荆州市最新高考英语阅读理解练习题

1、荆州市最新高考英语阅读理解练习题一、高中英语阅读理解1 .阅读理解Traveling TipsNo SmokingFederal and State Government Regulations do not allow you to smoke on board express coaches within Australia.Luggage AllowanceAs a fare paying customer you are entitled to take 2 pieces of personal luggage. Each must not exceed 75 cm in length

2、, or weigh more than 20kg.Excess luggage will be carried at the company's excess luggage rate and depending on space availability may be required to be carried on another coach.Luggage Tips1) Keep your valuables with you. Money, jewellery, valuable documents, credit cards, keys, medications shou

3、ld be retained by you and not on the coach at meal or transport stops.2) Use sturdy, lockable luggage. Do not use plastic bags as these may split during the transit.3) Make sure you identify your luggage with a name tag.4) Backpacks stow all items and do not leave mugs, shoes, towels hanging off you

4、r backpack as these can get caught in other luggage and cause damage.Departure TimesThe time shown on your ticket is the coach departure time. If you are boarding halfway and not at a travel centre or terminal you should be at the pick up point 15 minutes ahead of this time, so you can be comfortabl

5、y on board by the time the coach is due to leave. If you are boarding at a travel centre or terminal, please arrive at least 20 minutes prior to the published departure time and remember to allow extra time at peak travel times.Dress RequirementsAs a courtesy, and so as not to offend fellow traveler

6、s, a reasonable standard of clothing and footwear is required.(1) As a traveler, you can.A.take the luggage 75 cm in length and 20kg in weight onlyB.leave valuable belongings on coach when going for mealsC.identify your luggage by attaching a name tag to itD.leave the mugs and shoes hanging off the

7、backpack(2) Among the following traveling tips, which one is true?A.Smoking is strictly forbidden all over the places within Australia.B.Plastic bags should be avoided in case of split during the transit.C.15 minutes ahead of the departure time should be guaranteed.D.Standards of dress requirements

8、have been specifically listed.【答案】(1) CB【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了旅行列出五个建议，并就每个建议进行了说明。(1)考查细节理解。根据第三个建议Luggage Tips中的"Makesure you identify yourluggage with a name tag.可知，”确保你的行李上有姓名标签，也就是在行李上贴上姓名标签 以识别你的行李，故选 C。(2)考查细节理解。根据第三个建议Luggage Tips中的“Dcnot use plastic bags as thesemay split during the tran

9、sit.可知，不要使用塑料袋，因为塑料袋可能会在运输过程中裂开， 所以在运输过程中避免使用塑料袋以防裂开。故选Bo【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解题型的考查，是一篇旅游类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节 信息，并结合题目要求，从而选出正确答案。2 .阅读理解If American waterways had ever been voted on the yearbook, the Buffalo River could easily have been named Ugliest. It could be hard to find hope there. It took decades for publ

10、ic perception of the river to shift. But activist citizens, who collaborated with industry, government, and environment groups never gave up on their polluted riverthe Buffalo River gradually wentfrom being considered a lost cause to a place worth fighting for. And by now the cleaned up water is one

11、 of Buffalo'S biggest attractions.By the 1960s, the river was seen as one of the worst sources of pollution pouring into the Great Lakes. The Buffalo River had caught fire many times. The surface had an oily layer, and any fish caught there were not eatable.The waterway's fate started shifti

12、ng in the mid-1960s. Stanley Spisiak was a local Polish- American jeweler by day, but by evening he was the kind of guy who'd chase down dumpers( 垃 圾车)he spotted on the Buffalo River. By 1966 he found himself winning the National Wildlife Federation's "Water Conservationist of the Year&

13、quot; award. And before long he got a nickname:" Mr. Buffalo River. "But there was only so much he could do the river was still declared biologically dead in 1969.Jill Spisiak Jedlicka is his great-grandniece. She picks up where he left off by directing the river's protector organizati

14、on, Buffalo Niagara Waterkeeper. Professor Schneekloth and seven friends founded the organization as an all-volunteer nonprofit in 1989, after organizing the first river cleanup that year. Today the group employs 27 full-time workers and has helped oversee the Buffalo River's $100 million restor

15、ation.So far, the Buffalo River's water quality has restored, but it is still an ongoing issue, as sewage(污水)can overflow into the river after storms. Habitat restoration continues as well; fish and plantings are still being sampled to measure how well it's gone.11) What did the Buffalo Rive

