公开课 中考英语专题复习三定语从句的考点讲解和训练

1、中考专题复习三：定语从句（Attributive clause）的考点讲解和训练【考点扫描】中考对定语从句的考查主要集中在以下几个方面：1 定语从句的功用和结构2 关系代词和关系副词的功用3 各个关系代词和关系副词的具体用法考查的主要形式是单项填空、完型填空、短文填空和完成句子。阅读理解和书面表达肯定也要用到定语从句。 什么是定语？定语是用来修饰、限定、说明_或_的品质与特征的。 主要有形容词来作定语，此外还有名词、代词、数词、介词短语、动词不定式（短语）、分词、定语从句或相当于形容词的词、短语或句子都可以作定语。 汉语中常用的表示。单个的词作定语时通常放在它所修饰的词_，作前置定语。短语和从

2、句作定语时则放在所修饰的词_，作后置定语。例如:a famous university.（_做定语）The boy in blue is Tom. 穿蓝色衣服的孩子是汤姆。（_做定语）I want something to eat .（_做定语）A student called Mike is very polite.（_做定语）【精讲】 一. 定语从句的功用和结构在复合句中，修饰某一_词或_词的从句叫做定语从句。被定语从句修饰的词叫做_。定语从句必须放在先行词之_。引导定语从句的引导词有关系代词和关系副词。常见的关系代词包括that, which，who（宾格whom，所有格whose）等，

3、关系副词包括where， when，why等。如：1) The man who lives next to us is a policeman. 2) You must do everything that I do. 关系代词和关系副词用来引导定于从句，在先行词和定语从句之间起纽带作用，使二者联系起来。关系代词和关系副词又在定语从句中充当一个成分。关系代词做主语，宾语，定语，关系副词做状语。关系代词和关系副词由先行词确定。二. 定语从句的分类根据定语从句与先行词的关系，定语从句可分为_定语从句及_定语从句。_定语从句紧跟先行词，主句与从句不用逗号分开，从句不可省去，_定语从句主句与从句之间有

4、逗号分开，起补充说明作用，如省去，意思仍完整。三. 各个关系代词和关系副词的具体用法1. who 先行词 指人，在定语从句中可作主语。例如：The person who broke the window must pay for it.2. whom先行词指人，在定语从句中可作宾语，可以省略。例如：Do you know the young man (whom) we met at the gate？3. whose先行词指人，也可指物，在定语从句中可作定语。例如：The girl whose mother is ill is staying at home today.4. which先行词

5、指物，在定语从中作可主语或宾语，作宾语时可省略。例如：A dictionary is a book which gives the meaning of words.5. that先行词可指人，也可指物，在定语从句中可作主语或宾语，作宾语时可省略。例如：Ive read the newspaper that(which) carries the important news.Who is the person that is reading the newspaper over there?6. when先行词指时间，在定语从句中可作时间状语。例如： Ill never forget the

6、time when we worked on the farm. He arrived in Beijing on the day when I left.7. where先行词指地点，在定语从句中可作地点状语。例如： This is the house where we lived last year. 8. why 先行词指原因，在定语从句中可作原因状语。例如：Nobody knows the reason why he is often late for school.四. 具体使用时还要注意下列问题：1. 只能使用that,不用which 的情况：(1) 先行词是all, few, l

7、ittle, nothing, everything, anything 等不定代词时。例如： All that he said is true. (2) 先行词被被the only, the very, the last, the next等词修饰时。例如： He is the only foreigner that has been to that place. (3) 先行词本身是序数词或形容词最高级，或被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时。例如：He was the second (person) that told me the secret.(4) 先行词是以which/who开头的疑问句

8、时. 例如：Who is the girl that is crying？(5) 先行词既包括人又包括物时。例如：He talked about the people and the things he remembered.2. 只能用which，不用that 的情况：(1) 在非限制性定语从中。例如： The meeting was put off, which was exactly what we wanted. (2) 定语从句由介词+关系代词引导，先行词是物时。例如： The thing about which he is talking is of great importanc

9、e.【中考范例】 1.-Does the teacher know everybody _ planted the trees? -Yes, he does. A. which B. whose C. where D. who 【解析】答案：D。该题考查的是引导定语从句的关系代词的选择。因为先行词是人，而关系代词又在定语从句中作主语，所以只有who合适。 2. The letter _ I received from him yesterday is very important. A. who B. where C. what D. that 【解析】答案：D。该题考查的是定语从句的关系代词

10、的选择。因为先行词是物，而关系代词在定语从句中作宾语，所以只有that合适。 注意：1. 关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句的谓语动词的人称和数须和先行词一致。例如：I dont like people who talk much but do little.The cars which are produced in Hubei Province sell very well. 2. what不能引导定语从句.3.先行词指人时，that和who或whom可以互换.4.先行词指物时，that和which可以互换.5.介词前置时，只能选which或whom.【满分演练】 一. 请分析以下定语从句

11、：(划出定语从句，并标出先行词)1.Check the ways you study for an English test. 2.Another thing that I found very difficult was English grammar. 3.You couldnt understand people who talked fast. 4.I have some ideas that may help. 5.They said something you didnt like. 6.Can you think of any problems you have had rece

12、ntly?8.He would always take pride in everything good I do. 9.My friends and I talked about the rules that we have in school. 10.What are some of the rules that a teenager should obey?二. 单项填空( )1. -Who is the man _ was talking to our English teacher? -Oh! Its Mr. Baker, our maths teacher. A. he B. th

13、at C. whom D. which( )2. I hate the people _ dont help others when they are in trouble. A. who B. which C. they D. where( )3. The foreigner _ visited our school is from Canada. A. which B. when C. who D. whom( )4. George was an English school teacher _ loved climbing. A. who B. whom C. he D. which(

14、)5. This is the place _I have ever visited. A. there B. when C. where D. which( )6. Nobody knows the reason _ she didnt come to the meeting. A. that B. which C. why D. when( )7. The moon is a world _ there is no life. A. that B. which C. where D. why( )8. He has forgotten the day _ he arrived. A. wh

15、en B. where C. that D. which( )9. He still remembers the days _ he spent with your family. A. when B. where C. that D. on which( )10. Mr. White, _ car had been stolen, came to the policeman. A. who B. that C. whose D. which( )11. He got to the village _ his family once lived before liberation. A. th

16、at B. which C. when D. where( )12. This is the house _ I want to buy. A. in which B. that C. whose D. where( )13. This is the house _ our beloved Premier Zhou once lived and worked. A. which B. that C. when D. where( )14. He didnt tell me the place _ he was born. A. that B. which C. when D. where( )

17、15. He lived in a small village, _ was a long way from the railway station. A. that B. which C. where D. when( ) 16. Your teacher of Chinese is a young lady_ comes from Beijing. A. who B. which C. whom D. whose( )17. Whats the name of the program_. A. which are listening B. you are listening to C. t

18、o that you are listening D. that you are listening( ) 18. The students were all interested _ you told them yesterday. A. in which B. in that this C. all that D. in everything( ) 19. He was the only person in his office_ was invited. A. whom B. whose C. that D. which( ) 20. This is the museum_ we vis

19、ited last year. A. where B. in which C. which D. in that( ) 21. Charlie told his mother all_ had happened. A. that B. what C. which D. who( ) 22. Do you know the student_? A. whom I often talk B. with who I often talk C. I often talk with D. that I often talk( ) 23. I like the house_ windows face south. A. whose B. whos C. its D. its( ) 24. Would you tell me where to get the dictionary _? A. what I need B.I need C. which I need