世界各国的独特典型饮食文化

1、世界各国饮食文化the western culture manner 's“ dinner table manners"the habit of have mealing of west is different from we much have, especially colloquy a western meal the party, rules is rather many.when join in a western meal parties should notice the following items:1, the wine that foreigner i

2、s general did not let the habit let the vegetables, therefore you like to eat the what, no harm to much take the point.2, should wait the all guest the in front to all ascended the vegetables, hostess to picked up her knife with after fork signal hint can just use the meal.3, the table napkin should

3、 spread on the knee.can also defend at the neck is last or chest front, but not very square.can wipe the oil on your mouth or stains on the finger with table napkin dime, but the absolutely not can the wipe cutlery.4, have meal to sit properly body not want two arms lay down horizontally on the tabl

4、e.5, usage knife and fork hour, should the left hand use the fork, and by hand use the knife.slice the meat should avoid the knife to slice on the porcelain dish to send out the sound.midway let go of the knife and fork, and should report the "eight" the matrix cent put on the plate.if the

5、 knife and fork put together, mean to complete with meal.6, want to drink the water, should be first food pharyngeal bottom.while drinking the water with glass cup, want to wipe the oil stains on the mouth first, and the in order to prevent make dirty the cup.7, if sneeze or cough, or want the bathr

6、oom, should humality that face surroundings sorry.8, have meal, always remain mum to is not polite , but mastication food the hour don't speak the words, and swallow again answer.9, be the bellboy according to this give the guest top vegetables, walk to the left side that you, just the your turn

7、 take the plete with meal, and the hostess stand to rise, and can just leave the seat.the table napkin puts on the table, and don't shine on the original kind fold good （ 一 ） 基本的讲究排列座次时 , 国内外的基本作法有所不同在涉外场合排列座次时 , 一般均应遵守 国际惯例1. 我国传统作法 在排列并排的座次时 ,我国的传统作法是 "以左为上", 即认为居左之位高于居

8、右 之位当前 ,国内在举行会议及正式合影时 , 仍多沿用此法2. 国际通行作法并排排列座次时 ,国际上的通行作法是 "以右为上", 即认为居右之位高于居左之 位在涉外场合 , 它已被广泛采用关于中国人的宴席座次礼仪 古代中国素有“礼仪之邦”之称 ,讲礼仪, 循礼法,崇礼教, 重礼信关于中国人的 宴席座次礼仪 , 守礼仪, 是中国人数千年的传统所谓“礼节民心 , 让则不 争”; “衣食既足 ,礼让以兴” ,礼就是个人利欲心的节制和人群利益的调度讲礼 就是要谦恭退让 , “礼”与“让”往往相连 ,这就是“礼让”一词的由来和义释中国最早的礼和最普泛、 最重要的礼 , 可以说就是食

9、礼 , “夫礼之初 , 始诸饮食”, 用食来敬神 , 表明“礼”是极隆重的事 , 并且是起源很早的礼是以个人的文化学 识与心性修养为基础的检验一个人修养的最好场合 , 莫过于集群宴会了因 此，“子能食食，教以右手”（礼记内则）,家庭启蒙礼教的第一课便是食礼 而中国宴会繁缛食礼的基础仪程和中心环节 , 即是宴席上的座次之礼“安 席”史载 , 汉高祖刘邦的发迹就缘于他于沛县令的“重客”群豪宴会上旁若无人 “坐上坐”当时还是“席地而坐” , “上坐” , 乃宴席的“尊位所在” , 亦即“席 端”这种宴席上的“上坐” ,因坐制的饮食基础器具、几案、餐桌椅形制的历史 演变而有时代的不同两汉以前 , “席

10、南向北向 , 以西方为上” , 即以面朝东坐为上 史记项羽本纪中鸿门宴会的座次是一规范：“项王、项伯东向坐，亚父南向 坐,亚父者,范增也沛公北向坐 ,张良西向坐” ,此即顾炎武所谓 :“古人之坐 ,以 东向为尊”着是指的“室”内设宴的座礼而在位于宫室主要建筑物前部中央坐 北朝南的“堂”上 ,则是以南向为最尊 ,次为西向,再次为东向隋唐以后 ,开始了 由坐床向垂足高坐起居方式的转变 ,方型、矩型诸种形制餐桌均以齐备 ,座次利益 也因之有新的改变方桌以边长 92.5 厘米、高 87.5 厘米的“八仙桌”为代表 , 贵 客专桌 , 等而下之可 2 人、 3 人、 4 人、 6 人或 8 人一桌除专桌