16、r use to be?A. A waterway on the yearbook.B. A river heavily polluted.C. A great attraction of Buffalo's.D. A place worth fighting for.(2) Why was Mr.Spisiak named "Mr. Buffalo River"?A. Because his fate shifted in the 1 960s.B. Because he spotted dumpers on the River.C. Because he spa

17、red no efforts to protect the river.D. Because the river was declared biologically dead.(3) How long did it take for the river to restore?A. More than half a century. B. Just four decades. C. About 30 years. D. Only 27 years. (4) What can be a suitable title for this text?A. The restoration of the B

18、uffalo RiverB. Stanley Spisiak: The "Mr.Buffalo River"C. The future of the Buffalo RiverD. River protection: A long way to go【答案】(1) BC(3) A(4) A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了被污染的the Buffalo River的恢复。(1)考查细节理解。根据第一段中的 "nevergave up on their polluted river the Buffalo River gradually went from b

19、eing considered a lost cause to a place worth fighting for. ； 第二段 中的“By the 1960s the river was seen as one of the worst sources of pollution pouring into the Great Lakes. The Buffalo River had caught fire many times. The surface had an oily layer , and any fish caught there were not eatable.可知，the

20、Buffalo River 过去是一条被严重污染的河。故选 Bo(2)考查推理判断。根据第三段中的"Stanley Spisiak was a local Polish American jeweler byday, but by evening he was the kind of guy who'd chase down dumpers( 垃圾车)he spotted on the Buffalo River. By 1966 he found himself winning the National Wildlife Federation's "Wat

21、er Conservationist of the Year"award. And before long he got a nickname: ' MrBuffalo River.可" 知，Mr. Spisiak被称为"Mr.Buffalo River是因为他不遗余力地保护这条河。故选C。(3)考查推理判断。根据第一段中的"Ittook decades for public perception of the river toshift.公欲对这条河的看法改变花了几十年的时间；第二段中的 "By the 1960s the river

22、 was seen as one of the worst sources of pollution pouring into the Great Lakes.至U了 20 世名己 60 年 ”代，这条河被认为是五大湖最严重的污染源之一。；以及最后一段中的“Soar, the BuffaloRiver's water quality has restored，”到目前为止，布法罗河的水质已经恢复“可知，这条河花了多半个世纪才恢复。故选Ao(4)考查主旨大意。第一段和第二段说明了 the Buffalo River严重受污染的情况，第三、 四段介绍了为改变污染状况所做的努力，以及最后一段

23、中的“Sofar, the Buffalo River'swater quality has restored , but it is still an ongoing issue, as sewage(污水)can overflow into the river after storms. Habitat restoration continues as well; fish and plantings are still being sampled to measure how well it's gone.是其现状。综上可知，本文讲述的是被污染的theBuffalo Ri

24、ver的恢复。故选 A。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇环保类阅 读，要求考生准确捕捉细节信息，同时根据上下文进行逻辑推理，概括归纳，从而选出正 确答案。3 .阅读理解From quiet paths by a stream in a forest to busy roads running through a city, people have created various forms of routes in different places. These now exist all around us, and their use is imper

25、ative for societies. These routes have enabled people to move, transport things, and send information from one place to another quickly and safely. Throughout history, they have been important in our daily lives.Early routes were often formed naturally on land. They gradually developed over long per

26、iods of time while people traveled them on foot or horseback. A significant turning point in their history arrived when the first wheeled carts appeared in ancient times. Once this happened, people recognized the importance of well-maintained routes. Therefore, towns, cities, and entire countries im

27、proved them. As a result, life became more convenient, communities grew, economies evolved, and cultures expanded.People have established routes on water, too. Rivers and canals have served as effective routes for people to move around and carry things. For instance, in the old, Japanese city of Edo

28、, water routes were used for the transportation of agricultural products, seafood, and wood. People have also opened routes across the sea. The seaways were critical for the navigation of ships, particularly in the days when they moved mainly by wind power. Using these sea routes, people could trave

29、l great distances, and go to places they had not previously been able to reach.People have gone on to open routes in the sky as well. Since the invention of the airplane, they have made it possible to travel long distances easily. Eventually, people became able to travel safely and comfortably high

