,easier,andmoreproductivewerealsoreducingthedemandformanytypesofhumanworkers.TechnologiesliketheWeb,artificialintelligence,andbigdataareautomatingma

40、nyroutinetasks.Countlesstraditionalwhite-collarjobs,suchasmanyinthepostofficeandincustomerservice,havedisappeared.Asevidence,BrynjolfssonandMcAfeepointtoachartonwhichseparatelinesrepresentproductivityandtotalemploymentintheUnitedStates.ForyearsafterWorldWarII,thetwolinescloselytrackedeachother,withi

41、ncreasesinjobscorrespondingtoincreasesinproductivity.Then,beginningin2000,thelinesdiverge;productivitycontinuestorisesteadily,butemploymentsuddenlyshrinks.By2011,asignificantgapappearsbetweenthetwolines,showingeconomicgrowthwithnoparallelincreaseinjobcreation.Butarethesenewtechnologiesreallyresponsi

42、bleforadecadeoflackluster生气）jobgrowth?DavidAutor,aneconomistatMITwhohasstudiedtheconnectionsbetweenjobsandtechnology,doubtsthattechnologycouldaccountforsuchasuddenchangeintotalemployment.Moreover,healsodoubtsthatproductivityhas,infact,risensteadilyintheUnitedStatesinthepastdecade.Ifheright,itraisest

43、hepossibilitythatpoorjobgrowthcouldbesimplyaresultofasial.depressedeconomy.Thesuddenslowdowninjobcreationbuttherenotalotofevidencethatitlinkedtocomputers.”“Tobesure,computertechnologiesarechangingthetypesofjobsavailable,butthatisverydifferentfromsayingtechnologyisaffectingthetotalnumberofjobs,headds

44、.“Jobscanchangealotwithouttherebeinghugechangesinemploymentrates.isabigpuzzle,hesaLawrenceKatz,aHarvardeconomist,saysthatwhiletechnologicalchangescanbepainfulforworkerswhoseskillsnolongermatchtheneedsofemployers,nohistoricalpatternshowstheseshiftsleadingtoanetdecreaseinjobsoveranextendedperiod.Still

45、,Katzdoesndismissthenotionthatthereissomethingsdigitaltechnologies.Thoughheexpectsthehistoricalpmaterialusedforbuildinghousesandmakinghouseholditems.Butinthepast100years,resourceshavecomeunderincreasingpressureaspopulationshaveexplodedandlargeareasofbambooforesthavebeenclearedtomakewayforfarms.52All

46、overtheworld,therangesofmanybamboospeciesappeartobeatt9rnducing,endangeringthepeopleandanimalsthatdependuponthem.Areport“Iftechnoiogyptsenough,whoknowswhatwillhappen?”47. WhichperiodonthechartstronglysupportsMcAfeesclaim?A.19471967.B.19851987.C.19972000.D.20112013.48. AccordingtoDavidAutor,thechange

47、injobgrowthA. isnotnecessarilycausedbytechnologyB. resultsfromaweakeningeconomyC. hasnoconnectionwithproductivityD. affectsthecurrenttypesofjobs49. WhatisLawrenceKatzsattitudetowardsthetopic?A.Optimistic.B.Defensive.publishedbytheUNEnvironmentProgrammehasrevealedjusthowprofoundourignoranceofglobalba

48、mbooresourcesis.Bambooisawonderplant.Itsecologicalroleextendsbeyondprovidingfoodandhabitatforanimals.Bambootendstogrowinstandsmadeupofgroupsofindividualplantsthatgrowfromrootsystems.Itsextensiverootsystemsarecrucialinpreventingwaterlossandsoilerosion.53InIndia25%ofpaperproducedismadefrombamboofiber,

49、andinBrazil,100,000hectaresofbambooaregrownforitsproduction.Becauseofitsflexibilityandstrength,ithastraditionallybeenusedinconstruction.Bambooisoftentheonlyreadilyavailablerawmaterialforpeopleinmanydevelopingcountries.50. Themainpurposeofthepassageisto.A. showtherelationbetweenproductivityandjobcreationB. discusstheeffectoftechnologicaladvancesonemploymentC. argueagainstthewideuseo