11、以外 , 两人以上者 , 一般为 1：1 主陪客制圆桌是应聚宴人多和席面大的要求之运而生的最初也让用 惯了方桌的人们颇不顺应 ,正如袁枚园几诗所说 ： “让处不知谁首席 ,坐时只 觉可添宾”圆桌成清中叶后饭店酒楼流行的餐台式样 , 今日家庭中亦普遍使用 ,尤为今日餐 饮业及机关企业食堂的会宴用桌面其座次一般是依餐厅或室的方位与装饰设计 风格而定 ,或取向门、朝阳, 或依厅室设计装饰风格所体现出的重心与突出位置设 首位通常服务员摆台时以口布折叠成花、 鸟等造型 ,首位造型会非常醒目 , 使人一 望而知而隆重的大型宴会则往往在各餐台座位前预先摆放座位卡（ 席签）, 所发请柬上则标明与宴者的台号这样

12、或由司仪导入 , 或持柬按图索骥、对号入座 , 自然不 易出错english style of eating habits is also easy, pay attention to nutrition. breakfast is usually porridge milk or a cup of red juice, coated with butter toast, fried bacon or sausage, eggs. at noon, the children eat lunch at school, adults at lunch on the job on the vicin

13、ity to buy a sandwich, a cup of coffee on, just kill. only to the weekend, the british people will be rich on a table. usually the main course is meat, such as grilled chicken, roast beef, fish and so on. a wide variety of vegetables, like cabbage, fresh peas, potatoes, carrots and so on. vegetables

14、 in general are no longer processed, mounted on a tray, poured from the supermarket to buy ready-made sauce will be consumed. after the main course there will always be together digestible of sweets, such as cooking fruit, fruit pudding, cheese, ice cream and so on.fried fish and fries (fish and chi

15、ps)this is the traditional british fast food nation (fastfood). it is in the 19th century 60's pop up. at that time, the railway put start fresh fish one night directly (direct) transported from the east coast to london. english at the fish paste on top ofgood deep-fried in oil, and fried potato

16、es be eaten together. people put a mixture of salt and vinegar sauce and pour it into the article on fish and potatoes, with a newspaper bag, and then eat from the paper in hand. today, people often use a clean paper packaging, and to provide a fork (fork).cha (tea)british national enjoy a cup of te

17、a. at the traditional british (tradition) on people with porcelain tea cup, one person a cup, a spoonful of tea.the majority of british people like to drink strong tea, but i want toadd muchmilk. many years ago, people used to put milk into the cup, then add the tea, and finally add water.coffee (co

18、ffee)now in the united kingdom, as popularity of coffee and tea. people either do not add milk or add milk, or drink coffee or preparing a new instant coffee.wine (wine)english wine industry is very strong. more and more of the manyvineyards are producing wine and red wine (redwine). english pubs ev

19、erywhere, has several flavors, each with 10,000 large and small pubs, which have many hundreds of years of history, this old pub is usually haunted legends, it is interesting that not only did not care about the owner, but also his house ghost li chuan-story as the general put on a table in each. so

20、mething fishy about the pub business better and sell more expensive.eating habits with knife and fork pyronaridine british people generally preferred way of cooking there is: cooked in soy and vinegar, barbecue, fried and fried. of meat, seafood, game cooking methods are unique; however, the categor

21、ies of the beef they have special preferences, such as barbecue beef (roasted beef), is attached not only in the consumption of seasonal vegetables, baked potato, but also will add somesteak on the mustard sauce; at the use of seasoning on the butter and liquor preferences; at spice up the taste of

22、meat kou, cinnamon and other spices fresh.the more well-known british cuisine has: beef kidney allocation (steak kidney pie), fish pai (english fish chip), the royal butter chicken (chicken a la king) and so on. british people enjoy hunting, only once a year at the hunting period, there is much of t

23、he hotel or restaurant will be introduced to gamemeal, such as deer (venison), rabbits (hare), pheasant (pheasant), such as cooking. general cooking game when using somegin or berries and wine, this approach is in order to remove the smell of mutton flavor of the food itself.breakfast is very import

24、ant to the british people, british restaurants in the supply of a wide range of meals, have fruit juice, fruit, eggs, meat, wheat porridge category, bread, jam and coffee. nowadays the popular afternoon tea (high tea) is the massfrom the united kingdom, and its more famous there is victoria-style vi

25、ctorian style), the contents can be said to be all-inclusive, including all kinds of small points, muffin, fruit tarts (tarte ) and sandwiches. supper on the daily lives of english is also one of the most important part of the meal of their choice is usually late, and are eating betterto promote fri