30、in the sky, and going vast distances only took a small amount of time.Today, we have a new type of route, the Internet. By using this worldwide route, people can easily obtain information that once was available mainly from books and face-to-face communication. They can also instantly send messages

31、to large numbers of people all at once.As long as there have been people, there have been routes to connect them. Currently unknown routes will surely take us even further in the future.(1) Which of the following is closest to the meaning of the underlined word imperative in paragraph 1?A.accidental

32、B.industrialC.essentialD.traditional(2) Why is the example of Edo introduced in paragraph 3?A.To describe the difficulty of creating routes on the water.B.To emphasize the fact that it was an important city.C.To explain the use of water routes to move along the coastlines.D.To illustrate the importa

33、nt roles of water routes for cities.(3) What does paragraph 5 tell us about routes?A.Routes can be thought of as existing invisibly in the world.B.Routes that move information can be regarded as dangerous.C.The fundamental functions of routes are declining.D.The importance of different kinds of rout

34、es is the same.(4) 4） What is the main idea of this article?A.Humankind first created various types of convenient routes on land.B.Improvements in transportation have come at great cost.C.Technology has interfered with opening up routes around the world.D.The advancement of humanity was aided by the

35、 development of routes.【答案】（ 1 ） C（ 2） D（ 3） A（ 4） D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了从最初的陆路到水路和空路，再到如今的互联网，这些路线促进了人类的进步和社会的发展。（ 1）考查词义猜测。根据第一段中的"These routes have enabled people to move, transportthings, and send information from one place to another quickly and safely. Throughout history, they have been im

36、portant in our daily lives." 可知，这些路线使人们能够快速、安全地从一个地方到另一个地方移动、运输物品和发送信息。纵观历史，它们在我们的日常生活中一直很重要，因此它们的使用对于社会来说是必不可少的，由此可知画线词词义为"必要的 "，故选C。（ 2）考查推理判断。根据第三段中的"People have established routes on water, too. Riversand canals have served as effective routes for people to move around and ca

37、rry things." 可知，人 们也在水上建立了路线，河流和运河已经成为人们走动和搬运东西的有效途径，紧接着举日本江户这个例子就是为了证明这一点，即：水路对城市有着重要作用，故选D。（ 3）考查推理判断。根据第五段中的"Today, we have a new type of route, the Internet. Byusing this worldwide route, people can easily obtain information that once was available mainly from books and face-to-face co

38、mmunication." 可知，如今，我们有一种新的路线 互联网，通过使用这条世界性的途径，人们可以很容易地获得以前主要从书本和面对面的交流中获得的信息，与传统的陆路、水路以及空路相比，互联网这种新的路线是无形的，由此可知，路线可以被认为是无形地存在于这个世界上，故选A。（ 4）考查主旨大意。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了从最初的陆路到水路和空路，再到如今的互联网，这些路线促进了人类的进步和社会的发展，由此可知，本文介绍的是人类的进步得益于路线的发展，故选D。【点评】本题考点涉及推理判断，词义猜测和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇科技类阅读，考生需要根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理

39、，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答 案。（ 5） 理解As we know, Julian Beever is an international well-known sidewalk chalk artist whose drawings have appeared on the streets of London, Buenos Aires, Paris, New York, and countless other cities around the world. Beever creates drawings that look completely three- dimensional wh

40、en seen from the correct angle.Now, in his book, Pavement chalk artist: The three-dimensional drawings of Julian Beever, the artist shares some of his most fascinating and humorous pieces, Here are a few examples you'll find in the book. Philadelphia eagleIn Pennsylvania, Beever created "Ph

41、iladelphiaeagle" a huge drawing with an eagle landing successfully on an American national flag. Meeting Mr. Frog"Meeting Mr. Frog" was created in Salamanca, Spain, and is about a realistic-looking frog sitting on a Lily pad.Swimming pool in the high streetMy personal favorite is &quo

42、t;Swimming pool in the high street" from Brussels, which is about a woman relaxing in a swimming poola swimming pool sunk into the middle of the street, that is!Along with an introduction about his background, Beever includes a description of the techniques he used and the challenges he overcam

43、e with every drawing. He shares information about his time at home in the UK. and abroad; there is a fun story to back up each piece of art.Beever's artwork is truly jaw dropping. You're sure to spend ages turning the leaves back and forth, surprised at how one man can create what looks like

