反义疑问句和主谓一致

1、反义疑问句定义：一般指说话人陈述一个事件，然后以反问的形式征求意见或确认。形式：一般为“前肯后否，前否后肯”类别：一、祈使句(省略主语的句子)1) 一般祈使句，后面反义疑问用“will you?”2) 前面是 let'的，用“ shall we?'3) 前面是 let us 的，用“ will you?”二、不定代词当陈述部分的主语是(1) Every one, everybody, some one, somebody,n obody, no one等时，后面的疑问句主语常用they,应表示为：Every one is in the classroom, aren't

2、 they?(基本不用单数，但也可用he)Nobody will go, will they?(2) everything,anything,nothing,something时，附力口疑问句中主语一般用it,女口：Everything seems all right now, doesn' t it?(3) this,that, 或those,these 时，附加疑问句中主语 用 it 和 they.This is a good idea, isn' t it?三、陈述部分含有 seldom, hardly, never, rarely, few, little,nowher

3、e, nothing等否定词或半否定词时，反义疑问句部分要 用肯定形式.但陈述部分是 含否定前缀或后缀的词，陈述部分 仍按肯定处理，所以义疑问部分仍用否定形式.There are few apples in the basket, are there?He can hardly swim, can he?They seldom come late, do they?He looks unhappy, doesn't he?The girl dislikes history, doesn't she?四、There be句型反义疑问句中主语也用there,反义疑问部分用 be动词

4、 + there.There are some apples in the basket, aren't there?五、当陈述部分为并列句时， 反义疑问句要和就近的分句主语和谓语保持一致.He is a teacher but his wife isn ' t a teacher, sheWe must start at once or we can' t gethere on time, can we?六、当陈述部分为主从复合句时：反义疑问句部分一般与主句的主语和谓语动词保持一致，She says that I did it, doesnthe?但也有特例：A.陈述

5、句的 主语是第一人称,谓语动词是 think, believe, suppose,fancy, imagine, expect,后接宾语从句时，反意疑问句应对宾语 从句进行提问。I don' think he can finish the work, can he?I don ' t expect that she would come, would she?I imagine that the students like her, don' t they?I don ' t believe she knows it, does she?B当陈述句的主语是第二，

6、第三人称，谓语动词是think, believe,suppose, fancy, imagine, expect后接宾语从句时 ,反意疑问句应对主句进行提问。Mary thinks you will come to the meeting, doesn' t she?You don' t think English is important, do you?You think she is a good teacher, don' t you?Your brother thinks that you can do the job well, doesn' t h

7、e?七、陈述部分带有 must几种用法1. must表“必须”时，疑问部分用needn't.I must answer the letter, needntI?2. must be表示推测时，反义疑问部分用be的适当形式.She must be a student, isntshe?3. mustn't表禁止时,反义疑问用 must作助动词.The children mustn'tplay in the street, must they?孩子禁止在街上玩，对吗？4. 陈述谓语部分是 must+have+过去分词时，如果句中有一个表 示过去的时间状语，则反义疑问句用di

8、d作助动词；如果没有 表示过去的时间状语，则 用have作助动词.It must have rained last night, didn'tit?She must have arrived there, hasn ' t she?八、陈述部分含有used to（过去常常），疑问部分用 usedn't/didn '.The old man used to smoke, usednt/didn 'the?主谓一致定义：主语与谓语动词之间数的一致.一. 语法一致原则：1. 主语是 a series of, a kind of, a piece of, a p

9、air of+n 时,谓语动词用单数.（因为表示整体概念）This pair of glasses is made in Hangzho u.2. a number of +可数名词复数作主语，谓语动词用复数；thenumber of+可数名词复数作主语，谓语动词用单数.The number of pigs he owns is twenty, but a number of them died yesterda y.3.以-s结尾的国名、地名或学科名书名作主语时，形式上是复数，但是谓语动词用单数.Mathematics is the science of numbers.5. 主语后 有 w

10、ith, but, together with, along with, accompaniedby, except rather than, besides, as well as等短语时，谓语动词 数要和这些短语前面的名词单复数保持一致.Nobody but Jim and Mike was on the playground.My license， rather than my credit cards，was lostMr Green besides his daughtersikes sports.格林先生和他的女儿都喜欢体育。6.A.由and和bothand连接的两个单数名词作主语

11、，如指的是 复数概念，谓语动词用复数形式，Mr . and Mrs . Smith are engineers 史密斯夫妇是工程师。 Fire and water do not agree .水火不相容。Both coffee and beer are on sale in the shop.店里出售咖啡 和啤酒。B如果and连接的两个词是指同一个人、同一事物或同一概念，则谓语动词必须用单数.如常作为一个整体概念来看待的组合有下面这些，谓语用单数。bread and butter 黄油面包bread and cheese涂奶酪的面包a knife and fork 畐 U刀叉a watch a

12、nd chain 一只系有表带的手表a cart and horse 一辆马车needle and thread 针线law and order法律和秩序Bread and butter is her favorite food.黄油面包是她最喜欢吃的食物。Trial and error is the source of our knowledge反复实验（不断摸索）是我们知识的来源。The teacher and writer is her friend.（这位教师兼作家是她的朋 友）比较'My frie nd and lawyer has caught a very bad col

13、d我的律师，同样也是我的朋友，得了重感冒。My frie nd and my lawyer have caught a bad cold.我的朋友和我的律师两人都得了重感冒。6. many a/more than one+可数名词单数，谓语动词用单数.7. more+复数名词+than one，谓语动词一般用复数.二. 意义一致原则1.表示金钱、时间、度量、距离、价格等复数名词时，往往可根据意义一致的原则，把这些复数名词看作一个整体。谓语动词采用单数形式。如：Six months is too short to learn anything.Fifty minutes isn ' t

14、enough to finish thiS50e分钟完成这个测 试是不够的。Ten miles seems like a long walk to me 对我来说， 10 英里步行 似乎很远。2. 集合名词与谓语动词的一致(1)集合名词作主语，如果 表示整体概念，谓语动词用单数 形式；如 表示成员则用复数。常见的这部分名词有：army，audience, class club，committee, company，crowd，family， group，government, organization， party， personnel, public， staff， team， union，

15、 crew等。如：Our football team is playi ng w我们的足球队踢得很好。Our football team are hav ing baths and are the n coming back here for supper 我们的足球队员们正在洗澡，然后将回到这吃晚饭。My family is very large 我的家庭很人。His family are waiting for him 他的家人在等他。三. 就近一致原则1.由 eitheror,neithernor,notbut,not onlybutalso等连接的并列主语，谓语动词要与靠近的主语的单复数形 式保持一致Either the teacher or the students are to blame .或者老 师或者学生们应受到指责。Not only the students but also their teacher doesn' t know about it.2.在倒装句及there be, here be结构中，谓语动词往往与最靠近 的一个主语保持一致.On th