26、endship between meals can imagine they belong to are very autonomous nation, and a supper for them could take hours.the united kingdom at the local, there will be lot of people who love to drink, mainly because it itself is also a wine producing country. english at the cost of alcohol consumption on

27、 the expenditure than the other also to the many.nobu restaurantthis is a world-renowned japanese-style sushi restaurant, perfect interpretation of the cultural diversity of london. enjoy the best way is to let the staff recommend, another is called a reversal of the world's black cod, point of

28、confusing the champagne glass. of course, the best have someoneelse foot the bill! rememberthe location you want in advance, otherwise.st. john's restaurantvery authentic british restaurant, under the name of the solemn nostalgia,thick sauce, verytraditional british dishes. pig here are logo, sh

29、ows a simple kick! have to roast whole pigs, yorktraditional rural english dishes. confections are a weight of more down 2,3 个. good to eat! ensure that you spot, the united kingdom must go free to try!hakkasan restaurantan average consumption of 60 pounds in london's top restaurants. is not a f

30、alse faceskill, newspapers comment on is "the history of the sexiest chinese restaurant", are impartial appraisal. hot and sour soup, pipa duck, pork doo british sparkling wine, greece white portuguese. it seems that chinese and western, at tip of tongue on an.中文:英国人的饮食习惯亦式样简单 , 注重营养。早餐通常是

31、麦片粥冲牛奶或一杯果汁 , 涂上黄油的烤面包片 , 熏咸肉或煎香肠、鸡蛋。中午 ,孩子们在学校吃午餐 , 大人 的午餐就在工作地点附近买上一份三明治 ,就一杯咖啡 ,打发了事。只有到周末 , 英国人的饭桌上才会丰盛一番。通常主菜是肉类 , 如烤鸡肉、烤牛肉、烤鱼等。 蔬菜品种繁多 , 像卷心菜、新鲜豌豆、土豆、胡萝卜等。蔬菜一般都不再加工 , 装在盘里 , 浇上从超市买回的现成调料便食用。 主菜之后总有一道易消化的甜食 , 如烧煮水果、果料布丁、奶酪、冰激凌等。鱼和油炸土豆条 (fish and chips)这是英国民族传统的快餐食品 (fastfood) 。它是在 19世纪 60年代流行起来

32、的。 那时,铁路开始把新鲜的鱼一夜间直 接(direct)从东海岸运到伦敦。英国人在鱼上面裹上糊放在油里炸好,和炸土豆 条一起吃。人们把盐和醋的混合调料倒在炸鱼和土豆条上 , 用报纸包上 , 然后从纸 包里拿着吃。如今 , 人们经常用清洁的纸包装 , 并提供一个餐叉 (fork) 。茶(tea)英国民族喜欢喝茶。 在英国传统 (tradition) 上人们用瓷茶杯泡茶 , 一人一个茶杯 , 一匙茶。大多数英国人喜欢喝浓茶 ,但是要加许多牛奶。 多年前,人们习惯先把牛 奶倒入茶杯 , 然后再放茶 , 最后加水。咖啡 (coffee)现在在英国 , 咖啡和茶一样受欢迎。 人们或是加牛奶或是不加牛奶

33、 , 或是喝新泡制 的咖啡或速溶咖啡。酒(wine)英国的酒业很强盛。越来越多的葡萄园正在生产白酒和红酒 (redwine) 。英国的酒馆无所不在 , 有好几万家大大小小各具风味的酒馆 , 其中还有不 乏数百年历史的 ,这样的老酒馆通常传说闹鬼 ,有趣的是,主人不但不避讳 ,还把 他家的鬼故事像立传一般摆在每一张桌子上。有鬼的酒馆生意更好 , 而且卖得更 贵。饮食习惯用刀叉咯 英国人一般较喜爱的烹饪方式有 : 烩、烧烤、煎和油炸。对肉类、海鲜、野味的 烹调均有独到的方式 ;然而,他们对牛肉类方面又有特别的偏好 ,如烧烤牛肉 (roasted beef), 在食用时不仅附上时令的蔬菜、 烤洋芋

34、, 还会在牛排上加上少许 的芥茉酱 ;在佐料的使用上则喜好奶油及酒类 ; 在香料上则喜好肉寇、肉桂等新鲜 香料。较为人知的英国料理菜名有 : 牛肉腰子派 (steak kidney pie) 、炸鱼排 (english fish chip) 、皇家奶油鸡 (chicken a la king) 等。英国人喜欢狩猎 , 在一年只有 一次的狩猎期中 , 就有许多的饭店或餐厅会推出野味大餐 , 如野鹿 (venison) 、野 兔(hare)、雉鸡(pheasant)、野山羊(wildsheep)等的烹调。而一般烹调野味时, 均采用些杜松子或浆果及酒 , 此做法是为了去除食物本身的膻腥味。英国人对早