44、 a three-dimensional design on a flat surface with just a bit of chalk. From animals to superheroes to famous buildings, the paintings are a wonder to lay eyes on.Payment chalk artist: The three-dimensional drawings of Julian Beever is surely worth a look. And another look. This 112-page hardcover b

45、ook is available now from Firefly Books at a list price of $ 29.95(1) What do we know about the book mentioned in the text?A. It has a paper cover.B. It hasn't been published.C. It includes some drawing techniques. D. It's a biography of Julian Beever.(2) What does the underlined part "

46、jaw dropping" most probably mean?A. Romantic.B. Amazing.C. FrighteningD. Depressing.(3) We can infer that the text is.A. a book reviewB. a description of street artC. an advertisement for a new bookD. an introduction to an artist【答案】(1) CB(4) C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，Julian Beever是一个国际知名的粉笔艺术家，他的三维绘画作

47、品已经出现在伦敦，布宜诺斯艾利斯，巴黎，纽约，和世界各地的无数城市的 街头。而在他的新书中这位艺术家也和读者分享了一些他最迷人的和幽默的作品。(1)考查细节理解。根据第二段中的 "inhis book, Pavement chalk artist: The three - dimensional drawings of Julian Beever, the artist shares some of his most fascinating and humorous pieces '可知J ulian Beever以绘画而闻名，而他的书中也涵盖了一些他的作品， 选C。(2)考

48、查词义猜测。根据倒数第二段中的"You're sure to spend ages turning the leaves backand forth, surprised at how one man can create what looks like a three-dimensional design on a flat surface with just a bit of chalk可知读者会惊讶于逼真的三维设计，会反复地翻看，由此判断选Bo(3)考查推理判断。文章开头介绍了著名的画家，然后通篇介绍他的新书内容，而且文 章最后还介绍了书的价格以及去哪里可以购买到此书，

49、由此判断该文是一篇介绍书的广 告，选C。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇广告类阅 读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出 正确答案。5. (2019?江苏)请认真阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。Who cares if people think wrongly that the Internet has had more important influences than the washing machine? Why does it matter that people a

50、re more impressed by the most recent changes?It would not matter if these misjudgments were just a matter of people's opinions. However, they have real impacts, as they result in misguided use of scarce resources.The fascination with the ICT (Information and Communication Technology) revolution,

51、 represented by the Internet, has made some rich countries wrongly conclude that making things is so "yesterday" that they should try to live on ideas. This belief in "post-industrial society" has led those countries to neglect their manufacturing sector ( 制造业)with negative conse

52、quences for their economies.Even more worryingly, the fascination with the Internet by people in rich countries has moved the international community to worry about the "digital divide" between the rich countries and the poor countries. This has led companies and individuals to donate mone

53、y to developing countries to buy computer equipment and Internet facilities. The question, however, is whether this is what the developing countries need the most. Perhaps giving money for those less fashionable things such as digging wells, extending electricity networks and making more affordable

54、washing machines would have improved people's lives more than giving every child a laptop computer or setting up Internet centres in rural villages, I am not saying that those things are necessarily more important, but many donators have rushed into fancy programmes without carefully assessing t

55、he relative long-term costs and benefits of alternative uses of their money.In yet another example, a fascination with the new has led people to believe that the recent changes in the technologies of communications and transportation are so revolutionary that now we live in a "borderless world&

56、quot;. As a result, in the last twenty years or so, many people have come to believe that whatever change is happening today is the result of great technological progress, going against which will be like trying to turn the clock back. Believing in such a world, many governments have put an end to s

57、ome of the very necessary regulations on cross-border flows of capital, labour and goods, with poor results.Understanding technological trends is very important for correctly designing economic policies, both at the national and the international levels, and for making the right career choices at th

58、e individual level. However, our fascination with the latest, and our under valuation of what has already become common, can, and has, led us in all sorts of wrong directions.(1) Misjudgments on the influences of new technology can lead to. A. a lack of confidence in technologyB. a slow progress in

59、technologyC. a conflict of public opinionsD. a waste of limited resources(2) The example in Paragraph 4 suggests that donators should.A. take people's essential needs into accountB. make their programmes attractive to peopleC. ensure that each child gets financial supportD. provide more affordable internet facilities(3) What has led many governments to remove necessary regulations?A. Neglecting the impacts of technological advances.B. Believing that the world has beco