35、餐非常讲究 , 英国餐馆中所供应的餐点种类繁多 ,有果汁、水果、蛋类、 肉类、麦粥类、面包、果酱及咖啡等。 时下所流行的下午茶 (high tea) 也是传 来自于英国 , 其较知名的有维多莉亚式 victorian style), 内容可说是包罗万象 , 包括各式小点、 松糕、水果挞 (tarte) 及三明治等。 晚餐对英国人来说也是日常 生活中最重要的一部份 , 他们选择的用餐时间通常较晚 ,而且都是边吃边喝边聊 , 以促进用餐人之间的情谊 ,可想见他们是属于极有自主性的民族 , 而一顿晚餐对 他们来说可能要花上好几个钟头。在英国当地 , 会有许多爱好喝的人士 ,主要是因为它本身也是个产酒

36、国家。 英国人 在饮酒上的花费比起其它的支出还来的多。nobu 餐厅这是一家享誉全球的日式寿司餐厅 , 完美诠释了伦敦的多元文化。最好的享受方 式就是让店员推荐 ,再多叫一份颠倒世界的黑鳕鱼 ,点一杯晕头转向的香槟。 当然, 最好还有别人买单 !事前要记得定位啦 , 不然免谈。圣约翰餐厅 很正宗的英国餐厅 ,顶着怀旧庄严的名字 , 汁浓酱稠、入味十分的传统英式菜。 猪 是这里的 logo, 透着一股纯朴劲儿 ! 有转烤全猪、约克夏布丁等传统的英国乡村 菜。甜点的分量更是一份打倒 2、3个。 很好吃的!保证让你过瘾 ,有空去英国一 hakkasan 餐厅 一家平均消费 60英镑的伦敦顶级中餐厅。

37、 绝不是死撑面子的假把式 ,报纸上的评 论是“史上最性感的中餐厅” , 是中肯的评价。酸辣汤、琵琶鸭、五花肉斗英国 气泡酒、希腊白葡。似乎中西合璧 , 在舌尖上共谱一曲。british food culture today people in the uk eat a more varied diet than ever before. as well as the regional diets of england, scotland, wales, and northern ireland the many immigrant communities have introduced the

38、ir cuisines to the previously unadventurous britons: chinese, greek, indian, italian, thai, american fast foods such as pizza, hamburgers and fried chicken have to some extent displaced the traditional fast food of fish and chips.because of the climate and the germanic origins of manyof its early pe

39、ople, the uk has been a traditionally beer drinking rather than a wine drinking country. nevertheless, in recent years, vineyards in the south of england have proved successful. in the west of england the traditional drink is cider, rather than beer. over britain as a whole, however, the traditional

40、 drink is tea.british food culture today people in the uk eat a more varied diet than ever before. as well as the regional diets of england, scotland, wales, and northern ireland the many immigrant communities have introduced their cuisines to the previously unadventurous britons: chinese, greek, in

41、dian, italian, thai, american fast foods such as pizza, hamburgers and fried chicken have to some extent displaced the traditional fast food of fish and chips.because of the climate and the germanic origins of manyof its early people, the uk has been a traditionally beer drinking rather than a wine

42、drinking country. nevertheless, in recent years, vineyards in the south of england have proved successful. in the west of england the traditional drink is cider, rather than beer. over britain as a whole, however, the traditional drink is tea.英国的饮食文化今天, 人们在英国吃了更多样化的饮食比以往任何时候。 以及区域饮食的英格兰 , 苏格兰 , 威尔士和

43、北爱尔兰 , 许多移民社区介绍了他们的菜以前 unadventurous 英国人:中国,希腊,印度,意大利,泰国,美国快餐食品 ,如比萨饼,汉堡包和炸鸡 已在一定程度上取代传统的快餐店的炸鱼和薯条。由于气候和日耳曼起源及其早期的许多人 , 英国一直是传统上喝啤酒 , 而不是葡 萄酒的饮用国。 然而,近年来, 葡萄园在英格兰南部的已证明是成功的。 英格兰西 部的传统饮料是苹果酒 , 而不是啤酒。英国作为一个整体 ,但是,传统的饮料是茶。Korea（ 韩国 ）:Main Korea Republic food and drink characteristic: High protein , muc

44、h vegetable , happy event delicate , abstain from greasy food, sense of taste is burned with the cold give first place to. Korean regards rice as staple food down the ages. Cooked food gives first place to stewing to cook and to roast system , is not used for a hot dish mainly. Korean likes to eat n

45、oodles , beef , chicken and dog's meat , does not like to eat steamed bread , mutton and duck meat.韩国饮食的主要特点：高蛋白、多蔬菜、喜清淡、忌油腻，味觉以凉辣为主。韩 国人自古以来把米饭当做主食。 菜肴以炖煮和烤制为主， 基本上不做炒菜。 韩国 人喜欢吃面条、牛肉、鸡肉和狗肉，不喜欢吃馒头、羊肉和鸭肉。Japan（ 日本 ）Cooking culture introduces JapanMention food and drink , be that food , vegetable

46、, fish and flesh are that Japanesque non-staple food meal burns, and the Western Europe Chinese meal popularizes also very much like not only give first place to rice, before Japan can sample to rich various meal food. Japan is a very rich countries of high grade water resource , hygiene facilities

47、improves and perfects also very much , drinks therefore running water is in any Japanese place being able to. Modern Japan culture is furthermore colorful. Girls are in the culture studying time-honoured Japan tradition, if sado , the ikebana simultaneous, also jump disco. The scene bordering but bu

48、ilding the browse downtown area , antiquited temple and tower is not strange. Therefore modern Japan culture is antiquited have been tied in wedlock.日本饮食文化介绍 说到饮食，不仅是以大米为主食、蔬菜、鱼与肉为副食的日本式餐点，而且西欧 中国餐点一般也很普及， 在日本可以品尝到丰富多样的餐食。 日本是一个优质水 资源非常丰富的国家， 卫生设施也很完善， 所以自来水在日本的任何地方都可以 饮用。现代的日本文化更是多彩多姿。 女孩子们在学习自古以来的

49、日本传统文化， 如茶道、花道的同时，也跳迪斯科。观览市区、古老寺院和高层建筑相邻而建的 情景并不稀奇。 故而现代的日本文化是结合了古老的、 新兴的、 西洋的和东洋的 文化而形成。That Japanese loves the birthday department who raw fish is used for food , is covering up with sashimi as a result commonly is the most popular Japan in the homeland food. The Japanese cuisine is particular abo

50、ut the plain taste keeping food very much , does not encourage have added a condiment, use delicate give first place to. The color to cooked food has the very good request especially face to face, not only using all kinds of form , arrangement , colour collocation that the very delicate vessel does

51、load food, to food to have very exquisite thinking also. Be taking a look on that is so meticulous that the day style being just like landscape painting-like takes care of , sometimes cannot bear to destroy that share for the first time to Japanese visitor beautiful.日本人普遍爱食用生鱼，因而盖着生鱼片的寿司是日本国内最流行的食物。

52、 日本料理非常讲究保持食物的原味， 不提倡加入过多调料， 以清淡为主。 对菜肴 的色面尤其有着很高的要求， 不但使用各式各样非常精致的盛器来装食物， 对食 物的形状、 排列、颜色搭配也都有很细腻的考虑。 看着那一道道精细得有如风景画一般的日式料理，初到日本的游客往往不忍破坏那份美丽In Spain we have so many products , recipes, famous chefs, and restaurantsthat you can found almost everythi ng that you can imag ine, so it s impossible '

53、 to reduce all this things into one idea.One of the biggest mistakes about spanish food is the extended ideaSPAIN=PAELLA西班牙有著无数的产品、各式的食谱及、菜色、有名的主厨跟餐厅，几乎是你想 得到的东西都有，所以其实很难将为数众多的东西以一个概念做表达。 事实上，西班牙菜有个极大的错误认知，那就是大家都以为西班牙=西班牙海鲜饭The spanish food is full of delights, specially the modern spanish food, but

54、 you gotta understand that our philosophy is to use the classical spanish recipes to improve them and tran sform in to moder n cuisi ne. Theres some ese ncialpoints on this philosophy:西班牙菜是充满欢乐的，特别是以现代摩登的西班牙菜而言，但是在这之前， 您可能必需先了解我们的烹饪理念 -运用传统西班牙菜，并加以改进，使其变为 现代摩登菜肴。以下为者个理念的几个重点观念：-1) RESPECT ABOUT THE

55、INGREDIENTS 尊重食材 ：the chef will choose himself the ingredients daily looking for the quality, no matter the price. Cook those ingredients trying to keep all the natural taste of it(NEVER OVERCOOK), so reduce the cooking time.各个厨师会每天寻找他所要用的食材， 不论价格，要求品质。在烹调这些食材时， 尽量保留他本身天然的原味 (绝不过於烹调 )，因此，缩短了烹调的时间。-2) INNOVATION 改